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それがぼくらのじゃすてぃす [ TAG English HPR Kaito L-S Meiko Miku NV_sm2398354 shinP title そ] Music ShinP/シンP Lyric ShinP/シンP Vocal Hatsune Miku, MEIKO, KAITO Videos PVs ■ Show/Hide Video http //www.nicovideo.jp/watch/sm2398354 http //www.nicovideo.jp/watch/sm2398354 Translations ■ Show/Hide Romaji 2009-04-26 14 36 First Entry Translation Draft by RomajiGateway8 31 PM 3/26/2009 ??? Updated Checked by ??? ROUGH TRANSLATION-NEED CHECK sorega bokura no ... tsumeta i ran ni toza sareteiruyouna fukai yami wo nukedashi te bokura ha ima demo kotae wo sagashi te atedomonaku oyoi deru kodomo no goroni akogareta mirai ha maboroshi dakedo ... itsukaha kuru to shinji te machi tsuduke teita sunahama ni kai ta chikai ha gin no nami nisaraware mujou no umi niheto toke teshimau aozora ni utsusu kokoroha kuroi kumo nitoraware tsumeta ku ori sosogu ame ni nure teruyo chikara naki seigi ha tashikani muryoku dakeredo hokori naki chikara ni imi haarunodarouka ? tatoekono sekai nosubetega teki datoshitemo hirumazu idomi tsuduke ru sorega bokura no ... seigi sa kanashimi saemo waka ranakunaruyouna amai wana ni torawa rete bokura haitsumade kiseki wo shinji te utsuro nitada inoru noka ? nagashi ta namida no kazu dake tsuyoku hanarenaikeredo ... dareka notameni yasashi kunaroutoshiteita iwahada ni sai ta kibou ha gin no kaze ni toba sare mugen no tanima heto kie teshimau setsugen ni nokosu wadachi ( wadachi ) ha aoi gatsu ni tera sare shizuka ni mai ori ru yuki ga hohoemu yo kanawanaki risou ha tashikani muimi dakeredo mezasu mononakushite nani ga kanau nodarou ? tatoekono tabiji ga ibara ( ibara ) de umo reteitemo mayowa zu susumi tsuduke ru sorega bokura no ... iki sama chikara naki seigi ha tashikani muryoku dakeredo hokori naki chikara ni imi haarunodarouka ? tatoekono sekai nosubeteni uragira retemo risou wo mezashi tsuduke ru sorega bokura no ... jasuteisu [部分編集] ■ Show/Hide Translation That's Our Justice 2009-04-26 14 36 First Entry 2009-05-27 23 49 19 (Wed) Last update Trasnlated by soundares Title That s Our Justice Lyric That s our... A darkness as if closed inside a cold cage... getting out of that thick darkness, we re still searching for the answer and swimming around without knowing a place to go The future we had hankered for is an imagination though... we kept waiting believing that it would come one day それが僕らの・・・ 冷たい檻に閉ざされているような 深い闇を抜け出して 僕らは今でも答えを探して あてどもなく泳いでる 子供の頃にあこがれた未来は幻だけど・・・ いつかは来ると信じて待ち続けていた The promise we write on the sand shore will be carried away and it will dissove into a merciless sea The heart that s reflected to a blue sky is now caught by black clouds and is being soaked by a rain that showers coldly 砂浜に書いた誓いは銀の波にさらわれ 無情の海にへと溶けてしまう 青空に映す心は黒い雲にとらわれ 冷たく降り注ぐ雨に濡れてるよ Justice without a power is surely powerless but is there a meaning to the power without pride? Even if everything in the world is enemy, Keep challenging without shrinking back That s our.... yes, justice 力なき正義は 確かに無力だけれど 誇りなき力に 意味はあるのだろうか？ たとえこの世界のすべてが敵だとしても ひるまず挑み続ける それが僕らの・・・正義さ Traps that make us become insensible to sadness... being trapped by those sugery traps, how long will we believe in a miracle and just blankly pray? We can t become strong as the number of tears we shed though... for somebody s sake, we were trying to become tender 悲しみさえも分からなくなるような 甘い罠に囚われて 僕らはいつまで奇跡を信じて 虚ろにただ祈るのか？ 流した涙の数だけ強くはなれないけれど・・・ 誰かのために優しくなろうとしていた The hope that bloomed on the rock surface has, by a silverly wind, blown out and it will dissappear into a valley of dreams and visions The rut we leave in a field of snow will, by a pale moon, be lighted out and the snow that quietly dance down will smile 岩肌に咲いた希望は銀の風に飛ばされ 夢幻の谷間へと消えてしまう 雪原に残す轍（わだち）は蒼い月に照らされ 静かに舞い降りる雪が微笑むよ Ideals that won t come true is surely meaningless but if we didn t have a thing to aim for, what will come true? Even if this journey shall be filled by thorns, without wavering, we continue to make our way That s our... way of life かなわなき理想は 確かに無意味だけれど 目指すものなくして何が叶うのだろう？ たとえこの旅路が茨（いばら）で埋もれていても 迷わず進み続ける それが僕らの・・・生き様 力なき正義は 確かに無力だけれど 誇りなき力に 意味はあるのだろうか？ たとえこの世界のすべてに裏切られても 理想を目指し続ける それが僕らの・・・ジャスティス Justice without a power is surely powerless but is there a meaning to the power without pride? Even if everything in the world betray us, we will keep aiming for our ideals That s our... Justice Comment If you have any advise or opinion for this post please write here.この投稿に対して助言、ご意見などありましたらこちらに書き込んで下さい。 Name Comment すべてのコメントを見る Last modified 2009-05-27 23 49 19 (Wed) Available Original Lyric, Nicosound MP3, etc http //www5.atwiki.jp/hmiku/pages/439.html http //nicosound.anyap.info/sound/sm5919610 http //www.nicomimi.com/play/sm5919610 Sub video, PV, other fan made video in YouTube [Add] http //www.youtube.com/watch/xxxxxxxxx ADD LINK すべてのコメントを見る (Information in this page is based on HatsuneMiku@Wiki) _
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No Braseiro 火鉢の中で Composição Pedro Luís Mas tá um trem de doido, êta confusão Parece natural andar na contramão. でも、狂った電車が、混乱し進む。 逆走するのが自然みたい。 Tão vendendo ingresso Pra ver nego morrer no osso Vou fechar a janela Pra ver se não ouço As mazelas dos outros. 友人が骨に埋もれて死ぬのを見るために、 チケットを沢山売っている。 他人の悪行を 耳にしたくないのであれば、見えるように、 窓を閉める。 Mas tá um trem de doido, êta confusão Parece natural andar na contramão. でも、狂った電車が、混乱して走っていて、 全てが、逆走するのが自然みたい。 Tão vendendo ingresso Pra ver nego morrer no osso Vou fechar a janela Pra ver se não ouço As mazelas dos outros. 友人が骨に埋もれて死ぬのを見るために チケットを沢山売って、 他人の悪行を もし耳にしたくないなら、よく見えるように、 窓を閉める。 Perdeu-se a moral e reina a falta de vergonha Mania nacional é ver o outro se dar mal O caso de polícia é corriqueiro, é todo dia Felicidade é bom Eu quero paz, justiça, alegria... モラルが無くなり、羞恥心の欠如が蔓延する。 他人がしくじるのを眺めるお国柄。 警察の場合は当たり前、毎日だ。 幸せは結構なことで、 私は、平和、正義、喜びが欲しい… Moramos no braseiro, a coisa aqui tá quente O ano inteiro eu corro atrás, não sei de quê exatamente. 火鉢の中で生きていて、ここのものは熱い。 年中私は後に付いて走り回る、何の後ろかはよくわからない。 Perdeu-se a moral e reina a falta de vergonha Mania nacional é ver o outro se dar mal O caso de polícia é corriqueiro, é todo dia Felicidade é bom Eu quero paz, justiça, alegria... モラルが無くなり、羞恥心の欠如が蔓延する。 他人がしくじるのを眺めるお国柄。 警察の場合は当たり前、毎日だ。 幸せは結構なことで、 私は、平和、正義、喜びが欲しい… Quero justiça, alegria e quero paz, Mas com direitos iguais, como já disse Tosh E quero mais que um milhão de amigos do RC Ser como Luís e suas maravilhas do mundo quero comer Quero me esconder debaixo da saia da minha amada Como Martinho da Vila, em ancestral batucada Eu quero é botar eu bloco na rua, qual Sampaio Quero o sossego de Tim Maia olhando um céu azul de maio Eu quero é mel, como cantou Melodia Quero enrolar-me em teus cabelos Como disse Wando à moça um dia Quero ficar no teu corpo, como Chico em Tatuagem E quero morrer com os bambas de Ataulfo bem mais tarde Só que bem mais tarde Eu quero ir pra ver Irene rir, como escreveu Veloso! 私は正義が欲しい。喜びも平和も欲しい。 でも、（ピーター）トッシュが言ったように、平等な権利とともに。※1 ホベルト・カルロスの沢山の友達よりも、ずっと多くの友達が欲しい。※2 ルイスのようでありたい。世界中の驚異を食べたい。※3 私の恋人のスカートの下に隠れたい。 マルチーニョ・ダ・ヴィオラのように、先祖伝来のリズムで。※4 私は、路上のブロコに出て行きたい。何とかサンパイオみたいに。※5 ５月の青空を眺めるチン・マイアの落ち着きが欲しい。※6 私が欲しいのは蜜、（ルイス）メロヂアが歌ったように。※7 あなたの髪の中に巻き込まれたい。 昔、ヴァンドが女の子に言ったように。※8 シコが「タトゥアージェン」で歌ったように、貴方の体の上にいたい。 アタウルフォ（アウヴィス）の幸運とともに、ずっと後になって死にたい。※9 もっとずっと後になって。 イレーニが笑うのを見に行きたいわ。カエターノが書いたように。※10 ※1 Peter Toshの“Equal Rights”の一節より ※2 Roberto Carlosの“Eu Quero Apenas”の一節より ※3 Luís Capuchoの“Romena”の一節より ※4 Martinho da Vilaの“Disritmia”の一節より ※5 Sergio Sampaioの“Eu quero é botar o meu bloco na rua”の一節より ※6 Tim Maiaの“Sossego”の一節より ※7 Luiz Melodiaの“Questão de Posse”の一節より ※8 Wandoの“Moça”の一節より ※9 Ataulfo Alvesの“Na Cadência do Samba”の一節より ※10 Caetano Velosoの“Irene”の一節より
https://w.atwiki.jp/ragtimema/pages/35.html
このページはhttp //plaza.rakuten.co.jp/ragtimema/diary/200804210016/からの引用です 楽天市場 インフォシーク ブログをつくろう！ ブログ/フォト/SNS|口コミ 349986 ORCUT ｢ラグタイム｣ （音楽）楽天ブログ 【ケータイで見る】【ログイン】 HIROMI RUMIANTSEVA カレンダー 2008年4月 日 月 火 水 木 金 土 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 前の月 今月 次の月 キーワードサーチ を で検索 楽天ブログから を 日記フォト動画 カテゴリ ・カテゴリ未分類(42) ・旅行(50) ・ラグタイム(10243) ・音楽(201) ・思い出(351) ・ライブ・コンサート(276) ・料理(66) ・ジャズ(45) ・社会問題(55) ・映画(19) バックナンバー ・2008年4月 ・2008年3月 ・2008年2月 ・2008年1月 ・2007年12月 モバイル ケータイに このブログの URLを送信！ おすすめリンク Loading now.... おすすめアイテム ■クルーズHIDスタンダード ネオ−6000K Work and Community in the Jungle Chicago s Packinghouse Workers, 1894-1922 Movieweek韓国俳優事典新版 ragtimemaの日記 │ 前へ│次へ │一覧│コメントを書く｜ 2008年04月21日 ORCUT ｢ラグタイム｣ [ ラグタイム ] 私を探してみてね！！！ 【コミュニティ】 ●MIXI ｢ラグタイム･ピアノ｣http //mixi.jp/view_community.pl?id=566271 ●MIXI ｢ストライド･ピアノ｣http //mixi.jp/view_community.pl?id=552534 ●MIXI ｢アレェクスェイ｣http //mixi.jp/view_community.pl?id=560415 ●MIXI 京都 『雅会（みやびかい）』http //mixi.jp/view_community.pl?id=2267597 ●MIXI 京都の大学生集まれ！！！http //mixi.jp/view_community.pl?id=2313992 ●京都に.com ｢京都でジャズ＆ラグタイム｣http //www.kyotoni.com/?m=pc a=page_c_home target_c_commu_id=9 ●JAZZ FAN SNS ｢ラグタイム｣http //jazzfan.so-netsns.jp/?m=pc a=page_c_home target_c_commu_id=55 ●スクラップ・ブック ｢ラグタイム｣http //scrapbook.ameba.jp/3129-2207_book/ ●GREE ｢ラグタイム｣http //gree.jp/?mode=community act=view community_id=40136 ●リンクス ｢ラグタイム｣http //my.plaza.rakuten.co.jp/sns/?menu=commu func=detail comm_id=4736 ●フレパ ｢ラグタイム｣http //www.frepa.livedoor.com/community/index?community_id=8076 ●MUSE ｢ラグタイム｣http //www.c-music.jp/index.php/top/friend/i/8853643653/ ●Yahoo! Days ｢ラグタイム｣http //community.days.yahoo.co.jp/community/community-dKQkq4VkL_6X ●ORCUT ｢ラグタイム｣http //www.orkut.com/Community.aspx?cmm=46844769 最終更新日 2008年04月21日 00時54分05秒コメント(0)|トラックバック(0)|コメントを書く タグ：ORCUT ｢ラグタイム｣,裕美・ルミィヤンツェヴァ,ラグタイム この記事のトラックバックURL： http //tb.plaza.rakuten.co.jp/ragtimema/diary/200804210016/a6bb7/ Loading now.... ■コメント お名前 タイトル 顔選択普通うれしい悲涙アイタタえ〜っムムッないしょ メッセージ ・メッセージ本文は全角で800文字までです。 ・書き込みに際しては楽天ブログ規約の禁止事項や免責事項をご確認ください ・ページの設定によっては、プルダウンで「顔選択」を行っても、アイコンが表示されません。ご了承ください。 │ 前へ│次へ │一覧│コメントを書く│一番上に戻る│ Powered By Copyright (c) 1997-2008 Rakuten, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
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名前： オラオラ(XampaNoiD) TwitterID： http //twitter.com/oraorasagi 良く作るハードコアジャンル： Frenchcore,Trancecore,Freeform等 サイト：http //www17.atpages.com/oraorasagi/ その他コメント： 個人レーベル・TelluriaN DestroyeR主宰。 トップ画像の「かばががばー」のネタを(恐らく)一番最初に引き出した人。Masters of Hardcoreの骸骨かぶせたのは@ranchen_。 合作、絵師など募集中！
https://w.atwiki.jp/tower_d/pages/18.html
Tower Defense サイトURL http //www.jeannettevejarano.com/games/tower-defence.html http //data.lepouya.com/data/src/Tower_Defence_Hacked.swf （改造版？ 初期goldが60000）※直接クリックで表示できない場合はコピーして貼り付け http //www.flasharcade.com/tower-defence-games/play/roman-sanine-tower-defence-1.html 概要 砲台を設置して、侵攻してくる敵から城を防衛する。作者はRoman Sanine。 シンプルなグラフィックが特徴。 基本事項 ショートカットキー 砲台Fire Tower Water Tower Nature Tower Storm Tower Flower Tower 攻略 バグ コメント 基本事項 20秒毎に敵が攻めてくる。 敵が城まで辿り着くとライフが減り、0になるとゲームオーバー。 敵は倒すまで迷路を何度も巡回する。 クリアはなく、エンドレス。 敵のHPは、色の濃さで分かるようになっている。 敵のHPは、WAVE毎に1.25倍に増加していく。 ショートカットキー スペース 次のWAVEへ早送り 砲台 Fire Tower 隣接する敵にもダメージを与える事が出来る。 ユニット名 射程 攻撃力 コスト 総コスト 攻撃力/総コスト Small Fire Tower 100 4 18 18 0.222 Large Fire Tower 100 12 20 38 0.316 Advanced Fire Tower 100 36 30 68 0.53 Great Fire Tower 100 108 50 118 0.915 Super Fire Tower 100 300 80 198 1.515 Century Inferno Tower 110 2056 600 798 2.576 Fireload Elemental Tower 120 7021 1500 2298 3.055 Water Tower 最も広い射程圏を持つ砲台。 ユニット名 射程 攻撃力 コスト 総コスト 攻撃力/総コスト Water Tower 100 5 10 10 0.5 Cold Water Tower 150 15 20 30 0.5 Ice Tower 150 45 40 70 0.643 Frost Tower 180 135 80 150 0.9 Master Ice Tower 200 405 160 310 1.306 Termination Tower 200 1215 320 630 1.929 Ultimate Ice Tower 200 3342 730 1360 2.457 Ultimate Ice Tower 215 6684 1000 2360 2.832 Ultimate Ice Tower 300 7335 1000 3360 2.183 Nature Tower 最終レベルまでアップグレードすると一気に攻撃力が急上昇する。 コストパフォーマンスも良いので、攻略するにあたり多用する砲台。 ユニット名 射程 攻撃力 コスト 総コスト 攻撃力/総コスト Small Nature Tower 100 5 15 15 0.333 Large Nature Tower 100 10 20 35 0.286 Great Nature Tower 110 20 40 75 0.267 Master Nature Tower 150 90 80 155 0.58 Master Nature Tower 170 300 160 315 0.952 Enchanted Nature Tower 190 1013 320 635 1.595 SuperNature Tower 200 1458 640 1275 1.144 Living Tower 215 9000 1100 2375 3.789 Storm Tower Flower Towerを除くと初期段階では一番強いが、アップグレード不可能。 中盤以降邪魔になるだけなので、設置しない事を勧める。 ユニット名 射程 攻撃力 コスト 攻撃力/総コスト Storm Tower 100 40 40 1 Flower Tower 破格の攻撃力とコストを誇る砲台。 5つの砲台の中では唯一アップグレードすると射程圏が狭くなる。 ユニット名 射程 攻撃力 コスト 総コスト 攻撃力/総コスト Ultimate Armed Tower 150 9090 3000 3000 3.03 Flower Power Tower 100 15050 5000 8000 1.881 TTHHE ULLTTIMMATTE TTOWWERR 90 909090 15000 23000 39.526 攻略 砲台は、発射した弾が敵に命中してから次の弾を撃つので、攻撃時間にムラが生じる。従って、通路の突き当たりに設置すると短い間隔で攻撃出来て良い。 ただし、射程を重視して、真ん中に設置した方が良かったという報告もある。 バグ 敵全滅前からスペースを押し続けていると離すまでいくらでもWAVEをあげることができる 時々砲台が消失することがある 敵を攻撃している砲台の射程外に敵が行った時にその敵を追跡中だった弾は停止する コメント 時々砲台が消失することがある これ制限じゃないの? -- カタバミ (2010-05-02 12 03 19) Flower Towerを最終段階に強化するなんて、コスト的に不可能な感じがするんですが・・・正規版で出来た人います？ -- 名無しさん (2010-06-21 22 25 37) Flower Towerを最終段階に強化は…現実的に無理かと。第二段階よりも第一段階の方が使えるので、上げるなら一気に…だけど、Flower第一段階とならNatureをMAXの方が使えるし。 80代中盤までいければ御の字じゃないかと思う。自分は。 (作者は正規版で90まで行ったようだけど…) -- ルリ (2010-07-03 01 43 24) とにかく真中にnature MAXを置くんだ。75まではそれでいけるが。 -- 名無しさん (2010-09-22 22 41 00) 67でオワタ -- hhhh (2011-01-09 15 28 06) Water Tower をマップの真ん中において Ultimate Ice Tower 第二形態まで進化させつづけるだけ wave 50 あたりまで行ける。 Ultimate Ice Tower のみと、 Ultimate Ice Tower 一つのほか Living Tower のみで試したらどちらも wave 74 で終わった。 -- 名無しさん (2011-08-21 20 03 40) これが元祖ＴＤである。ＴＤは、こいつからつけられた名前だと言われている。ちなみに３７５ステージまでいった。ノーハック。 -- S.GAMER (2011-10-30 18 42 50) だいたいLv100からはFlower Towerは必ず。TTHHE ULLTTIMMATTE TTOWWERR１０個くらいになったときはすごい。 -- S.GAMER (2011-10-30 18 44 57) http //data.lepouya.com/data/src/Tower_Defence_Hacked_2.swf -- 名無しさん (2011-11-10 22 27 44) 3・・・375・・・？ -- 名無しさん (2011-11-10 23 10 14) ハック版でTTHHE ULLTTIMMATTE TTOWWERR並べてみたが、ステージ100あたりから削りきれず突破される。ノンハックで３７５はありえんな -- 名無しさん (2011-11-21 14 30 27) ５００００の方でウェーブ終了後、スペース長押ししてるとなぜかウェーブが５００とか行くんだがww -- やふぁ (2011-12-24 15 33 49) 正規で８３ -- やふぁ (2011-12-24 15 34 38) S.GAMER おまえの事は得点30割にしてやる!! -- 光次 (2012-06-12 21 37 43) バグで262位までいったけど、最後に表示されたスコアは26だった。 -- 名無しさん (2012-06-18 10 25 26) やっぱりこれが最高傑作だわ シンプルイズザベスト！ -- 里芋ちゃん (2013-01-03 22 53 06) 99で死んだ 始めの3.93×10^9倍強いから仕方ないか -- ななし (2013-07-29 00 46 03) 伝説のクソゲー -- 名無しさん (2013-11-11 17 07 20) リンク切れ？ -- 名無しさん (2014-11-11 22 44 17) 名前 コメント
https://w.atwiki.jp/unturned/pages/186.html
Suppressor（サプレッサー）は、軍事関係の場所で発見できます。ベッドの下にスポーンする場合がよくあります。 下位互換にMufflerがあります。 ver3.x以降 バレル 標準搭載(内部データ) Bow Barrel/Crossbow Barrel/Honeybadger Barrel/Matamorez Barrel 非標準搭載 Makeshift Muffler / Ranger Suppressor / Military Barrel / Military Muzzle / Military Suppressor サイト 標準搭載 Bluntforce Iron Sights / Compound Iron Sights / Crossbow Iron Sights / Dragonfang Iron Sights / Eaglefire Iron Sights / Grizzly Iron Sights / Hawkhound Iron Sights / Heartbreaker Iron Sights / Honeybadger Iron Sights / Maplestrike Iron Sights / Matamorez Iron Sights / Nykorev Iron Sights / Peacemaker Iron Sights / Rifle Iron Sights / Rocket Iron Sights / Sabertooth Iron Sights / Schofield Iron Sights / Shadowstalker Scope / Snayperskya Iron Sights / Sportshot Iron Sights / Timberwolf Iron Sights / Viper Iron Sights / Yuri Iron Sights / Zubeknakov Iron Sights 非標準搭載 Makeshift Scope / Red Kobra Sight / 7x Scope / 8x Scope / 16x Scope / Red Dot Sight / Red Halo Sight / Red Chevron Scope / Red Cross Scope グリップ Horizontal Grip / Vertical Grip / Bipod タクティカル Tactical Light / Tactical Laser / Rangefinder / Adaptive Chambering ver2.2.5 +... バレル Muffler / Flash Hider / Suppressor サイト Zoomomatic / Binoculars / Red Dot Sight / Holographic Sight / Half Circle RailPlanar Track Rail / Dual Component Rail / Full Circle Rail / 6x Zoom Scope / 7x Zoom Scope / 12x Zoom Scope / 20x Zoom Scope タクティカル Tactical Light / Tactical Laser / Bayonet / Bipod / Angle Grip / Vertical Grip
https://w.atwiki.jp/gkk_wiki/pages/9.html
報告 sorarisです． GKKクランを脱退することに決めました． このホームページの私に関する項目は随時削除していきます． GKKの皆さんへ 勝手ながらクラン抜けさせてもらいました． GKKに所属できたことを誇らしく思います． 今までどうもありがとう．楽しかったです． 以上
https://w.atwiki.jp/aralonjp/pages/23.html
Seek out Gorak in Palace 発生 Find Dariusクリア後、Dariusとの会話で「Do you have any advice for me？」を選ぶと発生 目的 Gorakに会う 報酬 XP300 GorakはEast CallaheimのRoyal Quartersにいる。 Gorakとの会話後、The Planが発生
https://w.atwiki.jp/gitadoraweekly/pages/195.html
※内容に相違・漏れがある場合や、プレイヤー名を変更したい場合は@gitadoraweeklyへ御申告願います。 楽曲 SEASONS Yusuke Hiraga 難易度 BAS ADV EXT MAS BPM 2.90 5.00 6.60 8.10 150-200 Rank PlayerEntryName Score Part Level Rate Combo PlayerID 曲別 HOT Rankingへ Topページへ
https://w.atwiki.jp/pipopipo777/pages/29.html
TOXICOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR WHITE PHOSPHORUS -index 2 HEALTH EFFECTS 2.2 DISCUSSION OF HEALTH EFFECTS BY ROUTE OF EXPOSURE 2.2.2 Oral Exposure -3 2.2.2 Oral Exposure(2.2.2.0 preface) 2.2.2.1 Death 2.2.2 Oral Exposure -22.2.2.2 Systemic Effects 2.2.2 Oral Exposure -32.2.2.3 Immunological and Lymphoreticular Effects 2.2.2.4 Neurological Effects 2.2.2.5 Reproductive Effects 2.2.2.6 Developmental Effects 2.2.2.7 Genotoxic Effects 2.2.2.8 Cancer 2.2.2.3 Immunological and Lymphoreticular Effects There is limited information on the immunotoxicity of white phosphorus; however, there is some information that suggests that the immune system may be a target. Thymic hemorrhages were observed in two young children accidentally ingesting white phosphorus-containing fireworks (Dwyer and Helwig 1925; Humphreys and Halpert 1931). In one of these children, hyperplasia of lymphoid tissue in the intestinal wall and abdominal lymph nodes and hyperplastic lymphoid corpuscles in the spleen were observed (Humphreys and Halpert 193 1). Decreases in leukocyte levels were reported in a number of case reports involving acute ingestion of rat poison or fireworks containing white phosphorus (Diaz-Rivera et al. 1950; Ehrentheil 1957; Fletcher and Galambos 1963; McCarron et al. 1981; Newburger et al. 1948; Pietras et al. 1968). A decrease (Pietras et al. 1968) or an increase in the percentage of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils) (McCarron et al. 1981) were also observed in individuals ingesting white phosphorus. Because the individuals vomited shortly after ingesting the white phosphorus and/or received gastric lavage, doses could not be estimated. In workers exposed to an unknown level of white phosphorus via inhalation, oral, and dermal routes, a decrease in leukocyte levels was observed (Ward 1928). No studies were located regarding immunological or lymphoreticular effects in animals after oral exposure to white phosphorus. 2.2.2.4 Neurological Effects A number of case reports of individuals accidentally or intentionally ingesting a single dose of white phosphorus have reported neurological effects. Nonspecific neurological effects including lethargy (Dathe and Nathan 1946; Fletcher and Galambos 1963; McCarron et al. 1981; Rao and Brown 1974; Rubitsky and Myerson 1949; Simon and Pickering 1976; Talley et al. 1972), sleepiness (Dwyer and Helwig 1925; Ehrentheil 1957; McCarron et al. 1981; McIntosh 1927), irritability (McCarron et al. 1981), restlessness (Diaz-Rivera et al. 1950; Ehrentheil 1957; Harm and Veale 1910), and hypoactivity (Humphreys and Halpert 1931) have been observed. Other symptoms of neurotoxicity that have been observed include coma or semi-coma (Caley and Kellock 1955; Ehrentheil 1957; Hann and Veale 1910; McCarron et al. 1981; McIntosh 1927; Wechsler and Wechsler 1951), toxic delirium and psychosis (Diaz-Rivera et al. 1950), hemiplegia (Humphreys and Halpert 1931; McCarron et al. 1981), abnormal reflexes (Wechsler and Wechsler 1951), hyperesthesia (Humphreys and Halpert 1931), coarse muscle fasciculations (Caley and Kellock 1955), unresponsiveness to painful stimuli (Simon and Pickering 1976), and marked asterixis (flapping tremor) (Greenberger et al. 1964). In addition to these overt signs of neurotoxicity, histological damage in the brain was observed in four individuals ingesting a single dose of white phosphorus. Based on this limited information, the types of cellular damage can be grouped into four categories (1) cellular changes resulting from ischemic damage found in the Purkinje cells and cerebral cortical cells of the second and third layer of the cortex (Wertham 1932); (2) direct white phosphorus-induced cellular damage to the dentate nucleus and inferior olives (Wertham 1932); (3) fatty infiltration in the ganglion cells of the cortex, neuroglial cells, Golgi cells of the cerebellum, and the cells in the pia-arachnoid space (Humphreys and Halpert 1931; Wertham 1932); and (4) cerebral edema (Rao and Brown 1974). It is not known if the cerebral edema observed in this one individual was secondary to the other types of damage. A child treated with 0.083 mg/kg/day white phosphorus for an intermediate duration became lethargic 3 months after beginning treatment and remained lethargic until treatment was discontinued .70 days later. Following cessation of treatment, the child recovered very rapidly (Sontag 1938). Overt signs of neurotoxicity were observed in a cat ingesting a single lethal dose (Fry and Cucuel 1969) and in pregnant rats exposed to a lethal dose (0.075 mg/kg/day) of white phosphorus for an intermediate duration (effects only observed during late gestation of parturition) (Bio/dynamics 1991). Tonoclonic convulsions, increased salivation and weakness were observed in the cat (Frye and Cucuel1969), and tremors were observed in pregnant rats (Bio/dynamics 1991). In another developmental toxicity study (IRDC 1985), no signs of neurotoxicity were observed in pregnant rats. All LOAEL values from each reliable study for neurological effects in each species and duration category are recorded in Table 2-2 and plotted in Figure 2-2. Because vomiting occurred or the individuals received gastric lavage shortly after ingestion, reliable dose estimations could only be made for one individual acutely exposed to 2 mg/kg/day white phosphorus (Hann and Veale 1910). 2.2.2.5 Reproductive Effects Extensive uterine hemorrhaging was observed in a 2-month pregnant woman following the intentional ingestion of 2 mg/kg white phosphorus in rat poison (Hann and Veale 1910). Autopsy results showed that the uterus was enlarged containing a hemorrhagic mole, which was consistent with a 2-month pregnancy. No effects on reproductive performance or histological alterations in the ovaries, uterus, testis, or epididymis were observed in rats administered 0.075 mg/kg/day or less in a one-generation reproduction study (Bio/dynamics 1991; IRDC 1985). The highest NOAEL value and all LOAEL values from each reliable study for effects in each species and duration category are recorded in Table 2-2 and plotted in Figure 2-2. 2.2.2.6 Developmental Effects A healthy infant was administered phosphorized cod liver oil (reported to contain 1.1 mg “pure” phosphorus per fluid ounce) from ages l-7 months (Sontag 1938). The phosphorized cod liver oil was apparently administered for the prevention of rickets. The time-weighted average dose for the 6-month exposure was 0.083 mg/kg/day. During the first 3 months of treatment, the child appeared clinically normal and grew at a normal rate. From the ages of .4 to 6 months, the child became clinically ill, gained essentially no weight, and the rate of growth in height decreased from .0.1 to 0.04 cm/day. Following replacement of the treatment with normal, nonphosphorized cod liver oil, the child appeared to recover quickly, and began to grow at a normal rate. Radiograms taken at 6 months of age showed bands of increased density at the end of all the long bones with increased thickness and density also observed in the zones of calcification. Radiograms taken between 9 months and 5 years of age showed bands of increased density in the diaphyses of the long bones, and in the pelvic, metacarpal, and metatarsal bones. This study describes formation of “phosphorus” bands of increased density in the ends of long bones and possible decreased growth in a child exposed to 0.083 mg/kg/day phosphorus for 6 months (Sontag 1938). It should be noted that radiologic densities are common at the growing points of long bones in children. However, lead poisoning, administration of nickel, certain chronic diseases like anemia, and hypervitaminosis D may also produce bands in the ends of bones, but these are much thicker and heavier (Sontag 1938). A child with Perthes’ disease was administered 0.056 mgkg/day of phosphorus for two periods of intermediate duration, separated by a period with no exposure (Phemister 1918). “Phosphorus” bands of increased density developed in the ends in the tibia, fibula, and femur during the two exposure periods, without any improvement in the child’s condition. A male child with dyschondroplasia was administered 0.026 and 0.046 mg/kg/day white phosphorus for 3 and 8 months, respectively. “Phosphorus” bands of increased density developed in the tibia, fibula, and femur. The density and thickness of the bands were greater at the high-dose level and longer-treatment period. A male child with osteogenesis imperfecta was administered 0.078, 0.063, and 0.059 mg/kg/day phosphorus for 26,3, and 18 months, respectively, separated by a period of time with no white phosphorus exposure. Treatment with white phosphorus produced marked changes, including bands of increased density at the ends of bones and increased transverse diameters of the shafts of bones in the legs and arms (Phemister 1918). Four children with moderate to severe cases of rickets were treated orally with 0.110-0.158 mg/kg/day white phosphorus for durations ranging from 64 to 149 days (Compere 1930a). “Phosphorus” bands of increased thickness and density were observed in the long bones of 1 of 2 of the children examined. An arachitic child was treated with 0.119 mg/kg/day white phosphorus for 82 days (Compere 1930b). Following treatment, the child had a “heavy phosphorus line” and increased density of cortices. Treatment with white phosphorus did not generally improve the condition of the bones in children with rickets. Because these children were sickly, the relevance of the observed effects to potential effects of white phosphorus in normal, healthy children could not be ascertained. Young, growing rabbits exposed to 0.3 mg/kg/day white phosphorus given as a pill for an acute duration had transverse bands of increased density in metaphyseal regions of the tibia and fibula, compared to a control group (Adams 1938a). However, the percentage of calcium and phosphorus, and the calcium/phosphorus ratio in the metaphyseal and cortical regions of the right tibia was similar between treated and control animals. Young, growing rabbits exposed to 0.3 mg/kg/day white phosphorus given as a pill for an intermediate duration had average growth of the tibia of 0.27 mm/day, compared to 0.36 mm/day in the control group; however, no statistical analysis of the results was reported (Adams and Samat 1940). One rabbit had histological abnormalities in the tibia including decreased size of epiphyseal cartilage plate, as well as increased density in the metaphyseal zone with trabeculae that were greater in number and extended further into the diaphysis to a greater extent, compared to a control rabbit. The trabeculae were associated with a greater amount of calcified cartilage matrix. These effects probably resulted from a decrease in the normal rate of bone resorption during bone growth, resulting in decreased rate of growth of the tibia. Weanling rats exposed to 1.25 mg/kg/day white phosphorus in the feed for an intermediate duration had widening of the metaphyseal trabeculae, broadened metaphysis, and a slightly convex lateral contour of the proximal tibia, compared to a control group (Whalen et al. 1973). Osteocytes were small and elongated compared to those in the control group, and osteocytic osteolysis and chondrolysis were decreased or missing. In the treated rats, metaphyseal trabeculae extended deeper into the diaphysis than in the controls. These effects probably resulted from decreased bone resorption during bone growth, resulting in widening trabeculae and a denser metaphysis. Very similar results were observed in studies on growing rats (Adams and Sarnat 1940) and rabbits, but not in an adult rabbit (Adams 1938b). In rats, the doses varied from 0.002% to 0.05% yellow phosphorus (Adams and Sarnat 1940) and in rabbits, from 0.6 to 6 mg (Adams 1938b; Adams and Samat 1940). A decrease in the number of viable pups and an increase in the number of stillborn pups was observed in the F1a and F1b offspring of rats exposed to 0.075 mg/kg/day; however, the incidence was not significantly (p 0.05) different from controls (IRDC 1985). These effects were not seen in a similarly designed reproduction study in which rats were administered 0.075 mg/kg/day (Bio/dynamics 1991). Neither of these studies found any significant differences in the occurrence of malformations or anomalies. These NOAEL and LOAEL values from each reliable study for developmental effects in rats are recorded in Table 2-2 and plotted in Figure 2-2. 2.2.2.7 Genotoxic Effects No studies were located regarding genotoxic effects in humans or animals after oral exposure to white phosphorus. Genotoxicity studies are discussed in Section 2.5. 2.2.2.8 Cancer No studies were located regarding cancer in humans or after oral exposure to white phosphorus. In the only chronic duration oral study in animals, no treatment-related histopathological lesions were observed in the lungs or other organs (not otherwise specified) in rats given .1.6 mg/kg/day white phosphorus in the diet for up to 479 days (Fleming et al. 1942). Only six rats per dose group were used. 2.2 DISCUSSION OF HEALTH EFFECTS BY ROUTE OF EXPOSURE