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This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject.Please help recruit one or improve this article yourself. See the talk page for details. For a pre-Renewal version of this article, click here. Job Base(s) Swordman Job Type 2-1 Changes At Prontera× Chivalry Number of Skills 10 Total Skill Points 76 Total Quest Skills 1 Job Bonuses STR AGI VIT INT DEX LUK +8 +2 +10 +0 +6 +4 +← クリックで目次を開く Overview Job Change Guide BuildsHybrid AGI Two-Hand Sword VIT SVD AGI-Spear AGI-Crit Muramasa EquipmentTanking/Pure Defensive Leveling/+Damage EXP MvP (Killing) PvP WoE Class DataSkills Quest Skills Soul Link Job Bonuses ASPD External Links Overview The Knight class is the primary second job for the Swordman class. Being a hack and slash type of character, Knights are granted access to a new mastery that will open a new type of weapon to wield aside from the Swordman s swords. They are also allowed to acquire powerful AoE× skills like the famed Bowling Bash× and the spear× exclusive skill, Brandish Spear×. Job Change Guide See Knight Job Change Guide for detailed information. Changing into a Knight from a Swordman requires the player to complete a number of tasks Item Collection A Written Test Battle Test Word Association Quiz A test of self control Personality Quiz After completing these tests, the player will be transformed into a Knight. All this takes place inside the Prontera× Chivalry (Prontera xx, yy). Builds This page has been marked as being in need of links to other iRO Wiki pages. Hybrid STR 70-90 AGI 60-90 VIT 60-90 INT 1 DEX 40-50 LUK 1 Weapon Elemental× or Card×ed Spear×s or Two Handed Sword×s These knights try to get the best of both realms. By having a good chemistry of AGI× and VIT× depending on the user s playing style, they gain survivability in some areas while losing it in others. Hybrids are denoted by which stat is the highest. AGI-VIT Knights usually stick with a setup similar to an AGI knight. VIT-AGI Knights, likewise, generally stay with the setup of a VIT Knight. Ranking by efficiency, players tend to use AGI-VIT combination because of its higher ASPD× which allows players to do Pierce× chaining or if not solo with Twohand Quicken× with a decent ASPD. This build was the best for pre-Transcendent patch Knight dueling. AGI Two-Hand Sword STR 90-100 AGI 80-99 VIT 10-30+ INT 1 DEX 40-60 LUK 1-10 Weapons Elemental Two Handed Swords or Carded Two Handed Swords AGI Knights believe that the best way to decrease damage is to prevent it from ever happening. They have high ASPD and flee×, but vitality, and by extention health, are low compared to other Knights. Additionally, using two-handed swords pushes their attack power higher than most VIT Knights. Their main method of attack is Twohand Quicken, which increases ASPD by 30%. When faced with multiple foes, they break out Bowling Bash. Finally, Counter Attack× allows for a higher critical chance against evasive or fortified foes. VIT STR 80+ AGI 1-20+ VIT 90-100 INT 1-12 DEX 40 LUK 1 Weapon Elemental or Carded One or Two-Handed Spears VIT Knights are good tanks in Ragnarok Online. They have the highest health and good defense rate, and unlike agility Knights, they usually use shields for added defense and Spear type weaponry. Levels mostly by mobbing, utilizing their tanking ability. SVD STR 100+ AGI 40 VIT 80 INT 1-30 DEX 45-60 LUK 1 Weapon Elemental or Carded One or Two-Handed Spears SVD Knights (STR×/VIT/DEX×) may seem similar to VIT Knights, but they have more uses than just being meatshields. Their damage output is higher while maintaining decent VIT, allowing them to excel at MvP×ing or PvP× in comparison. The typical SVD knight will level primarily on Large sized monsters utilizing pierce or they will make use of Bowling Bash or Brandish Spear for mobbing. Strength should be 100 at a minimum, most knights typically get around 120. This allows knights to be able to gain 1-hit-KO against High Orcs and possibly Minorous. At later levels, these knights will typically go to Thor s volcano and use pierce against Kasas. Intelligence is a variable stat, and general consensus seems to be that at least 12 points in it is necessary. If the player is able to gain 1-hit-KOs while using an Earth Deleter Card, no intelligence may be needed. Agility is not for defence and should only be gotten for the purpose of using Pierce at a faster rate. AGI-Spear STR 100-110 AGI 70+ VIT 40+ INT 1 DEX 40+ LUK 1 Weapons Elemental or Carded Spears Another type of AGI Knights are those who use Spear type weapons. Using high AGI to decrease the ASPD delay of Pierce, AGI Spear Knights can dish out high amounts of damage using elemental spears to rapidly use Pierce on large size monsters. One famous leveling method is Pierce chaining with Aspersio× in Chivalry against Raydrics to Abysmal Knights. The intention of this build, unlike the Two-Handed Sword build is not to dodge 95%, but to deal damage with rapid Pierce and sometimes AoEs before the enemy can do harm to you. For that reason, AGI Spear Knights often have more STR than AGI. AGI-Crit STR 70-80+ AGI 70-90+ VIT 1-30 INT 1 DEX 1-20 LUK 30+ Weapon Carded Two Handed Swords, Muramasa The AGI-Critical aka AGI-LUK Knight is essentially a knight with crit-sin stats. The advantages to this are obvious, Knights have more health than assassins, a passive health regeneration, and are also capable of attaining higher attack speeds. However, this will not be able to match the critical rate of an Assassin, and will have significantly less flee. With the advent of Soul Linkers, this build is much more viable, as even higher ASPD can now be attained with a sword and shield. Muramasa LUK BaseLv + 1 Remaining stats are left to the reader s discretion. This is a special build that relies on the usage of the weapon called Muramasa. Because the Muramasa curse×s the wielder randomly, if the player has one more point of total LUK than their baselevel, the curse effect can be negated. The Morrigane gear set helps immensely with this build, as it lowers the base luk required to meet the curse immunity requirement, as well as giving a large amount of crit and lucky/perfect dodge. Equipment Most Knights have different sets of gear for special purposes, regardless of what their build is. Items from these sets are interchangeable, while some are very situational. For example, a Combat Knife may prove to be more useful than a Fortune Sword in a map rich with Demi Human× monsters, but not against any other race of monsters. These are merely suggestions and examples; the reader should know what exactly best fits them. It also focuses on armor equipment, not just weapons. Note this guide is outdated in some areas as a lot of ingame content has changed, it s a year old, don t quote Rav on it. The guide was also intended for Knights not yet transcended to Lord Knights, hence the lack of Valkyrie Armor and some other weapons. The role of a Knight in WoE used to be more supportive, few ever Provoke×s (or have in the history of Ragnarok Online) and it wouldn t make much of a difference now anyway (aside from everyone having Evil Druid carded armor). Armor switching is also becoming increasing useless. Ultimately, most Knights and Lord Knights brute force their way through PvP/WoE, and it is unlikely there will be a complete detailed guide about either class so play however. Just don t be stupid and miss out on Spear Stab×. +冗長過ぎる Tanking/Pure Defensive All Knights once shared the same goal of obtaining over 80 DEF×. While this is no longer as desirable for WoE×/PvP with the addition of many defense-ignoring skills or items such as the Ice Pick×, it is still a successful set up for PvM. These armors reduce damage received, which is helpful for tanking MvPs or mobbing. NotesIn short, use armor with the highest base DEF and a high upgrade. +10 would reduce the most damage, but +7s can suffice. Also use equipment that provides considerable Perfect Dodge×. Using armor with high base DEF is important a +6 Cap (4 base DEF) and a +4 Helm (6 base DEF) may appear to have the same overall armor DEF (10). However, each upgrade only adds +2/3 defense. The Cap, in truth, supplies 8 DEF while the Helm delivers 8.67 Sometimes the highest base DEF gear is too limited to over-upgrade. Move onto the second best. Top headgear Helm (6 DEF) Bone Helm (7 DEF) Middle headgear Fin Helm (2 DEF) Lower headgear Iron Cain (1 DEF) Body armor Full Plate [1] (10 DEF) Chainmail [1] (8 DEF) Cards MvPs usually break body armor; Cornutus card prevent this and add 1 DEF. Select monsters use elemental skills that require elemental armor for resistance. Against Dark Lord , a Pasana card ed armor would reduce its painful Meteor Storm× to 25% of the original damage. For general tanking, Peco Peco and sometimes Steel Chonchon cards are still employed. Garment Manteau [1] (4 DEF) Pauldron [1] (5 DEF) Cards Raydric card reduces Neutral damage by 20%. Frequently the best garment card to choose for this purpose. Shield Shield [1] (6 DEF) Cards Racial cards (-30% damage from respective race). Some races lack this kind of card, such as Undead×. In this case, size cards (-25% from respective size, i.e. Mysteltainn -25% from small 1 DEF) can be used. Medusa card ed shields are preferred against Osiris , to counter its Stone Curse×. Footgear Boots [1] (4 DEF) Greaves [1] (5 DEF) Cards Upgrade under +9 - Verit (+8% HP×/SP×), Matyr (+10% HP, AGI +1). Upgrade +9 or more - Firelock Soldier (+10% HP/SP, STR +2). Accessories Safety Ring (3 DEF, 3 MDEF×) Yoyo card ed (Perfect Dodge +5, AGI +1), preferably in Slotted Rosaries (3 MDEF, LUK× +1) Weapons Anything that adds Perfect Dodge or reduces damage. Fortune Sword (Perfect Dodge +20, LUK +5) Combat Knife (-10% damage from Demi Humans) Leveling/+Damage EXP Leveling equipment is the most diverse – nearly anything can be worn. All defensive gear can be replaced with low DEF stat-increasing gear to level faster at the cost of becoming exceptionally vulnerable to monster attacks. Conversely, a financially lacking player might not do so, to reduce Potion consumption. These are some ideas for gear that will contribute to damage output or increased EXP gain if used properly. They will not enable its user to level faster if they die more than it is worth, or are not able to "take on" as many monsters. NotesAny gear that amplifies SP, ATK×, STR, AGI, CRIT will hopefully increase damage output. Achieving strength bonuses always take priority over reaching higher ASPD. When leveling with Brandish Spear or Bowling Bash, +AGI or CRIT gear is nearly useless. Top headgear Slotted Baseball Cap , Cap , Helm, etc with cards Willow (SP +80) / Carat (SP +150 if over +8) / Deviruchi (STR +1) / Nightmare (AGI +1) / Cramp (STR +3 if worn with Tarou Card ) Anything that increases SP or adds stats that benefit DPM Crown of Mistress (SP +100, INT× +2), Ghost Bandana (AGI +2), Hot-blooded Headband (STR +2) Middle headgear Slotted Sunglasses / Glasses with cards suggested for the top headgear, save Carat card Evil Wing Ears (STR +1) Body armor Elemental cards previously mentioned take priority if an elemental attack is too powerful. Otherwise, cards Picky (ATK +10, STR +1), Thief Bug (AGI +1), Pupa (HP +700) Garment Bapho Jr card (AGI +3, CRIT +1) Shield If handling one, racial/size cards. Two handed weapons generally have more ATK, but shields are a nice way of compensating for lack of DEF. Footgear 10% EXP gained and +20% increased damage cards (i.e. Am Mut ; 10% more EXP is gained for every Demi Human monster killed, but each Demi Human monster deals 20% more damage) Cards Male Thiefbug (AGI +2), Firelock Soldier (HP/SP +10%- if footgear is upgraded to +9 or higher, STR +2), Sohee (SP +15%, SP recovery +3%) Accessories If meleeing, Kobold card s (CRIT +4, STR +1) preferably in Brooch es [1] or Ring s [1] if level 90+ Mantis card s (STR +3), preferably in Rings [1] for an easy STR +8 The Sign (ATK +5%) MvP (Killing) Killing MvPs with intent to be the MvPer is different from tanking them, although a lot of the same gear can be carried over. Receiving damage from MvPs rewards tank damage points, so taking as much damage as possible may be ideal. If this is too risky, do not substitute any defense gear for damage gear, besides Safety Rings for Muscle Rings or The Sign. Remember to always use Immortal /correct elemental armor when needed. The weapons used should be very specific to what is being killed. Putting aside Abysmal Knight card s, the best carded weapons are achieved by combing race, element, and size cards. Race and element cards add +20% damage to a specific race, while size cards add +15% damage to a specific sized monster and +5 ATK. If MvPing with Pierce, use a +10 four slotted "2 1 1" Pike. The numbers in "2 1 1" indicate it either has two race cards, one element card, one size card or two element cards, one race card, one size card If a race card is unavailable, use 3 element cards and 1 size card or 2 element cards and 2 size cards (3 1 or 2 2). Likewise if an element card is unavailable. If both race and element do not exist, a quadruple size weapon can be considered. The same method can be used with Katanas, if MvPing with Bowling Bash, although they require high STR to out damage two slotted Two Handed Swords. Sabers only have three slots max, so a 2 1 or 1 1 1 must be made. 2 1 - 2x element 1x race or 2x race 1x element 1 1 1 - 1x element 1x race 1x size Other weapons to consider Ice Pick, Tridents , Brocca PvP PvP× demands excessive armor switching to combat statuses and elements. Defensive gear is useful against most Enchant Deadly Poison× Sonic Blows×, and Double Strafing×, but otherwise reduction gear prevails. A moderate amount of MDEF is good, but it is often overrated 80 MDEF makes Knights susceptible to too much, and isn t needed when little damage is taken with half the MDEF and elemental armors. NotesSTR gear can be used. The extra damage taken from slapping on STR gear is as overrated as 80 MDEF is. Don t forget to bring items like Green Potions to cure the silence× status, or Holy Water to cure curse. Endow Scrolls and Cursed Water are also accommodating. Top headgear Poo Poo Hat (-10% from Demi Humans, 0 DEF - no additional damage taken from Ice Picks) Drooping Cat (15 MDEF, curse resistance +30% - should not be necessary) Middle headgear Cards Willow (SP +80), Nightmare (AGI +1 but also grants immunity to the Sleep× status which can be devastating), Marduk (grants immunity to the Silence status – only to be switched on if Green Potion supply is being threatened) Body armor Elemental armors, if used properly, can reduce more damage than any other piece of equipment in PvP. It is suggested that they are kept in separate types of armor for quick equipping. Key elements Poison ( Argiope card ), Undead× ( Evil Druid card - also stops Stone Curse× and Frozen×), Wind ( Dokebi card ), Shadow× ( Bathory card ), Ghost× ( Ghostring card ), Fire (Pasana card). Unfrozen Silk Robe [1] (+5% resistance to Water attacks, can no longer be frozen 10 MDEF) Garment Ragamuffin (10 MDEF) Cards -30% from element cards (i.e. Dustiness ), Raydric, Frilldora Shield Cranial Mirror Shield [1] (-30% from Demi Humans 4 DEF, 5 MDEF) Cranial Valkyrie Shield × [1] Footgear Crystal Pumps (10 MDEF, LUK +5 – a lot of HP is lost using these instead of carded footgear) Cards Verit (+8% HP/SP), Matyr (+10% HP, AGI +1), Firelock Soldier (+10% HP/SP, STR +2) Accessories Unslotted Rosaries (5 MDEF each) Cards Alligator (5% less damage from ranged and targeted magic attacks each) preferably in Slotted Rosaries (3 MDEF) if level 90+, Horong (enables use of Sight×), Smokie (enables use of level 1 Hide×) Weapons Hydra Skeleton Worker card ed weapons, Ice Pick, etc. Status inflicting weapons (i.e. quadruple stun×, quadruple curse) WoE Most of the PvP gear can be transferred to WoE. Skills and ranged attacks don’t do as much damage however, so not as much gear is mandatory. The most vital are Unfrozen Armor Cranial Shield Status Weapons As a normal Knight, do not focus primarily on killing people - STR gear is not needed. Spamming Provoke on enemy wizards or stat using people to aid guild members or allies is more beneficial. Against the Emperium, Ice Picks are the best weapon available, coupled with Cursed Water. Evil Druid armor is helpful at the Emperium to negate Aspersio from enemy Priests, although another Cursed Water can simply be consumed or weapon switched to remove the Holy× property. Class Data Skills See Swordman Skills for first class skills. Skill Description Levels Type Bowling Bash× Knock targets backward, causing up to 500% damage in a 3x3 cell area that hits twice. 10 Offensive Brandish Spear× Attacks an area of ememies around the caster. Damage for each enemy increases the closer they are to the caster. 10 Offensive Cavalier Mastery× At maximum level removes the 50% ASPD penalty when riding a Peco Peco×. 5 Passive Counter Attack× Block an enemy s attack and automatically perform one critical attack on them, ending the Counter Attack stance. 5 Active Peco Peco Ride× Enables Knights or Crusaders to ride a Peco Peco. 1 Passive Pierce× Strikes a single target for an amount of hits based on target s size. Requires a Spear class weapon. 10 Offensive Spear Boomerang× Must be wielding a Spear weapon. Throws the equipped spear at a single target (the spear does not require retrieval). 5 ffensive Spear Mastery× Adds +4 ATK per skill level to Spear weapons. If the player is riding a PecoPeco, an additional +1 ATK per skill level is added. 10 Passive Spear Stab× Strikes a target enemy and all enemies in a line between the player and the target. Requires a Spear. All struck enemies are knocked back 6 cells. 10 Offensive Twohand Quicken× Temporarily increase Attack Speed when a Two Handed Sword weapon is equipped for the skill s duration. 10 Supportive Quest Skills Skill Description Levels Type Job Level Requirement Quest Charge Attack× Ranged attack Rush a target, dealing more damage depending on how far away you are from it. 1 Offensive 40 Charge Attack Quest Soul Link Knight Spirit enables use of Skill Description Levels Type One-Hand Quicken× Temporarily increase ASPD by 30% when wielding One-Handed Swords. 1 Supportive Job Bonuses The Levels in which one receives a certain bonus Stat\Amount +1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 +9 +10 STR 4 10 15 21 27 33 46 47 AGI 13 38 VIT 1 3 8 12 17 18 23 29 36 43 INT DEX 5 20 31 40 48 49 LUK 5 20 28 37 ASPD This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject.Please help recruit one or improve this article yourself. See the talk page for details. External Links -Knight ・ Lord Knight ・ Rune Knight Knight ・ Lord Knight ・ Rune Knight 2nd ClassSkills Bowling Bash× ・ Brandish Spear× ・ Cavalier Mastery× ・ Charge Attack× ・ Counter Attack× ・ One-Hand Quicken× ・ Peco Peco Ride× ・ Pierce× ・ Spear Boomerang× ・ Spear Mastery× ・ Spear Stab× ・ Twohand Quicken× TranscendentSkills Aura Blade× ・ Clashing Spiral× ・ Frenzy× ・ Fury (2)× ・ Parry× ・ Relax× ・ Spear Dynamo× ・ Traumatic Blow× ・ Vital Strike× 3rd ClassSkills Death Bound× ・ Dragon Breath× ・ Dragon Howling× ・ Dragon Training× ・ Enchant Blade× ・ Hundred Spears× ・ Ignition Break× ・ Phantom Thrust× ・ Rune Mastery× ・ Sonic Wave× ・ Wind Cutter× Quests Knight Job Change Guide ・ Knight Skill Quest ・ Rebirth Walkthrough ・ Rune Knight Job Change Guide Weapons× One Handed Sword× ・ Spear× ・ Two Handed Sword× -Classes of Ragnarok Online Classes of Ragnarok Online Novice Class Novice ・ High Novice ・ Super Novice First Class / High First Class Acolyte ・ Archer ・ Mage ・ Merchant ・ Swordman ・ Thief Second Class Priest ・ Monk ・ Hunter ・ Bard ・ Dancer ・ Wizard ・ Sage ・ Blacksmith ・ Alchemist ・ Knight ・ Crusader ・ Assassin ・ Rogue Transcendent Second Class High Priest ・ Champion ・ Sniper ・ Minstrel ・ Gypsy ・ High Wizard ・ Scholar ・ Mastersmith ・ Biochemist ・ Lord Knight ・ Paladin ・ Assassin Cross ・ Stalker Third Class Arch Bishop ・ Sura ・ Ranger ・ Maestro ・ Wanderer ・ Warlock ・ Sorcerer ・ Mechanic ・ Geneticist ・ Rune Knight ・ Royal Guard ・ Guillotine Cross ・ Shadow Chaser Expanded Class Gunslinger ・ Ninja ・ TaeKwon Kid Expanded Second Class TaeKwon Master ・ Soul Linker ・ Kagerou ・ Oboro ・ Rebel× Doram Summoner Categories Pages needing expert attention | Knight | Classes | Swordman | Articles Needing Interwiki Links
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TEC-/- BTK-/- double mutant T cells exhibit severely impaired T cell activitity. RLK-/-ITK-/- double mutant celles exhibit severely imparired Th2 responses. Grb2(+/-) mice disrupt T cell signaling networks and development. Dendric cells and macrophages of MEK3 deficient mice have impaired IL12 production. Bam32(-/-) B cell develop normally but have impaired T-independent antibody responses in vivo. T-cell and B-cell of RAP1A deficient mice impair integrin-mediated cell adhesion. T-cell of WASP deficient mice impair the proliferaction and antigen receptor cap formation in response to anti-CD3zeta stimulation. T-cell of SHB defective mice impair the phosphorylation of LAT and consequently the activation of MAP kinase pathways. B-cell of 3BP2 (-/-) deficient mice have defective in proliferation, cell cycle progression, PLC-gamma2 phosphorylation, calcium mobilization, NF-ATp dephosphorylation, and Erk and Jnk activation in response to BCR ligation. B-cell of Vav2(-/-) deficient mice are defective in the ability to switch immunoglobulin class. T-cell of Vav1(-/-) deficient mice exhibit impaired antigen receptor signaling. Vav1(-/-)Vav2(-/-) mice exhibit greatly reduced the mature B-cells. Vav-1-/-Vav-2-/- B cells were unresponsive to BCR-driven proliferation in vitro and to thymus-indepen-dent antigen in vivo. Fyn-deficient mice exhibit a remarkably specific lymphoid defect thymocytes are refractile to stimulation through the TCR with mitogen or antigen. Lck-deficient mice show a pronounced thymic atrophy, with a dramatic reduction in the double-positive (CD4+CD8+) thymocyte population. T cell from mice deficient in LCK is required for normal signal transduction through the TCR. T cells from mice deficient in SLAP-130/Fyb show markedly impaired proliferation. B cell of chicken deficient ITK reduce IP3 generation and phospholipase C gamma 2 tyrosine phosphorylation. T cell of mice deficient ITK reduce IP3 generation and phospholipase C gamma 1 tyrosine phosphorylation. T cell of mice deficient ITK have failure of Th2 development. Mice deficient in ITK have reduced proliferative responses to MHC stimulation and to anti-TCR cross-linking Mutations in Btk cause X-linked immunodeficiency. Gads(GRAP2) has a role in thymocyte proliferaction for maturation of T-cells. Gads(GRAP2) has a role for homeostatic proliferaction in B cells. Grap negatively regulates T-cell proliferation. Gab2 is a substrate of ZAP-70 and functions as a switch molecule toward inhibition of TCR signal transuduction. B cell signaling causes tyrosine phosphorylation of Gab1, and in turn SHP2 bind to Gab1 Gab1 phosophorylation potentiate the phosphorylation of Akt, PI3K-dependent response. RasGRP1 mediates Ras activation following TCR stimulatioin. RasGRP1 and RasGRP3 induces RAS activation in B-cell to response to T-cell stimulation. Grb2-hSos1-PLCgamma1-p36/p38-ZAP70 complexes localize in the vicinity of TCR-zeta Gads(Grap2) plays an important role in T-cell signaling via its association with SLP-76 and LAT. Lck is required for normal signal transduction through the TCR. ZAP-70 plays crucial roles in T-cell activation and development. Syk triggers cellular activation in T-cell. TEC-/- BTK-/- double mutant T cells exhibit severely impaired T cell activitity. 1 J Exp Med. 2000 Dec 4;192(11) 1611-24. Severe B cell deficiency in mice lacking the tec kinase family members Tec and Btk. Ellmeier W, Jung S, Sunshine MJ, Hatam F, Xu Y, Baltimore D, Mano H, Littman DR. Molecular Pathogenesis Program, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine. wilfried.ellmeier@univie.ac.at The cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinase Tec has been proposed to have important functions in hematopoiesis and lymphocyte signal transduction. Here we show that Tec-deficient mice developed normally and had no major phenotypic alterations of the immune system. To reveal potential compensatory roles of other Tec kinases such as Bruton s tyrosine kinase (Btk), Tec/Btk double-deficient mice were generated. These mice exhibited a block at the B220(+)CD43(+) stage of B cell development and displayed a severe reduction of peripheral B cell numbers, particularly immunoglobulin (Ig)M(lo)IgD(hi) B cells. Although Tec/Btk(null) mice were able to form germinal centers, the response to T cell-dependent antigens was impaired. Thus, Tec and Btk together have an important role both during B cell development and in the generation and/or function of the peripheral B cell pool. The ability of Tec to compensate for Btk may also explain phenotypic differences in X-linked immunodeficiency (xid) mice compared with human X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) patients. Publication Types Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov t PMID 11104803 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] RLK-/-ITK-/- double mutant celles exhibit severely imparired Th2 responses. 1 Nat Immunol. 2001 Dec;2(12) 1183-8. Mutation of Tec family kinases alters T helper cell differentiation. Schaeffer EM, Yap GS, Lewis CM, Czar MJ, McVicar DW, Cheever AW, Sher A, Schwartzberg PL. National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. The Tec kinases Rlk and Itk are critical for full T cell receptor (TCR)-induced activation of phospholipase C-gamma and mitogen-activated protein kinase. We show here that the mutation of Rlk and Itk impaired activation of the transcription factors NFAT and AP-1 and production of both T helper type 1 (TH1) and TH2 cytokines. Consistent with these biochemical defects, Itk-/- mice did not generate effective TH2 responses when challenged with Schistosoma mansoni eggs. Paradoxically, the more severely impaired Rlk-/-Itk-/- mice were able to mount a TH2 response and produced TH2 cytokines in response to this challenge. In addition, Rlk-/-Itk-/- cells showed impaired TCR-induced repression of the TH2-inducing transcription factor GATA-3, suggesting a potential mechanism for TH2 development in these hyporesponsive cells. Thus, mutations that affect Tec kinases lead to complex alterations in CD4+ TH cell differentiation. Publication Types Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov t Research Support, U.S. Gov t, P.H.S. PMID 11702066 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Grb2(+/-) mice disrupt T cell signaling networks and development. 1 Nat Immunol. 2001 Jan;2(1) 29-36. Disruption of T cell signaling networks and development by Grb2 haploid insufficiency. Gong Q, Cheng AM, Akk AM, Alberola-Ila J, Gong G, Pawson T, Chan AC. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. The developmental processes of positive and negative selection in the thymus shape the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) repertoire and require the integration of multiple signaling networks. These networks involve the efficient assembly of macromolecular complexes and are mediated by multimodular adaptor proteins that permit the functional integration of distinct signaling molecules. We show here that decreased expression of the adaptor protein Grb2 in Grb2+/- mice weakens TCR-induced c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38, but not extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), activation. In turn, this selective effect decreases the ability of thymocytes to undergo negative, but not positive, selection. We also show that there are differences in the signaling thresholds of the three mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) families. These differences may provide a mechanism by which quantitative differences in signal strength can alter the balance of downstream signaling pathways to induce the qualitatively distinct biological outcomes of proliferation, differentiation or apoptosis. PMID 11135575 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Dendric cells and macrophages of MEK3 deficient mice have impaired IL12 production. 1 EMBO J. 1999 Apr 1;18(7) 1845-57. Defective IL-12 production in mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase kinase 3 (Mkk3)-deficient mice. Lu HT, Yang DD, Wysk M, Gatti E, Mellman I, Davis RJ, Flavell RA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Section of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. The p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, like the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) MAPK pathway, is activated in response to cellular stress and inflammation and is involved in many fundamental biological processes. To study the role of the p38 MAPK pathway in vivo, we have used homologous recombination in mice to inactivate the Mkk3 gene, one of the two specific MAPK kinases (MAPKKs) that activate p38 MAPK. Mkk3(-/-) mice were viable and fertile; however, they were defective in interleukin-12 (IL-12) production by macrophages and dendritic cells. Interferon-gamma production following immunization with protein antigens and in vitro differentiation of naive T cells is greatly reduced, suggesting an impaired type I cytokine immune response. The effect of the p38 MAPK pathway on IL-12 expression is at least partly transcriptional, since inhibition of this pathway blocks IL-12 p40 promoter activity in macrophage cell lines and IL-12 p40 mRNA is reduced in MKK3-deficient mice. We conclude that the p38 MAP kinase, activated through MKK3, is required for the production of inflammatory cytokines by both antigen-presenting cells and CD4(+) T cells. PMID 10202148 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Bam32(-/-) B cell develop normally but have impaired T-independent antibody responses in vivo. 1 Immunity. 2003 Oct;19(4) 621-32. Bam32 links the B cell receptor to ERK and JNK and mediates B cell proliferation but not survival. Han A, Saijo K, Mecklenbrauker I, Tarakhovsky A, Nussenzweig MC. Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA. Bam32 is an adaptor protein recruited to the plasma membrane upon B cell receptor (BCR) crosslinking in a phosphoinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-dependent manner; however, its physiologic function is unclear. To determine its physiologic function, we produced Bam32-deficient mice. Bam32(-/-) B cells develop normally but have impaired T-independent antibody responses in vivo and diminished responses to BCR crosslinking in vitro. Biochemical analysis revealed that Bam32 acts in a novel pathway leading from the BCR to MAPK/ERK Kinases (MEK1/2), MAPK/ERK Kinase Kinase-1 (MEKK1), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and c-jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), but not p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38). This pathway appears to be initiated by hematopoietic progenitor kinase-1 (HPK1), which interacts directly with Bam32, and differs from all previously characterized BCR signaling pathways in that it is required for normal BCR-mediated proliferation but not for B cell survival. PMID 14563325 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] T-cell and B-cell of RAP1A deficient mice impair integrin-mediated cell adhesion. 1 Mol Cell Biol. 2006 Jan;26(2) 643-53. Rap1A-deficient T and B cells show impaired integrin-mediated cell adhesion. Duchniewicz M, Zemojtel T, Kolanczyk M, Grossmann S, Scheele JS, Zwartkruis FJ. Department of Computational Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 73, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. Studies in tissue culture cells have demonstrated a role for the Ras-like GTPase Rap1 in the regulation of integrin-mediated cell-matrix and cadherin-mediated cell-cell contacts. To analyze the function of Rap1 in vivo, we have disrupted the Rap1A gene by homologous recombination. Mice homozygous for the deletion allele are viable and fertile. However, primary hematopoietic cells isolated from spleen or thymus have a diminished adhesive capacity on ICAM and fibronectin substrates. In addition, polarization of T cells from Rap1-/- cells after CD3 stimulation was impaired compared to that of wild-type cells. Despite this, these defects did not result in hematopoietic or cell homing abnormalities. Although it is possible that the relatively mild phenotype is a consequence of functional complementation by the Rap1B gene, our genetic studies confirm a role for Rap1A in the regulation of integrins. PMID 16382154 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] T-cell of WASP deficient mice impair the proliferaction and antigen receptor cap formation in response to anti-CD3zeta stimulation. 1 Immunity. 1998 Jul;9(1) 81-91. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein-deficient mice reveal a role for WASP in T but not B cell activation. Snapper SB, Rosen FS, Mizoguchi E, Cohen P, Khan W, Liu CH, Hagemann TL, Kwan SP, Ferrini R, Davidson L, Bhan AK, Alt FW. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Children s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. The Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a human X-linked immunodeficiency resulting from mutations in a gene (WASP) encoding a cytoplasmic protein implicated in regulating the actin cytoskeleton. To elucidate WASP function, we disrupted the WASP gene in mice by gene-targeted mutation. WASP-deficient mice showed apparently normal lymphocyte development, normal serum immunoglobulin levels, and the capacity to respond to both T-dependent and T-independent type II antigens. However, these mice did have decreased peripheral blood lymphocyte and platelet numbers and developed chronic colitis. Moreover, purified WASP-deficient T cells showed markedly impaired proliferation and antigen receptor cap formation in response to anti-CD3epsilon stimulation. Yet, purified WASP-deficient B cells showed normal responses to anti-Ig stimulation. We discuss the implications of our findings regarding WASP function in receptor signaling and cytoskeletal reorganization in T and B cells and compare the effects of WASP deficiency in mice and humans. PMID 9697838 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] T-cell of SHB defective mice impair the phosphorylation of LAT and consequently the activation of MAP kinase pathways. 9 Sep 24;274(39) 28050-7. Requirement of the Src homology 2 domain protein Shb for T cell receptor-dependent activation of the interleukin-2 gene nuclear factor for activation of T cells element in Jurkat T cells. Lindholm CK, Gylfe E, Zhang W, Samelson LE, Welsh M. Department of Medical Cell Biology, Box 571, Biomedicum, Uppsala University, S-75123 Uppsala, Sweden. Stimulation of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) induces tyrosine phosphorylation of numerous intracellular proteins. We have recently investigated the role of the adaptor protein Shb in the early events of T cell signaling and observed that Shb associates with Grb2, linker for activation of T cells (LAT) and the TCR zeta-chain in Jurkat cells. We now report that Shb also associates with phospholipase C-gamma1 (PLC-gamma1) in these cells. Overexpression of Src homology 2 domain defective Shb caused diminished phosphorylation of LAT and consequently the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases was decreased upon TCR stimulation. In addition, the Shb mutant also blocked phosphorylation of PLC-gamma1 and the increase in cytoplasmic Ca(2+) following TCR stimulation. Nuclear factor for activation of T cells is a major target for Ras and calcium signaling pathways in T cells following TCR stimulation, and the overexpression of the mutant Shb prevented TCR-dependent activation of the nuclear factor for activation of T cells. Consequently, endogenous interleukin-2 production was decreased under these conditions. The results indicate a role for Shb as a link between the TCR and downstream signaling events involving LAT and PLC-gamma1 and resulting in the activation of transcription of the interleukin-2 gene. PMID 10488157 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] B-cell of 3BP2 (-/-) deficient mice have defective in proliferation, cell cycle progression, PLC-gamma2 phosphorylation, calcium mobilization, NF-ATp dephosphorylation, and Erk and Jnk activation in response to BCR ligation. 1 Mol Cell Biol. 2006 Jul;26(14) 5214-25. 3BP2 deficiency impairs the response of B cells, but not T cells, to antigen receptor ligation. de la Fuente MA, Kumar L, Lu B, Geha RS. Division of Immunology, Children s Hospital, 300 Longwood Ave., Boston, MA 02115, USA. The adapter protein 3BP2 is expressed in lymphocytes; binds to Syk/ZAP-70, Vav, and phospholipase C-gamma (PLC-gamma); and is thought to be important for interleukin-2 gene transcription in T cells. To define the role of 3BP2 in lymphocyte development and function, we generated 3BP2-deficient mice. T-cell development, proliferation, cytokine secretion, and signaling in response to T-cell receptor (TCR) ligation were all normal in 3BP2(-/-) mice. 3BP2(-/-) mice had increased accumulation of pre-B cells in the bone marrow and a block in the progression of transitional B cells in the spleen from the T1 to the T2 stage, but normal numbers of mature B cells. B-cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, PLC-gamma2 phosphorylation, calcium mobilization, NF-ATp dephosphorylation, and Erk and Jnk activation in response to B-cell receptor (BCR) ligation were all impaired. These results suggest that 3BP2 is important for BCR, but not for TCR signaling. PMID 16809760 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] B-cell of Vav2(-/-) deficient mice are defective in the ability to switch immunoglobulin class. 1 Nat Immunol. 2001 Jun;2(6) 542-7. Comment in Nat Immunol. 2001 Jun;2(6) 482-4. Signal transduction through Vav-2 participates in humoral immune responses and B cell maturation. Doody GM, Bell SE, Vigorito E, Clayton E, McAdam S, Tooze R, Fernandez C, Lee IJ, Turner M. Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signaling and Development, Molecular Immunology Programme, The Babraham Institute, Babraham, Cambridge CB2 4AT, UK. B and T lymphocytes develop normally in mice lacking the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav-2. However, the immune responses to type II thymus-independent antigen as well as the primary response to thymus-dependent (TD) antigen are defective. Vav-2-deficient mice are also defective in their ability to switch immunoglobulin class, form germinal centers and generate secondary immune responses to TD antigens. Mice lacking both Vav-1 and Vav-2 contain reduced numbers of B lymphocytes and display a maturational block in the development of mature B cells. B cells from Vav-1(-/-)Vav-2(-/-) mice respond poorly to antigen receptor triggering, both in terms of proliferation and calcium release. These studies show the importance of Vav-2 in humoral immune responses and B cell maturation. PMID 11376342 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] T-cell of Vav1(-/-) deficient mice exhibit impaired antigen receptor signaling. 1 Nature. 1995 Mar 30;374(6521) 474-7. Defective T-cell receptor signalling and positive selection of Vav-deficient CD4+ CD8+ thymocytes. Fischer KD, Zmuldzinas A, Gardner S, Barbacid M, Bernstein A, Guidos C. Program in Molecular Biology and Cancer, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. During lymphocyte development, cellular proliferation and positive and negative selection events ensure the production of T and B lymphocytes bearing highly diverse, but self-tolerant, repertoires of antigen receptors. These processes are initiated when engagement of growth-factor receptors, or the T and B lymphocyte antigen receptors, induces tyrosine phosphorylation of specific SH2- and SH3-domain-containing cytoplasmic proteins, including Vav. Here we show that vav-/- embryonic stem cells generate only limited numbers of immature and mature T and B lymphocytes in the RAG-2 blastocyst complementation assay. Furthermore, Vav-deficient T lymphocytes showed severely impaired antigen receptor signalling. Finally, we demonstrate that Vav-dependent signalling pathways regulate maturation, but not CD4/CD8 lineage commitment, during T-cell-receptor-mediated positive selection of immature CD4+ CD8+ precursors into mature CD4+ CD8- or CD4- CD8+ T cells. PMID 7700360 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Vav1(-/-)Vav2(-/-) mice exhibit greatly reduced the mature B-cells. Vav-1-/-Vav-2-/- B cells were unresponsive to BCR-driven proliferation in vitro and to thymus-indepen-dent antigen in vivo. 1 Nat Immunol. 2001 Jun;2(6) 548-55. Comment in Nat Immunol. 2001 Jun;2(6) 482-4. Compensation between Vav-1 and Vav-2 in B cell development and antigen receptor signaling. Tedford K, Nitschke L, Girkontaite I, Charlesworth A, Chan G, Sakk V, Barbacid M, Fischer KD. Abteilung Physiologische Chemie, Universitat Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, D-89069 Ulm, Germany. Vav-1 and Vav-2 are closely related Dbl-homology GTP exchange factors (GEFs) for Rho GTPases. Mutation of Vav-1 disrupts T cell development and T cell antigen receptor-induced activation, but has comparatively little effect on B cells. We found that combined deletion of both Vav-1 and Vav-2 in mice resulted in a marked reduction in mature B lymphocyte numbers. Vav-1(-/-)Vav-2(-/-) B cells were unresponsive to B cell antigen receptor (BCR)-driven proliferation in vitro and to thymus-independent antigen in vivo. BCR-stimulated intracellular calcium mobilization was greatly impaired in Vav-1(-/-)Vav-2(-/-) B cells. These findings establish a role for Vav-2 in BCR calcium signaling and reveal that the Vav family of GEFs is critical to B cell development and function. PMID 11376343 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Fyn-deficient mice exhibit a remarkably specific lymphoid defect thymocytes are refractile to stimulation through the TCR with mitogen or antigen. 1 Cell. 1992 Sep 4;70(5) 751-63. Defective T cell receptor signaling in mice lacking the thymic isoform of p59fyn. Appleby MW, Gross JA, Cooke MP, Levin SD, Qian X, Perlmutter RM. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle 98195. Considerable evidence supports the hypothesis that the nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinase p59fyn participates in signal transduction from the T cell receptor (TCR). To examine this hypothesis in detail, we have produced mice that lack the thymic isoform of p59fyn but retain expression of the brain isoform of the protein. fynTnull mice exhibit a remarkably specific lymphoid defect thymocytes are refractile to stimulation through the TCR with mitogen or antigen, while peripheral T cells, following what appears to be a normal maturation sequence, reacquire significant signaling capabilities. These data confirm that p59fynT plays a pivotal role in TCR signal transduction and demonstrate that additional developmentally regulated signaling components also contribute to TCR-induced lymphocyte activation. PMID 1516132 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Lck-deficient mice show a pronounced thymic atrophy, with a dramatic reduction in the double-positive (CD4+CD8+) thymocyte population. 1 Nature. 1992 May 14;357(6374) 161-4. Comment in Nature. 1993 Jan 21;361(6409) 213. Profound block in thymocyte development in mice lacking p56lck. Molina TJ, Kishihara K, Siderovski DP, van Ewijk W, Narendran A, Timms E, Wakeham A, Paige CJ, Hartmann KU, Veillette A, et al. Ontario Cancer Institute, University of Toronto, Canada. The protein Lck (p56lck) has a relative molecular mass of 56,000 and belongs to the Src family of tyrosine kinases. It is expressed exclusively in lymphoid cells, predominantly in thymocytes and peripheral T cells. Lck associates specifically with the cytoplasmic domains of both CD4 and CD8 T-cell surface glycoproteins and interacts with the beta-chain of the interleukin-2 receptor, which implicates Lck activity in signal transduction during thymocyte ontogeny and activation of mature T cells. Here we generate an lck null mutation by homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells to evaluate the role of p56lck in T-cell development and activation. Lck-deficient mice show a pronounced thymic atrophy, with a dramatic reduction in the double-positive (CD4+CD8+) thymocyte population. Mature, single-positive thymocytes are not detectable in these mice and there are only very few peripheral T cells. These results illustrate the crucial role of this T-cell-specific tyrosine kinase in the thymocyte development. PMID 1579166 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] T cell from mice deficient in LCK is required for normal signal transduction through the TCR. 1 Cell. 1992 Aug 21;70(4) 585-93. Genetic evidence for the involvement of the lck tyrosine kinase in signal transduction through the T cell antigen receptor. Straus DB, Weiss A. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143. Signaling through the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) results both in rapid increases in tyrosine phosphorylation on a number of proteins and in the activation of the phosphatidylinositol pathway. It is not clear how stimulation of the TCR leads to these signaling events. Mutants of the Jurkat T cell line have been previously isolated that fail to show increases in calcium following receptor stimulation. Analysis of one of these mutants, JCaM1, which is defective in the induction of tyrosine phosphorylation, revealed a defect in the expression of functional lck tyrosine kinase. The lack of lck activity was caused in part by a splicing defect. Expression of the lck cDNA in JCaM1 restores the ability of the cell to respond to TCR stimulation. These results indicate that lck is required for normal signal transduction through the TCR. PMID 1505025 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] T cells from mice deficient in SLAP-130/Fyb show markedly impaired proliferation. 1 Science. 2001 Sep 21;293(5538) 2263-5. Coupling of the TCR to integrin activation by Slap-130/Fyb. Peterson EJ, Woods ML, Dmowski SA, Derimanov G, Jordan MS, Wu JN, Myung PS, Liu QH, Pribila JT, Freedman BD, Shimizu Y, Koretzky GA. The Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. SLAP-130/Fyb (SLP-76-associated phosphoprotein or Fyn-binding protein; also known as Fyb/Slap) is a hematopoietic-specific adapter, which associates with and modulates function of SH2-containing leukocyte phosphoprotein of 76 kilodaltons (SLP-76). T cells from mice lacking SLAP-130/Fyb show markedly impaired proliferation following CD3 engagement. In addition, the T cell receptor (TCR) in SLAP-130/Fyb mutant cells fails to enhance integrin-dependent adhesion. Although TCR-induced actin polymerization is normal, TCR-stimulated clustering of the integrin LFA-1 is defective in SLAP-130/Fyb-deficient cells. These data indicate that SLAP-130/Fyb is important for coupling TCR-mediated actin cytoskeletal rearrangement with activation of integrin function, and for T cells to respond fully to activating signals. PMID 11567141 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] B cell of chicken deficient ITK reduce IP3 generation and phospholipase C gamma 2 tyrosine phosphorylation. 1 J Exp Med. 1996 Jul 1;184(1) 31-40. A role for Bruton s tyrosine kinase in B cell antigen receptor-mediated activation of phospholipase C-gamma 2. Takata M, Kurosaki T. Department of Oncology and Immunology, Wyeth-Ayerst Research, Pearl River, New York 10965, USA. Defects in the gene encoding Bruton s tyrosine kinase (Btk) result in a disease called X-linked agammaglobulinemia, in which there is a profound decrease of mature B cells due to a block in B cell development. Recent studies have shown that Btk is tyrosine phosphorylated and activated upon B cell antigen receptor (BCR) stimulation. To elucidate the functions of this kinase, we examined BCR signaling of DT40 B cells deficient in Btk. Tyrosine phosphorylation of phospholipase C (PLC)-gamma 2 upon receptor stimulation was significantly reduced in the mutant cells, leading to the loss of both BCR-coupled phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis and calcium mobilization. Pleckstrin homology and Src-homology 2 domains of Btk were required for PLC-gamma 2 activation. Since Syk is also required for the BCR-induced PLC-gamma 2 activation, our findings indicate that PLC-gamma 2 activation is regulated by Btk and Syk through their concerted actions. PMID 8691147 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] T cell of mice deficient ITK reduce IP3 generation and phospholipase C gamma 1 tyrosine phosphorylation. 1 J Exp Med. 1998 May 18;187(10) 1721-7. T cell receptor-initiated calcium release is uncoupled from capacitative calcium entry in Itk-deficient T cells. Liu KQ, Bunnell SC, Gurniak CB, Berg LJ. Program of Immunology, Division of Medical Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. Itk, a Tec family tyrosine kinase, plays an important but as yet undefined role in T cell receptor (TCR) signaling. Here we show that T cells from Itk-deficient mice have a TCR-proximal signaling defect, resulting in defective interleukin 2 secretion. Upon TCR stimulation, Itk-/- T cells release normal amounts of calcium from intracellular stores, but fail to open plasma membrane calcium channels. Since thapsigargin-induced store depletion triggers normal calcium entry in Itk-/- T cells, an impaired biochemical link between store depletion and channel opening is unlikely to be responsible for this defect. Biochemical studies indicate that TCR-induced inositol 1,4,5 tris-phosphate (IP3) generation and phospholipase C gamma1 tyrosine phosphorylation are substantially reduced in Itk-/- T cells. In contrast, TCR-zeta and ZAP-70 are phosphorylated normally, suggesting that Itk functions downstream of, or in parallel to, ZAP-70 to facilitate TCR-induced IP3 production. These findings support a model in which quantitative differences in cytosolic IP3 trigger distinct responses, and in which only high concentrations of IP3 trigger the influx of extracellular calcium. PMID 9584150 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] T cell of mice deficient ITK have failure of Th2 development. 1 Immunity. 1999 Oct;11(4) 399-409. Impaired NFATc translocation and failure of Th2 development in Itk-deficient CD4+ T cells. Fowell DJ, Shinkai K, Liao XC, Beebe AM, Coffman RL, Littman DR, Locksley RM. Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco 94143, USA. Naive Itk-deficient CD4+ T cells were unable to establish stable IL-4 production, even when primed in Th2-inducing conditions. In contrast, IFNgamma production was little affected. Failure to express IL-4 occurred even among cells that had gone through multiple cell divisions and was associated with a delay in the kinetics and magnitude of NFATc nuclear localization. IL-4 production was restored genetically by retroviral reconstitution of Itk or biochemically by augmenting the calcium flux with ionomycin. In vivo, Itk-deficient mice were unable to establish functional Th2 cells. Development of protective Th1 cells was unimpeded. These data define a nonredundant role for Itk in modulating signals from the TCR/CD28 pathways that are specific for the establishment of stable IL-4 but not IFNgamma expression. PMID 10549622 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Mice deficient in ITK have reduced proliferative responses to MHC stimulation and to anti-TCR cross-linking 1 Immunity. 1995 Dec;3(6) 757-69. Altered T cell receptor signaling and disrupted T cell development in mice lacking Itk. Liao XC, Littman DR. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0414, USA. Itk is a T cell protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) that, along with Btk and Tec, belongs to a family of cytoplasmic PTKs with N-terminal pleckstrin homology domains. Btk plays a critical role in B lymphocyte development. To determine whether Itk has an analogous role in T lymphocytes, we used gene targeting to prepare mice lacking expression of Itk. Such animals had decreased numbers of mature thymocytes, an effect most clearly observed in mice expressing T cell receptor (TCR) transgenes. Mature T cells from Itk-deficient mice had reduced proliferative responses to allogeneic MHC stimulation and to anti-TCR cross-linking, but responded normally to stimulation with phorbol ester plus ionomycin or with IL-2. These results provide genetic evidence that Itk is involved in T cell development and also suggest that Itk has an important role in proximal events in TCR-mediated signaling pathways. PMID 8777721 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Mutations in Btk cause X-linked immunodeficiency. 1 Semin Immunol. 1998 Aug;10(4) 309-16. Btk function in B cell development and response. Satterthwaite AB, Li Z, Witte ON. Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles 90095-1662, USA. Mutations in Bruton s tyrosine kinase (Btk) result in the B cell immunodeficiencies XLA in humans and Xid in mice. Both the maintenance of peripheral B cell numbers and their response to B cell antigen receptor (BCR) crosslinking depend on Btk. Btk integrates signals from multiple cell surface receptors, including BCR and G-protein coupled receptors. These Btk dependent signals control B cell proliferation and survival by mediating Ca2+ flux, activating JNK and p38 and inducing cell cycle regulatory genes. Publication Types Review PMID 9695187 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Gads(GRAP2) has a role in thymocyte proliferaction for maturation of T-cells. 1 Science. 2001 Mar 9;291(5510) 1987-91. Requirement for the SLP-76 adaptor GADS in T cell development. Yoder J, Pham C, Iizuka YM, Kanagawa O, Liu SK, McGlade J, Cheng AM. Medical Scientist Training Program, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. GADS is an adaptor protein implicated in CD3 signaling because of its ability to link SLP-76 to LAT. A GADS-deficient mouse was generated by gene targeting, and the function of GADS in T cell development and activation was examined. GADS- CD4-CD8- thymocytes exhibited a severe block in proliferation but still differentiated into mature T cells. GADS- thymocytes failed to respond to CD3 cross-linking in vivo and were impaired in positive and negative selection. Immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that the association between SLP-76 and LAT was uncoupled in GADS- thymocytes. These observations indicate that GADS is a critical adaptor for CD3 signaling. PMID 11239162 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Gads(GRAP2) has a role for homeostatic proliferaction in B cells. 1 Eur J Immunol. 2005 Apr;35(4) 1184-92. Expression and function of the adaptor protein Gads in murine B cells. Yankee TM, Draves KE, Clark EA. Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA. tyankee@kumc.edu Nearly all hematopoietic receptors are dependent on adaptor proteins for the activation of downstream signaling pathways. The Gads adaptor protein is expressed in many hematopoietic tissues, including bone marrow, lymph node, and spleen. Using intracellular staining, we detected Gads protein in a number cells, including B cells, T cells, NK cells, monocytes, and plasmacytoid DC, but not in macrophages, neutrophils, or monocyte-derived DC. In the B cell compartment, Gads was first expressed after immature B cells leave the bone marrow and was down-regulated after B cell antigen receptor (BCR) ligation. Female Gads(-/-) mice had increased numbers of splenic B cells, as compared to female Gads(+/+) mice, suggesting a role for Gads in B cell homeostasis. Although B cell production and turnover of splenic B cell subsets appeared normal in Gads(-/-) mice, homeostatic proliferation was significantly impaired in Gads(-/-) B cells. Whereas BCR ligation can induce apoptosis in wild-type transitional stage 1 (T1) B cells, Gads(-/-) T1 B cells were resistant to BCR-induced apoptosis. Gads(-/-) B cells also showed increased BCR-mediated calcium mobilization. We conclude that Gads may have a negative regulatory role in signaling through survival pathways, and is necessary for normal homeostatic proliferation in B cells. PMID 15761845 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Grap negatively regulates T-cell proliferation. 1 Mol Cell Biol. 2002 May;22(10) 3230-6. Grap negatively regulates T-cell receptor-elicited lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin-2 induction. Shen R, Ouyang YB, Qu CK, Alonso A, Sperzel L, Mustelin T, Kaplan MH, Feng GS. Program in Signal Transduction Research, The Burnham Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. Grb-2-related adaptor protein (Grap) is a Grb2-like SH3-SH2-SH3 adaptor protein with expression restricted to lymphoid tissues. Grap(-/-) lymphocytes isolated from targeted Grap-deficient mice exhibited enhanced proliferation, interleukin-2 production, and c-fos induction in response to mitogenic T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation, compared to wild-type cells. Ectopic expression of Grap led to a suppression of Elk-1-directed transcription induced by the Ras/Erk pathway, without having effects on gene expression mediated by Jnk and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases. Together, these data suggest that Grap, unlike Grb2, acts as a negative regulator of TCR-stimulated intracellular signaling by downregulating signal relay through the Ras/Erk pathway. PMID 11971956 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Gab2 is a substrate of ZAP-70 and functions as a switch molecule toward inhibition of TCR signal transuduction. 1 J Biol Chem. 2001 Nov 30;276(48) 45175-83. Epub 2001 Sep 25. Docking protein Gab2 is phosphorylated by ZAP-70 and negatively regulates T cell receptor signaling by recruitment of inhibitory molecules. Yamasaki S, Nishida K, Hibi M, Sakuma M, Shiina R, Takeuchi A, Ohnishi H, Hirano T, Saito T. Molecular Genetics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba 260-8670, Japan. To maintain various T cell responses and immune equilibrium, activation signals triggered by T cell antigen receptor (TCR) must be regulated by inhibitory signals. Gab2, an adaptor protein of the insulin receptor substrate-1 family, has been shown to be involved in the downstream signaling from cytokine receptors. We investigated the functional role of Gab2 in TCR-mediated signal transduction. Gab2 was phosphorylated by ZAP-70 and co-precipitated with phosphoproteins, such as ZAP-70, LAT, and CD3zeta, upon TCR stimulation. Overexpression of Gab2 in Jurkat cells or antigen-specific T cell hybridomas resulted in the inhibition of NF-AT activation, interleukin-2 production, and tyrosine phosphorylation. The structure-function relationship of Gab2 was analyzed by mutants of Gab2. The Gab2 mutants lacking SHP-2-binding sites mostly abrogated the inhibitory activity of Gab2, but its inhibitory function was restored by fusing to active SHP-2 as a chimeric protein. A mutant with defective phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase binding capacity also impaired the inhibitory activity, and the pleckstrin homology domain-deletion mutant revealed a crucial function of the pleckstrin homology domain for localization to the plasma membrane. These results suggest that Gab2 is a substrate of ZAP-70 and functions as a switch molecule toward inhibition of TCR signal transduction by mediating the recruitment of inhibitory molecules to the TCR signaling complex. PMID 11572860 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] B cell signaling causes tyrosine phosphorylation of Gab1, and in turn SHP2 bind to Gab1 Gab1 phosophorylation potentiate the phosphorylation of Akt, PI3K-dependent response. 1 J Biol Chem. 2001 Apr 13;276(15) 12257-65. Epub 2001 Jan 22. The Gab1 docking protein links the b cell antigen receptor to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway and to the SHP2 tyrosine phosphatase. Ingham RJ, Santos L, Dang-Lawson M, Holgado-Madruga M, Dudek P, Maroun CR, Wong AJ, Matsuuchi L, Gold MR. Departments of Microbiology and Immunology and Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada. B cell antigen receptor (BCR) signaling causes tyrosine phosphorylation of the Gab1 docking protein. This allows phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and the SHP2 tyrosine phosphatase to bind to Gab1. In this report, we tested the hypothesis that Gab1 acts as an amplifier of PI3K- and SHP2-dependent signaling in B lymphocytes. By overexpressing Gab1 in the WEHI-231 B cell line, we found that Gab1 can potentiate BCR-induced phosphorylation of Akt, a PI3K-dependent response. Gab1 expression also increased BCR-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of SHP2 as well as the binding of Grb2 to SHP2. We show that the pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of Gab1 is required for BCR-induced phosphorylation of Gab1 and for Gab1 participation in BCR signaling. Moreover, using confocal microscopy, we show that BCR ligation can induce the translocation of Gab1 from the cytosol to the plasma membrane and that this requires the Gab1 PH domain as well as PI3K activity. These findings are consistent with a model in which the binding of the Gab1 PH domain to PI3K-derived lipids brings Gab1 to the plasma membrane, where it can be tyrosine-phosphorylated and then act as an amplifier of BCR signaling. PMID 11278704 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] RasGRP1 mediates Ras activation following TCR stimulatioin. RasGRP1 and RasGRP3 induces RAS activation in B-cell to response to T-cell stimulation. 1 Immunol Lett. 2006 May 15;105(1) 77-82. Epub 2006 Feb 20. The role of RasGRPs in regulation of lymphocyte proliferation. Coughlin JJ, Stang SL, Dower NA, Stone JC. Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Canada T6G 2H7. RasGRP1 links TCR signaling to Ras in T cells, while both RasGRP1 and RasGRP3 link BCR signaling to Ras in B cells. T cells deficient in RasGRP1 have defective proliferative responses as do B cells deficient in both RasGRP1 and RasGRP3, confirming the importance of Ras activation in lymphocyte proliferation. While aged Rasgrp1-/- mice develop late-onset autoimmunity characterized by splenomegaly and the presence of anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA), the additional loss of RasGRP3 expression inhibits this phenotype. We show here that the autoimmunity in Rasgrp1-/- mice is T cell dependent. Compared to wildtype, Rasgrp1-/- T cells induce greater in vitro B cell proliferation that is due, at least in part, to increased production of interleukin-4 (IL-4). Rasgrp1 Rasgrp3 double mutant B cells are less responsive to this T cell stimulation. The reduced double mutant B cell proliferative response was paralleled by decreased induction of cyclin D2 upon stimulation with IL-4 and anti-IgM. Taken together these results suggest that double mutant mice fail to generate autoimmunity due to their decreased B cell cyclin D2 accumulation, and thus proliferation, in response to the elevated levels of IL-4 produced by mutant T cells. PMID 16530850 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Grb2-hSos1-PLCgamma1-p36/p38-ZAP70 complexes localize in the vicinity of TCR-zeta 1 J Biol Chem. 1995 Aug 4;270(31) 18428-36. Ligation of the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) induces association of hSos1, ZAP-70, phospholipase C-gamma 1, and other phosphoproteins with Grb2 and the zeta-chain of the TCR. Nel AE, Gupta S, Lee L, Ledbetter JA, Kanner SB. Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine 90024, USA. Signaling by the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) involves both phospholipase C (PLC)-gamma 1 and p21ras activation. While failing to induce Shc/Grb2 association, ligation of the TCR/CD3 receptor in Jurkat T-cells induced hSos1-Grb2 complexes. In addition to hSos1, Grb2 participates in the formation of a tyrosine phosphoprotein complex that includes 145-, 95-, 70-, 54-, and 36-38-kDa proteins. p145 was identified as PLC-gamma 1 and p70 as the protein tyrosine kinase, ZAP-70. Although of the same molecular weight, p95 was not recognized by an anti-serum to p95 Vav. The SH2 domains of Grb2 and PLC-gamma 1 were required for the formation of this protein complex. In anti-CD3-treated cells, Grb2 redistributed from the cytosol to a particulate cell compartment along with p36/p38, ZAP-70, and PLC-gamma 1. Part of the Grb2 complex associated with the particulate compartment could be extracted with Nonidet P-40, while the rest was Nonidet P-40 insoluble. In both the detergent-soluble and -insoluble fractions, Grb2 coimmunoprecipitated with the zeta-chain of the TCR. Taken together, these results indicate that anti-CD3 induces Grb2-hSos1-PLC-gamma 1-p36/p38-ZAP70 complexes, which localize in the vicinity of TCR-zeta. PMID 7629168 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Gads(Grap2) plays an important role in T-cell signaling via its association with SLP-76 and LAT. 1 Curr Biol. 1999 Jan 28;9(2) 67-75. The hematopoietic-specific adaptor protein gads functions in T-cell signaling via interactions with the SLP-76 and LAT adaptors. Liu SK, Fang N, Koretzky GA, McGlade CJ. Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, Research Institute, 555 University Ave, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada. BACKGROUND The adaptor protein Gads is a Grb2-related protein originally identified on the basis of its interaction with the tyrosine-phosphorylated form of the docking protein Shc. Gads protein expression is restricted to hematopoietic tissues and cell lines. Gads contains a Src homology 2 (SH2) domain, which has previously been shown to have a similar binding specificity to that of Grb2. Gads also possesses two SH3 domains, but these have a distinct binding specificity to those of Grb2, as Gads does not bind to known Grb2 SH3 domain targets. Here, we investigated whether Gads is involved in T-cell signaling. RESULTS We found that Gads is highly expressed in T cells and that the SLP-76 adaptor protein is a major Gads-associated protein in vivo. The constitutive interaction between Gads and SLP-76 was mediated by the carboxy-terminal SH3 domain of Gads and a 20 amino-acid proline-rich region in SLP-76. Gads also coimmunoprecipitated the tyrosine-phosphorylated form of the linker for activated T cells (LAT) adaptor protein following cross-linking of the T-cell receptor; this interaction was mediated by the Gads SH2 domain. Overexpression of Gads and SLP-76 resulted in a synergistic augmentation of T-cell signaling, as measured by activation of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), and this cooperation required a functional Gads SH2 domain. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that Gads plays an important role in T-cell signaling via its association with SLP-76 and LAT. Gads may promote cross-talk between the LAT and SLP-76 signaling complexes, thereby coupling membrane-proximal events to downstream signaling pathways. PMID 10021361 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Lck is required for normal signal transduction through the TCR. 1 Cell. 1992 Aug 21;70(4) 585-93. Genetic evidence for the involvement of the lck tyrosine kinase in signal transduction through the T cell antigen receptor. Straus DB, Weiss A. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143. Signaling through the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) results both in rapid increases in tyrosine phosphorylation on a number of proteins and in the activation of the phosphatidylinositol pathway. It is not clear how stimulation of the TCR leads to these signaling events. Mutants of the Jurkat T cell line have been previously isolated that fail to show increases in calcium following receptor stimulation. Analysis of one of these mutants, JCaM1, which is defective in the induction of tyrosine phosphorylation, revealed a defect in the expression of functional lck tyrosine kinase. The lack of lck activity was caused in part by a splicing defect. Expression of the lck cDNA in JCaM1 restores the ability of the cell to respond to TCR stimulation. These results indicate that lck is required for normal signal transduction through the TCR. PMID 1505025 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] ZAP-70 plays crucial roles in T-cell activation and development. Syk triggers cellular activation in T-cell. 1 Mol Cell Biol. 1998 Mar;18(3) 1388-99. Genetic evidence for differential coupling of Syk family kinases to the T-cell receptor reconstitution studies in a ZAP-70-deficient Jurkat T-cell line. Williams BL, Schreiber KL, Zhang W, Wange RL, Samelson LE, Leibson PJ, Abraham RT. Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA. T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) engagement activates multiple protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs), including the Src family member, Lck, and the Syk-related PTK, ZAP-70. Studies in ZAP-70-deficient humans have demonstrated that ZAP-70 plays crucial roles in T-cell activation and development. However, progress toward a detailed understanding of the regulation and function of ZAP-70 during TCR signaling has been hampered by the lack of a suitable T-cell model for biochemical and genetic analyses. In this report, we describe the isolation and phenotypic characterization of a Syk- and ZAP-70-negative somatic mutant derived from the Jurkat T-cell line. The P116 cell line displays severe defects in TCR-induced signaling functions, including protein tyrosine phosphorylation, intracellular Ca2+ mobilization, and interleukin-2 promoter-driven transcription. These signaling defects were fully reversed by reintroduction of catalytically active versions of either Syk or ZAP-70 into the P116 cells. However, in contrast to ZAP-70 expression, Syk expression triggered a significant degree of cellular activation in the absence of TCR ligation. Transfection experiments with ZAP-70-Syk chimeric proteins indicated that both the amino-terminal regulatory regions and the carboxy-terminal catalytic domains of Syk and ZAP-70 contribute to the distinctive functional properties of these PTKs. These studies underscore the crucial role of ZAP-70 in TCR signaling and offer a powerful genetic model for further analyses of ZAP-70 regulation and function in T cells. PMID 9488454 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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qstr_Next_Page|他の軍旗を見る qstr_Game_Rules ^|ゲームのルール ^ qstr_0|0 qstr_Show_game_rules|ゲームのルールを表示 qstr_Create_your_own_kind|Create your own kindom troops! qstr_Use_the_Existed_kind|Use the Existed kindoms' troops! qstr_Continue...|次へ qstr_Candidate_#1 _{s1}|候補 #1 {s1} qstr_Candidate_#2 _{s1}|候補 #2 {s1} qstr_{s3}_of_{s4}_wishes_|{s4}の{s3}は家臣団を呼び寄せ、^新しい元帥を選出する協議を行うよう要請した。^候補者は{s1}と{s2}のようだ。 qstr_Who_do_you_wish_to_s|誰を支持する? qstr_{s1}_gives_his_suppo|{s1} は {s2} を支持。 qstr_Number_of_Supporters|投票数:{reg0} qstr_{s2}_has_heard_his_v|{s2}は家臣団の協議の結果を聞き、^{s3}元帥として {s1}を任命する。 qstr_Action|アクション qstr_Mount|騎乗 qstr_Attack_Type|攻撃タイプ qstr_Stand_Ground|拠点防衛 qstr_Charge|突撃 qstr_Follow_Me|追従 qstr_Hold_This_Position|待機 qstr_Spread_Out|散開 qstr_Stand_Closer|密集 qstr_Fall_Back|後退 qstr_Advance|前進 qstr_Dismount|下馬 qstr_Fire_At_Will|自由に攻撃せよ qstr_Hold_Your_Fire|射撃待て qstr_Use_Blunt_Weapons|鈍器を使え qstr_Use_Any_Weapon|全ての武器を使え qstr_Ready|兵力 qstr_Wounded|負傷 qstr_Dead|死亡 qstr_Number_of_men_knocke|気絶した兵数 {reg1} qstr_Number_of_men_left _|死亡した兵数 {reg1} qstr_Opponents_Beaten _{r|倒した敵兵 {reg1} qstr_Opponents_Remaining |残りの敵兵 {reg1} qstr_Remain_in_retirement|復員させた兵数 {reg1} qstr_Go_back_to_the_adven|冒険に戻る qstr_You_have_retired_at_|あなたは{reg5}日の冒険の末、^レベル{reg4}で引退を決意しました。 qstr_Effect_on_Score|あなたの功績 qstr_Settlements_owned_by|所有する領地 {reg0} qstr_Friendly_Settlements|友好的な領地 {reg0} qstr_Hostile_Settlements |敵対的な領地 {reg0} qstr_Friendly_Lords _{reg|友好的な領主 {reg0} qstr_Enemy_Lords _{reg0}|敵対する領主 {reg0} qstr_Victories _{reg0}|勝利回数 {reg0} qstr_Defeats _{reg0}|敗北回数 {reg0} qstr_Quests_Completed _{r|成功したクエスト {reg0} qstr_Companions_Found _{r|発見した仲間 {reg0} qstr_Companions_Lost/Depa|去った仲間 {reg0} qstr_Wealth _{reg0}_denar|財産 {reg0}デナル qstr_Inventory _{reg0}_de|インベントリ {reg0}デナル qstr_Renown _{reg0}|名声 {reg0} qstr_Experience _{reg0}|経験値 {reg0} qstr_Days_Passed _{reg0}|経過日数 {reg0} qstr_Difficulty _{reg0}%|難易度 {reg0}% qstr_TOTAL_SCORE _{reg0}|総合得点 {reg0} qstr_None|なし qstr_BANK_OF_^WORLD|BANK OF ^WORLD qstr_Deposit|Deposit qstr_Loan|Loan qstr_Give_Deposit|Give Deposit qstr_Get_Deposit|Get Deposit qstr_Return_Loan|Return Loan qstr_Get_Loan|Get Loan qstr_Yes|Yes qstr_you_don_t_have_enoug|you don't have enough money qstr_you_don_t_have_enough|you don't have enough deposit qstr_you_pay_too_much_deb|you pay too much debt qstr_you_don_t_have_enough_|you don't have enough money qstr_you_can_t_take_so_mu|you can't take so much loan once qstr_Your_can_t_loan_any_|Your can't loan any money unless you pay the debt qstr_Done|Done qstr_Name _{s1}^Level _{r|Name {s1}^Level {reg1} qstr_{s1}^HP _{reg0}|{s1}^HP {reg0} qstr_{s1}|{s1} qstr_Attributes |Attributes qstr_{s3}^STR _{reg1}^INT|{s3}^STR {reg1}^INT {reg2}^^Skills qstr_{s3}^Power_Strike _{|{s3}^Power Strike {reg1}^Power Draw {reg2}^Power Throw {reg3}^Horse Archery {reg4}^^Weapon Proficiencies qstr_{s3}^1_Hand_Wpns _{r|{s3}^1 Hand Wpns {reg1}^2 Hand Wpns {reg2}^Polearms {reg3} qstr_{s3}|{s3} qstr_{s4}^AGI _{reg1}^CHA|{s4}^AGI {reg1}^CHA {reg2}^^ qstr_{s4}^Ironflesh _{reg|{s4}^Ironflesh {reg1}^Athletics {reg2}^Shield {reg3}^Riding {reg4}^^ qstr_{s4}^Archery _{reg1}|{s4}^Archery {reg1}^Crossbows {reg2}^Throwing {reg3} qstr_{s4}|{s4} qstr_Equipments _|Equipments qstr__{s7}__s_troop^_Desi| {s7} 's troop^ Design your own kingdom troop qstr_Attributes|Attributes qstr_Skills|Skills qstr_Proficiencies|Proficiencies qstr_Attribute_points_{re|Attribute points {reg40} qstr_Skill_points_{reg41}|Skill points {reg41} qstr_Weapon_points_{reg42|Weapon points {reg42} qstr_Save|Save qstr_Reset|Reset qstr_Current {s1}|Current {s1} qstr_{s2}^Base_Attribute |{s2}^Base Attribute CHA qstr_{s2}^Base_Attribute I|{s2}^Base Attribute INT qstr_{s2}^Base_Attribute A|{s2}^Base Attribute AGI qstr_{s2}^Base_Attribute S|{s2}^Base Attribute STR qstr_Next|Next qstr_Price_{reg42}^Weight|Price {reg42}^Weight {reg43} qstr_{reg5}_to_{reg6}|{reg5} to {reg6} qstr_Back|Back qstr_You_can_t_equip_this|You can't equip this item. Wrong Place or too heavy!! qstr_Show_towns|Show towns qstr_Show_castles|Show castles qstr_Show_villages|Show villages qstr_Tip _move_the_mouse_|Tip move the mouse onto the black blocks to show their names. qstr_The_World_Map|The World Map qstr_What_will_your_party|What will your party be known as? qstr_By_the_name_entered_|By the name entered above. qstr_Simply_by_my_name _{|Simply by my name {s5}. qstr_How_will_your_male_v|How will your male vassals be known? qstr_How_will_your_female|How will your female vassals be known? qstr_Use_the_Titles_Enter|Use the Titles Entered Above. qstr_Use_Default_Titles__|Use Default Titles (Lord/Lady). qstr_CURRENT_COMMANDER_S_|CURRENT COMMANDER'S REPORT! qstr_Your_Commander _{s19|Your Commander {s19} qstr_Commander_Relation _|Commander Relation {reg0} qstr_Enlisted_Faction _{s|Enlisted Faction {s20} qstr_Current_Rank _{s21}|Current Rank {s21} qstr_N/A|N/A qstr_Experience_to_next_p|Experience to next promotion {s1} qstr_Days_in_service _{re|Days in service {reg20} qstr_Current_Wage _{reg23|Current Wage {reg23} denars. qstr_Next_Pay/Promotion_d|Next Pay/Promotion day {s25} qstr_Army_size _{reg26}|Army size {reg26} qstr_Commander_s_Army|Commander's Army qstr_Plan_Deployment|Plan Deployment qstr_You_will_have_{reg1}|You will have {reg1} troops available at the battle's start qstr_Troop|Troop qstr_#_at_start__/_#_in_p|# at start / # in party qstr_/_{reg0}|/ {reg0} qstr_{reg0}|{reg0} qstr_of_{reg0}_troops|of {reg0} troops qstr_Ready_Troops|Ready Troops qstr_Reassess|Reassess qstr_Scrap_All|Scrap All qstr_Too_many_troops^Chec|Too many troops^Check number available qstr_Initial|Initial qstr_Movement_1|Movement 1 qstr_Movement_2|Movement 2 qstr_Formation|Formation qstr_Attack|Attack qstr_Weapon_Type|Weapon Type qstr_Shield|Shield qstr_Skirmish|Skirmish qstr_Hold_Position|Hold Position qstr_Back_10|Back 10 qstr_Forward_10|Forward 10 qstr_Repeat_x|Repeat x qstr_Square|Square qstr_Wedge|Wedge qstr_Shieldwall|Shieldwall qstr_Ranks|Ranks qstr_Ranged|Ranged qstr_Polearms|Polearms qstr_Two_Handed|Two Handed qstr_One_Handed|One Handed qstr_No_Shields|No Shields qstr_Use_Shields|Use Shields qstr_Avoid_Melee|Avoid Melee qstr_Turn_to_weapon_order|Turn to weapon orders... qstr_Prepare_Orders|Prepare Orders qstr_Dispatch_Orders|Dispatch Orders qstr_...Turn_to_positioni|...Turn to positioning orders qstr_Record_Battle_Size_a|Record Battle Size as set in Options qstr_Record_Battle_Size_as|Record Battle Size as set in Options qstr_The__Weapon_Use_Fixe|The 'Weapon Use Fixes' change NPC decision-^making with the following weapon types.^^Un-tick the boxes if you dislike the behavior. qstr_Use_NPC_Lancer_Fix |NPCのランスFixを使用する qstr_Use_NPC_Horse_Archer|NPCの弓騎兵Fixを使用する qstr_Use_NPC_Spear/Polear|NPCの槍/長柄Fixを使用する qstr_Use_Pike/Horse_Damag|パイク/騎馬のダメージ調整を使用する qstr_Reassign_De_horsed_C|下馬騎兵の再割り当て先 qstr_Reassign_No_Ammo_Arc|弾切れした弓兵の再割り当て先 qstr_Enable_Battle_Contin|気絶後の戦闘継続を使用する qstr_Batt._Cont._Charge_a|気絶後の命令 qstr_Formations_Battle_AI|隊形および戦闘AI qstr_Enable_AI_to_use_Spe|AIに特殊命令を使用させる qstr_Enable_Bodyguards_in|町や村でのボディーガードを使用する qstr_Enable_ranged_penalt|天候による投射兵器のペナルティを使用する qstr_Disable_Companions__|コンパニオンが不満を述べなくなる qstr_Enable_the_cheat_men|チートメニューの有効化 qstr_Charge_All|全員突撃 qstr_Formations_AI|隊形AI qstr_Native_AI_w/Formatio|NativeのAI /隊形使用 qstr_PBOD_Mod^Options|PBOD Mod^Options qstr_Mouse_over_options_f|マウスオーバーで各項目の詳細が見れます。 qstr_Restore_Defaults|初期状態に戻す qstr_Key_Settings|PBOD用のキー設定 qstr_Weapon_Use_Fix_for_L|NPCのランスFixを使用すると、 騎兵は囲まれない限り、 槍を用いるようになります。 qstr_Weapon_Use_Fix_for_H|NPCの弓騎兵Fixを使用すると、 弓騎兵は矢が尽きるまで 弓を用いるようになります。 qstr_Weapon_Use_Fix_for_S|NPCの槍/長柄Fixを使用すると、 歩兵は囲まれない限り、 槍や長柄を用いるようになります。 qstr_Damage_tweaks_will_g|パイク/騎馬のダメージ調整を使用すると、 長柄は騎兵に、 騎兵の突撃は歩兵へ、 それぞれダメージ補正がかかるようになります。 貧弱なAIによる長柄と突撃の 運用の不備を補うものです。 qstr_Mounted_bots_once_th|馬が死んだ騎兵が、 選択した部隊に 割り当てされるようになります。 稼働中は、 AIのボットは歩兵に再設定されます。 qstr_Foot_archer_bots_onc|弾切れした弓兵が、 選択した部隊に 割り当てされるようになります。 稼働中は、 AIのボットは歩兵に再設定されます。 qstr_Battle_Continuation_|プレイヤーが気絶した後も、 部隊が戦い続けるようになります。 qstr_If_Battle_Continuati|戦闘継続が稼働中に、 気絶後の部隊の行動を選択できます "使用しない"を選ぶと、 気絶前の命令をそのまま続けます。 ;"全員突撃"を選ぶと、 全兵士が突撃します。 ;"隊形AI"を選ぶと、 AIが貴方の指揮を 引き継ぎます (隊形AIを適用時に限る)。 qstr_Select_your_prefered|隊形および戦闘AIの選択 "使用しない"を選ぶと、 NativeのAIのままになります。; "隊形AI"を選択すると、 AIは独自のものになり、 隊形を活用します。 ; "NativeのAI /隊形使用"を選ぶと、 AIはNativeのままで 標準的な隊形を用います。 qstr_Enabling_AI_Special_|AIが一斉射撃(クロスボウ兵)、 散兵モード(弓兵)、 槍衾(長柄兵)などの特殊命令を 使用するようになります。 qstr_Bodyguards_allows_yo|街や村へ入る際に、 コンパニオンが ボディーガードにつくようになります。 ボディーガードの数は あなたの統率力と 名声に依存します。 qstr_The_Weather_Proficie|天候によるペナルティを使用すると、 濃霧、雨、雪、 および夜間のような悪天候時には、 投射兵器の命中率に ペナルティがかかるようになります。 qstr_Disabling_NPC_Compla|あなたの選択に対して コンパニオンが 不満を述べなくなります。 ただし、不満の数値は蓄積されるので、 士気の低下を防げるわけではありません。 qstr_The_cheat/debug_mode|チートモードをオンにすると、 キャンプにチートメニューが表示され、 デバッグメッセージを表示させることができます。 qstr_Keys_Configuration|隊列などホットキーの設定を行います qstr_Press_Esc_to^^Disabl|Esc を押すと^^設定を削除できます qstr_DeathCam_Mouse_Sensi|デスカメラのマウス感度 qstr_OK|OK qstr_Reset|リセット qstr_Mod_Options|MODの設定に戻る qstr_Press_a_key|A キーを押してください qstr_{s10}___Formation_ty|{s10} - 隊形選択命令 qstr_{s11}___Weapon_order|{s11} - 武器選択命令 qstr_{s12}___Shield_order|{s12} - 盾使用命令 qstr_{s13}___Attack_order|{s13} - 戦術命令 qstr_{s10}___Ranks|{s10} - 横列隊形 qstr_{s11}___Shieldwall|{s11} - シールドウォール qstr_{s12}___Wedge|{s12} - くさび形隊形 qstr_{s13}___Square|{s13} - 方陣隊形 qstr_{s14}___No_Formation|{s14} - 隊形解除 qstr_{s15}___Escape_Menu|{s15} - メニューを閉じる qstr_{s11}___One_Handers|{s11} - 片手武器 qstr_{s12}___Two_Handers|{s12} - 両手武器 qstr_{s13}___Polearms|{s13} - 長柄武器 qstr_{s14}___Ranged|{s14} - 投射武器 qstr_{s11}___Use_Shields|{s11} - 盾を使用する qstr_{s12}___No_Shields|{s12} - 盾を使用しない qstr_{s13}___Free|{s13} - 自由にさせる qstr_{s10}___End_Order|{s10} - 命令終了 qstr_{s11}___Skirmish|{s11} - 散兵モード qstr_{s12}___Volley_Fire|{s12} - 一斉射撃 qstr_{s13}___Brace_Polear|{s13} - 槍衾 qstr_DeathCam|DeathCam qstr_Camera|Camera qstr_Follow|Follow qstr_Free|自由 qstr_Troop_Assignments|部隊編成 qstr_Split_Troops_into_Se|兵士を別の部隊へ分割できます qstr_Troops_by^_Primary_D|主要部隊の兵士 qstr_#_in^Main_Division|# 主要部隊の兵数 qstr_Show/^Hide|Show/^Hide qstr_#_in^Secondary_Divis|# 分割部隊の兵数 qstr_Secondary^Division|分割部隊の番号 qstr_Disabled|無効 qstr_Split_Active|分割を適用 qstr_Clear_All|初期化 qstr_Discard_Changes|変更を戻す qstr_Save|セーブ qstr__near_{s10}|{s10}の近く qstr_Your_recruiter_who_w|{s13}へ{reg10}名の新兵を 募るよう命じられていた募兵官が {s10}に撃破された! qstr_{s1}_of_{s3}_was_def|{s3}の {s1}は 戦いに敗れ逃走した。 qstr_{s54}_is_a_claimant_|{s54}は{s56}の王位を要求している。 qstr_nowhere|nowhere qstr_{s57}_and_{s58}|{s57}、 {s58} qstr_{reg3?She He}|{reg3?彼女 彼} qstr_The_town_of_{s50}|{s50}の街 qstr_The_village_of_{s50}|{s52}近郊の{s50}の村 qstr_{s51}_belongs_to_{s1|{s51}は、{s2}の{s1}が所有している。^ qstr_{s7}_and_{s8}|{s7}、 {s8} qstr_{s2}It_has_no_villag|{s2}勢力下の村がない^ qstr_{s2}{reg0?Its_villag|{s2}{s8}{reg0?の村々が勢力下にある の村が勢力下にある}。^ qstr_{s2}Its_prosperity_i|{s2}繁栄度 {s50} qstr_noone|誰もいない qstr_{s9}_and_{s10}|{s9}、 {s10} qstr_{s5}_has_been_defeat|{s5}は破られました! qstr_{s7}_opened_the_gate|{s7}は門を開けました。 qstr_{s7}_closed_the_gate|{s7}は門を閉じました。 qstr_+{reg1}_to_party_mor|パーティの士気に +{reg1} qstr_Requires_{reg1}_inte|この本を読むには{reg1}の知性が必要です。 qstr_Reading_Progress ^{p|読書の進行度 {reg1}% qstr_wound_treament|治療 qstr_trainer|訓練 qstr_surgery|手術 qstr_+1_to_{s1}_while_in_|所持中は{s1}スキル+1 qstr_Move_here|ここに移動 qstr_View_notes|情報を見る qstr_Accompany|同行 qstr_Secret_Troops _{reg1|Secret Troops {reg1} qstr_{s2}_{reg1}_^{s1}|{s2}({reg1})^{s1} qstr_Troops_Listing|Troops Listing qstr_killed|死亡 qstr_wounded|負傷 qstr_{s0}^TOTAL _{reg3}__|{s0}^合計 {reg3}名 ({s2}) qstr_^None|^なし qstr_nothing|なし qstr_{reg0}_village{reg1?|{reg0}村{reg1? } qstr_{reg0}_castle{reg1?s|{reg0}城{reg1? } qstr_{reg0}_castle{reg1?s |{reg0}城{reg1? }、{s0} qstr_{reg0}_town{reg1?s }|{reg0}街{reg1? } qstr_{reg0}_town{reg1?s }_|{reg0}街{reg1? }、{s0} qstr_{reg0}_town{reg1?s }_{|{reg0}街{reg1? }、{s0} qstr_Your_opponents_are_r|相手は戦いの準備ができている。 qstr_Try_to_destroy_as_ma|2.5分内にできるだけ多くの目標を破壊しつつ突破せよ。 qstr_Stay_behind_the_line|地面の線の後ろに立ち、目標を撃て。^全ての矢を浪費しないように注意せよ。 qstr_Battle_Advantage_=_{|戦闘の優位性 = {reg0} qstr_{s9}_wants_you_to_re|{s9}は通知があるまで彼の軍隊と^共に行軍することを望んでいる。 qstr__Being_Raided_|(襲撃されている) qstr__Looted_|(略奪された) qstr__Under_Siege_|(包囲されている) qstr_The_village_of_{s1}_|{s1}の村は{s2}から略奪を受けた。 qstr_{s3}_is_no_longer_un|{s3}の包囲が解かれた。 qstr_Small_bands_of_enemi|敵の小さい一団を{s1}の近くで見かけた。 qstr_Enemy_patrols_spotte|敵の偵察を{s1}の近くで見かけた。 qstr_Medium_sized_group_o|敵の中規模の一団を{s1}の近くで見かけた。 qstr_Significant_group_of|敵の重要な一団を{s1}の近くで見かけた。 qstr_Army_of_enemies_spot|敵の軍を{s1}の近くで見かけた。 qstr_Large_army_of_enemie|敵の大軍を{s1}の近くで見かけた。 qstr_Great_host_of_enemie|敵の巨大な軍勢を{s1}の近くで見かけた。 qstr_{s1}_has_been_besieg|{s1}が {s3}の {s2}によって包囲された。 qstr__{s1}__{s11} _{s14}|({s1}) {s11} {s14} qstr_{s14}__{s21}_|{s14} ({s21}) qstr_{s1}_is_the_new_mars|{s1}が{s2}の新しい元帥となった。 qstr_You_gained_{reg12}_r|あなたは {reg12} の名声値を獲得した。 qstr_You_lose_{reg12}_ren|あなたは {reg12} の名声値を失った。 qstr_Your_relation_with_{|{s1}との友好度が上昇した。 qstr_Your_relation_with_{s|{s1}との友好度が悪化した。 qstr_You_gain_honour.|あなたは名誉を得た。 qstr_You_lose_honour.|あなたは名誉を失った。 qstr_{s1}_has_declared_wa|{s1}が{s2}に対して宣戦布告した。 qstr_{s1}_and_{s2}_have_m|{s1}と {s2}が 停戦協定を結んだ。 qstr_{s2}_{reg3?was is_cu|{s2} は{s3}{reg3?にいました にいます}。 qstr_{s2}_{reg3?was is}_t|{s2} {reg3?は は}{s3}に向かう途中で^{reg4?彼女 彼}は{reg3? 今現在}{s3}の近くにい{reg3?ました るはずです}。 qstr_{s2}_{reg3?was is}_i|{s2} {reg3?は は}野外を進行中で^{reg4?彼女 彼}は{reg3? 今現在}{s3}の近くにい{reg3?ました るはずです}。 qstr_{s2}_{reg3?was is}_b|{s2} は{s3}で捕虜になって{reg3?いた いる}はずです。 qstr_{s2}_{reg3?was has_b|{s2} は敵将の捕虜になって{reg3?いた いる}はずです。 qstr_{reg3?{s2}_s_locatio|{reg3?{s2}の居場所はつかめていません 私は{s2}の居場所は知りません}。 qstr_{s6}_has_joined_your|{s6}がパーティに加わった。 qstr_You_now_owe_{reg2}_d|あなたは{s1}に {reg2}デナル借りている。 qstr_Renown_value_for_thi|この戦闘で得られる名声は {reg8} 。 qstr_You_have_run_into_a_|罠にかかった! qstr_You_are_attacked_by_|山賊の襲撃を受けた! qstr_Holding|待機 qstr_Following|追従 qstr_Charging|攻撃 qstr_Advancing|前進 qstr_Falling_Back|後退 qstr_Standing_Closer|密集 qstr_Spreading_Out|散開 qstr_Standing|拠点防衛 qstr_N/A|不明 qstr_Free|自由 qstr_Any_Weapon|全ての武器 qstr_Blunt_Weapons|鈍器 qstr_{s1}_Rebels|解放軍{s1} qstr_Given_by _{s62}|依頼者 {s62} qstr_Given_on _{s60}|依頼日 {s60} qstr_You_have_{reg0}_days| (あと{reg0}日で完了しなければなりません。) qstr_This_quest_has_been_| (このクエストは完了しました。 {s59}と話して終了して下さい。) qstr_This_quest_has_been_s| (このクエストは成功しました。 {s59}と話して報酬を受け取って下さい。) qstr_This_quest_has_faile| (このクエストは失敗しました。 {s59}と話して状況を説明して下さい。) qstr_At_the_time_quest_wa|この依頼を受けた時 ^{s1} qstr_{s5}_has_a_strength_|{s5}の全兵力は{reg1}人です。 qstr_The_last_time_you_sa|最後に見た{reg1?彼女 彼}の場所:{s1} qstr_The_last_time_you_he|最後に聞いた{reg1?彼女 彼}の場所:{s1} qstr_Current_garrison_con|現在の守備隊は{reg5}人です。^{reg6}日分の食料を備蓄しています。 qstr_Very_Poor|困窮 qstr_Poor|やや困窮 qstr_Average|普通 qstr_Rich|やや繁栄 qstr_Very_Rich|繁栄 qstr_Manor|屋敷 qstr_A_manor_lets_you_res|屋敷では休息をとることができ、^その間は兵士達への報酬は通常の半額で済みます。^ qstr_Mill|製粉所 qstr_A_mill_increases_vil|製粉所は村の繁栄度を5%増加させます。^ qstr_Watch_Tower|見張り塔 qstr_A_watch_tower_lets_t|見張り塔は住民に早く危険を知らせます。^この影響で敵が村を略奪するのにかかる時間が50%余計にかかります。^ qstr_School|学校 qstr_A_shool_increases_th|学校はあなたに対する住民の友好度を毎月1増加させます。^ qstr_Messenger_Post|伝令詰所 qstr_A_messenger_post_let|伝令詰所があると、村に敵が迫ってきた時あなたがどこにいても、^村人はそれを知らせることが出来るようになります。^ qstr_Prison_Tower|囚人塔 qstr_A_prison_tower_reduc|囚人塔があると、ここに留めてある^捕虜達の脱走する確率が低くなります。^ qstr_Prosperity_of_{s2}_h|{s2}の繁栄度は{s3}から{s4}になりました。 qstr_{s4}_looks_upset.|{s4}は怒っているようです。 qstr_your_party|あなたのパーティ qstr_{reg0?One_of_your_pr|{reg0?あなたの捕虜、 }{s3}の{s1}が脱走しました! qstr_You_brought_{reg3}_h|あなたは{reg3}頭の牛を{s1}まで連れてきました。 qstr_I_heard_that_there_w|{s62}で近いうちに トーナメントが開催されるらしいですよ。 qstr_I_heard_that_one_can|{s63}では{s62}が とても安く買えるらしいですよ。 qstr_I_heard_that_they_pa|{s63}では{s62}が とても高く売れるらしいですよ。 qstr_two_days_ago|二日前 qstr_Best_threat_of_{s4}_|Best threat of {s4} has value level of {reg1} qstr_No_center_found_to_d|No center found to defend qstr_You_gain_right_to_ru|あなたは統治する権利を獲得した。 qstr_You_lose_right_to_ru|あなたは統治する権利を失った。 qstr_^Alive^Wound^Dead|^Alive^Wound^Dead qstr_U^{reg1}^{reg2}^{reg|U^{reg1}^{reg2}^{reg3} qstr_A^{reg4}^{reg5}^{reg|A^{reg4}^{reg5}^{reg6} qstr_E^{reg7}^{reg8}^{reg|E^{reg7}^{reg8}^{reg9} qstr__| qstr__{reg50}{reg51}_|({reg50},{reg51}) qstr_Name {s1}^Cash _{reg|名前 {s1}^所持金 {reg1}^預金 {reg2}^借金 {reg3}^クレジット枠 {reg4} qstr_You_lose_a_{s2}|You lose a {s2} qstr_Cracked|Cracked qstr_Rusty|Rusty qstr_Bent|Bent qstr_Chipped|Chipped qstr_Battered|Battered qstr_Poor2|Poor2 qstr_Crude|Crude qstr_Old|Old qstr_Cheap|Cheap qstr_Fine|Fine qstr_Well_made|Well made qstr_Sharp|Sharp qstr_Balanced|Balanced qstr_Tempered|Tempered qstr_Deadly|Deadly qstr_Exquisite|Exquisite qstr_Masterwork|Masterwork qstr_Heavy|Heavy qstr_Strong|Strong qstr_Powerful|Powerful qstr_Tattered|Tattered qstr_Ragged|Ragged qstr_Rough|Rough qstr_Sturdy|Sturdy qstr_Thick|Thick qstr_Hardened|Hardened qstr_Reinforced|Reinforced qstr_Superb|Superb qstr_Lordly|Lordly qstr_Lame|Lame qstr_Swaybacked|Swaybacked qstr_Stubborn|Stubborn qstr_Timid|Timid qstr_Meek|Meek qstr_Spirited|Spirited qstr_Champion|Champion qstr_Fresh|Fresh qstr_Day_old|Day old qstr_Two_day_old|Two day old qstr_Smelling|Smelling qstr_Rotten|Rotten qstr_Large_bag|Large bag qstr_Bonus!_You_get_a_spe|Bonus! You get a special item {s1}. qstr_wound _you_are_safe_|wound you are safe ! qstr_wounds _you_are_woun|wounds you are wounded at your arms ! qstr_wounds _you_are_wound|wounds you are wounded at your legs ! qstr_wounds _you_are_wounde|wounds you are wounded at your head ! qstr_Goodyour_arms_get_we|Good,your arms get well! qstr_Goodyour_legs_get_we|Good,your legs get well! qstr_Goodyour_head_get_we|Good,your head get well! qstr_you_are_satisfied_!|you are satisfied ! qstr_You_have_been_enlist|You have been enlisted! qstr_Current_rank _{s5}|Current rank {s5} qstr_You_have_left_your_c|You have left your commander! qstr_You_have_been_grante|You have been granted leave! qstr_You_have_rejoined_yo|You have rejoined your commander! qstr_{s3}_{s2}|{s3}, {s2} qstr_The_equipment_of_a_{|The equipment of a {s1} {s2}is assigned to you. qstr_The_equipment_of_a_{s|The equipment of a {s1} {s2}is taken from you. qstr_Hold|Hold qstr_{s1}_x{reg0}|{s1} x{reg0} qstr_Hold_Fire|Hold Fire qstr_Fire_at_Will|Fire at Will qstr_Use_Shield|Use Shield qstr_Back_10_Paces|Back 10 Paces qstr_One_Handed_Weapons|One-Handed Weapons qstr_Two_Handed_Weapons|Two-Handed Weapons qstr_Ranged_Weapons|Ranged Weapons qstr_{s2}^{s1}|{s2}^{s1} qstr_No_Position_Orders|No Position Orders qstr_No_Weapons_Orders|No Weapons Orders qstr_ready_bows_and_missi|ready bows and missiles qstr_ready_side_arms|ready side arms qstr_ready_two_handers|ready two-handers qstr_ready_polearms|ready polearms qstr_brandish_shields|brandish shields qstr_doff_your_shields|doff your shields qstr_shields_at_will|shields at will qstr_avoid_melee|avoid melee qstr_stand_and_fight|stand and fight qstr_prepare_to_volley|prepare to volley qstr_end_volley|end volley qstr_brace_for_charge|brace for charge qstr_remove_brace_and_fig|remove brace and fight qstr_Everyone|Everyone qstr_No_Troops_Left.|No Troops Left. qstr_Undefined!|Undefined! qstr_DEBUG_ _Weather_pena|DEBUG Weather penalty {reg2}% - {s0} {reg0} to {reg1} qstr_DEBUG_ _{s0}_profici|DEBUG {s0} proficiency restored to {reg1} qstr_ranks|ranks qstr_shield_wall|shield wall qstr_wedge|wedge qstr_square|square qstr_up|up qstr_Not_enough_troops_in|Not enough troops in {s2} to form {s1}, but holding. qstr_infantry|infantry qstr_archer|archer qstr_cavalry|cavalry qstr_polearm|polearm qstr_skirmisher|skirmisher qstr_mounted_archer|mounted archer qstr_support|support qstr_bodyguard|bodyguard qstr_undetermined_type_of|undetermined type of qstr_{s1} _infantry_forma|{s1} infantry formation disassembled. qstr_{s1} _archer_formati|{s1} archer formation disassembled. qstr_{s1} _skirmisher_for|{s1} skirmisher formation disassembled. qstr_{s1} _cavalry_format|{s1} cavalry formation disassembled. qstr_{s1} _formation_disa|{s1} formation disassembled. qstr_Cavalry_formation_di|Cavalry formation disassembled. qstr_You_got_keys_of_dung|You got keys of dungeon. qstr_You_have_been_knocke|You have been knocked out by the enemy. Watch your men continue the fight without you or press Tab to retreat. qstr_{reg3?{s1}_s_profici|{reg3?{s1}'s proficiency in one handed weapon has improved by {reg2} to {reg1}. {s1}'s one handed weapon proficiency have reach to {reg1}.} qstr_{reg3?{s1}_s_proficie|{reg3?{s1}'s proficiency in two handed weapon has improved by {reg2} to {reg1}. {s1}'s two handed weapon proficiency have reach to {reg1}.} qstr_{reg3?{s1}_s_proficien|{reg3?{s1}'s proficiency in polearm has improved by {reg2} to {reg1}. {s1}'s polearm proficiency have reach to {reg1}.} qstr_{reg3?{s1}_s_proficienc|{reg3?{s1}'s proficiency in archery has improved by {reg2} to {reg1}. {s1}'s archery proficiency have reach to {reg1}.} qstr_{reg3?{s1}_s_proficiency|{reg3?{s1}'s proficiency in crossbow has improved by {reg2} to {reg1}. {s1}'s crossbow proficiency have reach to {reg1}.} qstr_{reg3?{s1}_s_proficiency_|{reg3?{s1}'s proficiency in throwing has improved by {reg2} to {reg1}. {s1}'s throwing proficiency have reach to {reg1}.} qstr_{s21}_hits_with_{s22|{s21} hits with {s22} for {reg20} damage and breaks it. qstr_Delivered_{reg1}_ext|Delivered {reg1} extra damage from behind! qstr_Received_{reg1}_extr|Received {reg1} extra damage from behind! qstr_Delivered_{reg1}_extr|Delivered {reg1} extra damage to horse. qstr_Delivered_{reg1}_extra|Delivered {reg1} extra damage. qstr_Horse_received_{reg1|Horse received {reg1} extra damage. qstr_Releasing_spear.|Releasing spear. qstr_Your_horse_received_|Your horse received {reg1} damage from a braced spear! qstr_The_injury_causes_yo|The injury causes your grip on the spear to slip! qstr_Spear_wall_dealt_{re|Spear-wall dealt {reg1} damage! qstr_Bracing_spear_for_ch|Bracing spear for charge. qstr_You_whistle_for_your|You whistle for your horse. qstr_Everyone_you_know_wh|Everyone, you know what to do. To your positions! qstr_{reg2?You Your_mount|{reg2?You Your mount} received {reg1} extra damage! qstr_{reg2?You_strike You|{reg2?You strike Your horse charges} for {reg1} bonus damage! qstr_Braced_{s1}_dealt_{r|Braced {s1} dealt {reg1} damage! qstr_Bracing_{s1}_for_cha|Bracing {s1} for charge. qstr_Releasing_from_brace|Releasing from brace. qstr_...and_attack_enemy_|...and attack enemy {s1} division! qstr_{s2} _returning_afte|{s2} returning after destroying enemy {s1} division. qstr_You_must_stay_behind|You must stay behind the line on the ground! Point is not counted. qstr_Tutorial|Tutorial qstr_XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX|XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXxxxxx qstr_Select_the_Tactics ^|Select the Tactics ^^^Select 'Yes' for a frontal attack that you will fight hand-to-hand while your ship connecting with the enemy's. ^^Select 'No' for an Outflanking attack that you will move around and fight circuitously. qstr_Fight_Hand_to_hand!|Fight Hand-to-hand! qstr_Outflanking_Tactics_|Outflanking Tactics Success! qstr_Outflanking_Tactics_F|Outflanking Tactics Failure! qstr_{s1}_withdrawal_from|{s1} withdrawal from battle for drowning! qstr_Cannot_leave_now.|Cannot leave now. qstr_Enabled|Enabled qstr_Disable|Disable qstr_Enable|Enable qstr_You_came_into_the_wo|You came into the world a {reg3?daughter son} of declining nobility, owning only the house in which they lived. However, despite your family's hardships, they afforded you a good education and trained you from childhood for the rigors of aristocracy and life at court. qstr_You_were_born_the_{r|You were born the {reg3?daughter son} of travelling merchants, always moving from place to place in search of a profit. Although your parents were wealthier than most and educated you as well as they could, you found little opportunity to make friends on the road, living mostly for the moments when you could sell something to somebody. qstr_As_a_child_your_fami|As a child, your family scrabbled out a meagre living from your father's wages as a guardsman to the local lord. It was not an easy existence, and you were too poor to get much of an education. You learned mainly how to defend yourself on the streets, with or without a weapon in hand. qstr_{reg3?daughter son}|{reg3?daughter son} qstr_You_were_the_{reg3?d|You were the {reg3?daughter son} of a family who lived off the woods, doing whatever they needed to make ends meet. Hunting, woodcutting, making arrows, even a spot of poaching whenever things got tight. Winter was never a good time for your family as the cold took animals and people alike, but you always lived to see another dawn, though your brothers and sisters might not be so fortunate. qstr_You_were_a_child_of_|You were a child of the steppe, born to a tribe of wandering nomads who lived in great camps throughout the arid grasslands. Like the other tribesmen, your family revered horses above almost everything else, and they taught you how to ride almost before you learned how to walk. qstr_As_the_{reg3?daughte|As the {reg3?daughter son} of a thief, you had very little 'formal' education. Instead you were out on the street, begging until you learned how to cut purses, cutting purses until you learned how to pick locks, all the way through your childhood. Still, these long years made you streetwise and sharp to the secrets of cities and shadowy backways. qstr_As_a_{reg3?girl boy}|As a {reg3?girl boy} growing out of childhood, you were sent to live in the court of one of the nobles of the land. There, your first lessons were in humility, as you waited upon the lords and ladies of the household. But from their chess games, their gossip, even the poetry of great deeds and courtly love, you quickly began to learn about the adult world of conflict and competition. You also learned from the rough games of the other children, who battered at each other with sticks in imitation of their elders' swords. qstr_As_a_{reg3?girl boy}_|As a {reg3?girl boy} growing out of childhood, you apprenticed with a local craftsman to learn a trade. After years of hard work and study under your new master, he promoted you to journeyman and employed you as a fully paid craftsman for as long as you wished to stay. qstr_As_a_{reg3?girl boy}_g|As a {reg3?girl boy} growing out of childhood, you apprenticed to a wealthy merchant, picking up the trade over years of working shops and driving caravans. You soon became adept at the art of buying low, selling high, and leaving the customer thinking they'd got the better deal. qstr_As_a_{reg3?girl boy}_gr|As a {reg3?girl boy} growing out of childhood, you took to the streets, doing whatever you must to survive. Begging, thieving and working for gangs to earn your bread, you lived from day to day in this violent world, always one step ahead of the law and those who wished you ill. qstr_As_a_{reg3?girl boy}_gro|As a {reg3?girl boy} growing out of childhood, you rode the great steppes on a horse of your own, learning the ways of the grass and the desert. Although you sometimes went hungry, you became a skillful hunter and pathfinder in this trackless country. Your body too started to harden with muscle as you grew into the life of a nomad {reg3?woman man}. qstr_{reg3?daughter man}|{reg3?daughter man} qstr_Though_the_distincti|Though the distinction felt sudden to you, somewhere along the way you had become a {reg3?woman man}, and the whole world seemed to change around you. When you were named squire to a noble at court, you practiced long hours with weapons, learning how to deal out hard knocks and how to take them, too. You were instructed in your obligations to your lord, and of your duties to those who might one day be your vassals. But in addition to learning the chivalric ideal, you also learned about the less uplifting side -- old warriors' stories of ruthless power politics, of betrayals and usurpations, of men who used guile as well as valor to achieve their aims. qstr_{reg3?woman man}|{reg3?woman man} qstr_Though_the_distinctio|Though the distinction felt sudden to you, somewhere along the way you had become a {s13}, and the whole world seemed to change around you. You joined the tightly-knit circle of women at court, ladies who all did proper ladylike things, the wives and mistresses of noble men as well as maidens who had yet to find a husband. However, even here you found politics at work as the ladies schemed for prominence and fought each other bitterly to catch the eye of whatever unmarried man was in fashion at court. You soon learned ways of turning these situations and goings-on to your advantage. With it came the realisation that you yourself could wield great influence in the world, if only you applied yourself with a little bit of subtlety. qstr_Though_the_distinction|Though the distinction felt sudden to you, somewhere along the way you had become a {s13}, and the whole world seemed to change around you. You set out on your own with nothing except the instrument slung over your back and your own voice. It was a poor existence, with many a hungry night when people failed to appreciate your play, but you managed to survive on your music alone. As the years went by you became adept at playing the drunken crowds in your taverns, and even better at talking anyone out of anything you wanted. qstr_Though_the_distinction_|Though the distinction felt sudden to you, somewhere along the way you had become a {reg3?woman man}, and the whole world seemed to change around you. You found yourself as a student in the university of one of the great cities, where you studied theology, philosophy, and medicine. But not all your lessons were learned in the lecture halls. You may or may not have joined in with your fellows as they roamed the alleys in search of wine, women, and a good fight. However, you certainly were able to observe how a broken jaw is set, or how an angry townsman can be persuaded to set down his club and accept cash compensation for the destruction of his shop. qstr_Though_the_distinction_f|Though the distinction felt sudden to you, somewhere along the way you had become a {s13}, and the whole world seemed to change around you. Heeding the call of the open road, you travelled from village to village buying and selling what you could. It was not a rich existence, but you became a master at haggling even the most miserly elders into giving you a good price. Soon, you knew, you would be well-placed to start your own trading empire... qstr_Though_the_distinction_fe|Though the distinction felt sudden to you, somewhere along the way you had become a {s13}, and the whole world seemed to change around you. You pursued a career as a smith, crafting items of function and beauty out of simple metal. As time wore on you became a master of your trade, and fine work started to fetch fine prices. With food in your belly and logs on your fire, you could take pride in your work and your growing reputation. qstr_Though_the_distinction_fel|Though the distinction felt sudden to you, somewhere along the way you had become a {s13}, and the whole world seemed to change around you. Dissatisfied with common men's desperate scrabble for coin, you took to your local lord's own forests and decided to help yourself to its bounty, laws be damned. You hunted stags, boars and geese and sold the precious meat under the table. You cut down trees right under the watchmen's noses and turned them into firewood that warmed many freezing homes during winter. All for a few silvers, of course. qstr_Only_you_know_exactl|Only you know exactly what caused you to give up your old life and become an adventurer. Still, it was not a difficult choice to leave, with the rage burning brightly in your heart. You want vengeance. You want justice. What was done to you cannot be undone, and these debts can only be paid in blood... qstr_Only_you_know_exactly|Only you know exactly what caused you to give up your old life and become an adventurer. All you can say is that you couldn't bear to stay, not with the memories of those you loved so close and so painful. Perhaps your new life will let you forget, or honour the name that you can no longer bear to speak... qstr_Only_you_know_exactly_|Only you know exactly what caused you to give up your old life and become an adventurer. You're not even sure when your home became a prison, when the familiar became mundane, but your dreams of wandering have taken over your life. Whether you yearn for some faraway place or merely for the open road and the freedom to travel, you could no longer bear to stay in the same place. You simply went and never looked back... qstr_Only_you_know_exactly_w|Only you know exactly what caused you to give up your old life and become an adventurer. However, you know you cannot go back. There's nothing to go back to. Whatever home you may have had is gone now, and you must face the fact that you're out in the wide wide world. Alone to sink or swim... qstr_Only_you_know_exactly_wh|Only you know exactly what caused you to give up your old life and become an adventurer. To everyone else, it's clear that you're now motivated solely by personal gain. You want to be rich, powerful, respected, feared. You want to be the one whom others hurry to obey. You want people to know your name, and tremble whenever it is spoken. You want everything, and you won't let anyone stop you from having it... qstr_Back_to_the_beginnin|始めに戻る・・・ qstr_View_next_segment...|次項を見る・・・ qstr_^No_food ___{reg7}|^食料不足 -{reg7} qstr_^Wage_debt ___{reg6}|^報酬不足 -{reg6} qstr_Appoint_next_marshal|次期元帥を任命して下さい。 qstr_Award_{s12}_as_fief|領地から得られる収入{s12} qstr_No_one|特にない qstr_Selected_faction_is |選択された派閥 {s10}^^{s9} qstr_You_are_currently_re|あなたは現在「{s8}」を読んでいます。 qstr_You_are_not_reading_|現在読んでいる本はありません。 qstr_none|なし qstr_{s5}_and_{s6}|{s5}、 {s6} qstr_Your_estates_are _{s|領地 {s8}^{s9} qstr_Current_party_size_l|現在のパーティサイズの上限は {reg5}人です。^現在のパーティー上限補正内訳 ^基本サイズ +30^統率力による修正 {s2}{reg1}^魅力による修正 {s3}{reg2}^名声による修正 {s4}{reg3}^^合計 {reg5} qstr_Loyal|忠実な下僕です qstr_Devoted|献身的です qstr_Fond|愛しています qstr_Gracious|慕っています qstr_Friendly|友情を感じています qstr_Supportive|支持しています qstr_Favorable|好意的です qstr_Cooperative|協力的です qstr_Accepting|理解があります qstr_Indifferent|無関心です qstr_Suspicious|懐疑的です qstr_Grumbling|不満をもっています qstr_Hostile|敵意を感じています qstr_Resentful|恨んでいます qstr_Angry|怒っています qstr_Hateful|憎んでいます qstr_Revengeful|復讐心を抱いています qstr_Vengeful|生涯の敵だと考えています qstr_Your_relation_with_t|勢力からの友好度 ^{s2} qstr_Vous_etes_rassasi??_|Vous etes rassasi?? ! qstr_Vous_etes_affam??_et|Vous etes affam?? et vous vous sentez faible ! malus for -2/ ag -1 qstr_Rapport_de_sant?? ^{|Rapport de sant?? ^{s3} qstr_intacts|intacts qstr_Vous_etes_bless??_a_|Vous etes bless?? a la jambe ! malus for -1/ ag -1 qstr_Jambes _{s9}|Jambes {s9} qstr_Vous_etes_bless??_au|Vous etes bless?? au bras ! malus for -3/ ag -4 qstr_Bras _{s7}|Bras {s7} qstr_intacte|intacte qstr_Vous_etes_gri??vemen|Vous etes gri??vement bless?? a la t?ate ! malus for -1/ int -4/ cha -5/ equit/ -1 qstr_T?ate _{s5}|T?ate {s5} qstr_Player_renown_is_inc|Player renown is increased by 100. qstr_Player_honor_is_incr|Player honor is increased by 1 and it is now {reg7}. qstr_{reg1}_{s1}_{reg2?ac|{reg1} {s1} {reg2?accept accepts} the offer. qstr_No_one_accepts_the_o|No one accepts the offer. qstr_You_start_reading_{s|You start reading {s2}. After a few pages, you feel you could learn a lot from this book. You decide to keep it close by and read whenever you have the time. qstr_You_flip_through_the|You flip through the pages of {s2}, but you find the text confusing and difficult to follow. Try as you might, it soon gives you a headache, and you're forced to give up the attempt. qstr_Villagers|Villagers qstr_You_have_encountered|You have encountered {s1}. qstr_You_have_engaged_{s1|You have engaged {s1} while they were raiding {s3}. qstr_You_were_caught_by_{|You were caught by {s1} while your forces were raiding {s3}. qstr_{s4}^^The_troops_you|{s4}^^The troops you selected are ready to join you in battle. qstr_{s4}^^Your_captains_|{s4}^^Your captains will deal with troop assignments. qstr_{s4}^^Your_orders_ha|{s4}^^Your orders have been sent to your captains. qstr_{s4}^^There_is_no_ta|{s4}^^There is no tactical plan in place. qstr_You_were_victorious!|You were victorious! qstr_Battle_was_lost._You|Battle was lost. Your forces were utterly crushed. qstr_Your_companions_carr|Your companions carry you away from the fighting. qstr_You_have_defeated_th|You have defeated the enemy. qstr_You_have_retreated_f|You have retreated from the fight. qstr_^^Ally_Casualties {s|^^Ally Casualties {s0} qstr_{s1}_of_{s3}_managed|{s1} of {s3} managed to escape. qstr_Some_of_your_tendons|Some of your tendons have been damaged in the battle. You lose 1 strength. qstr_You_took_a_nasty_wou|You took a nasty wound which will cause you to limp slightly even after it heals. You lose 1 agility. qstr_You_have_trouble_thi|You have trouble thinking straight after the battle, perhaps from a particularly hard hit to your head, and frequent headaches now plague your existence. Your intelligence is reduced by 1. qstr_Perhaps_I_m_getting_|Perhaps I'm getting unlucky... qstr_Retirement_is_starti|Retirement is starting to sound better and better. qstr_No_matter!_I_will_pe|No matter! I will persevere! qstr_What_did_I_do_to_des|What did I do to deserve this? qstr_I_suppose_it_ll_make|I suppose it'll make for a good story, at least... qstr_{s9}_wants_you_to_fo|{s9} wants you to follow his army until further notice. qstr_{s8}_of_{s9}|{s8} of {s9} qstr__Your_own_banner_fli| Your own banner flies over the castle gate. qstr__You_see_the_banner_| You see the banner of {s7} over the castle gate. qstr__Your_own_banner_flie| Your own banner flies over the town gates. qstr__You_see_the_banner_o| You see the banner of {s7} over the town gates. qstr_The_{reg6?town_s cas|The {reg6?town's castle's} food stores should last for {reg3} more days. qstr_The_{reg6?town_s cast|The {reg6?town's castle's} food stores have run out and the defenders are starving. qstr_You_re_preparing_to_|You're preparing to attack the walls, the work should finish in {reg9} hours. qstr_Your_forces_are_buil|Your forces are building a siege tower. They estimate another {reg9} hours to complete the build. qstr_You_are_ready_to_att|You are ready to attack the walls at any time. qstr_The_siege_tower_is_b|The siege tower is built and ready to make an assault. qstr_As_a_last_defensive_|As a last defensive effort, you retreat to the main hall of the keep. You and your remaining soldiers will put up a desperate fight here. If you are defeated, there's no other place to fall back to. qstr_You_ve_been_driven_a|You've been driven away from the walls. Now the attackers are pouring into the streets. IF you can defeat them, you can perhaps turn the tide and save the day. qstr_You_ve_breached_the_|You've breached the town walls, but the stubborn defenders continue to resist you in the streets! You'll have to deal with them before you can attack the keep at the heart of the town. qstr_The_town_centre_is_y|The town centre is yours, but the remaining defenders have retreated to the castle. It must fall before you can complete your victory. qstr_The_remaining_defend|The remaining defenders have retreated to the castle as a last defense. You must go in and crush any remaining resistance. qstr_However_since_you_ar|However, since you are not a sworn {man/follower} of {s9}, there is no chance he would recognize you as the {lord/lady} of this {reg8?town castle}. qstr_The_enemy_has_been_f|The enemy has been forced to retreat. The assault is over, but the siege continues. qstr_As_you_approach_you_|As you approach, you are spotted by the castle guards, who welcome you and open the gates for their {king/queen}. qstr_As_you_approach_you_a|As you approach, you are spotted by the castle guards, who welcome you and open the gates for their {lord/lady}. qstr__This_village_and_th| This village and the surrounding lands belong to you. qstr__You_remember_that_t| You remember that this village and the surrounding lands belong to {s7}. qstr__These_lands_belong_| These lands belong to no one. qstr__The_village_is_infe| The village is infested by {reg8} {s35}. qstr__The_village_has_bee| The village has been looted. A handful of souls scatter as you pass through the burnt out houses. qstr__The_village_is_bein| The village is being raided. qstr_No_one_here_seems_to|No one here seems to be willing to join your party. qstr_One_{s3}_volunteers_|One {s3} volunteers to follow you. qstr_{reg5}_{s3}_voluntee|{reg5} {s3} volunteer to follow you. qstr_Try_as_you_might_you|Try as you might, you could not defeat the bandits. Infuriated, they raze the village to the ground to punish the peasants, and then leave the burning wasteland behind to find greener pastures to plunder. qstr_village|village qstr_town|town qstr_castle|castle qstr_The_{s17}_has_no_imp|The {s17} has no improvements. qstr_The_{s17}_has_the_fo|The {s17} has the following improvements {s18}. qstr_The_assasins_beat_yo|The assasins beat you down and leave you for dead. . qstr_You_have_fallen._The|You have fallen. The bandits quickly search your body for every coin they can find, then vanish into the night. They have left you alive, if only barely. qstr_Luckily_some_of_your|Luckily some of your companions come to search for you when you do not return, and find you lying by the side of the road. They hurry you to safety and dress your wounds. qstr_Luckily_some_passing|Luckily some passing townspeople find you lying by the side of the road, and recognise you as something other than a simple beggar. They carry you to the nearest inn and dress your wounds. qstr_You_fail_to_steal_an|You fail to steal any cattle. qstr_You_drive_away_{reg1|You drive away {reg17} {reg12?heads head} of cattle from the village's herd. qstr_You_are_at_{s2}.|You are at {s2}. qstr__This_castle_has_no_| This castle has no garrison. qstr__This_town_has_no_ga| This town has no garrison. qstr__You_have_successful| You have successfully sneaked in. qstr_{s13}_A_tournament_w|{s13} A tournament will be held here soon. qstr___{reg1}_denars_per_| ({reg1} denars per night) qstr_Moreover_you_earn_{r|Moreover, you earn {reg8} denars from the clever bets you placed on yourself... qstr_Victory_is_yours!_Yo|Victory is yours! You have won this melee, but now you must prepare yourself for the next round. qstr_You_have_been_bested|You have been bested in this melee, but the master of ceremonies declares a recognition of your skill and bravery, allowing you to take part in the next round. qstr_You_were_beaten._The|You were beaten. The peasants are heartened by their success, but the lesson you wanted to teach them probably didn't get through... qstr_After_beating_your_l|After beating your last opponent, you explain to the peasants how to better defend themselves against such an attack. Hopefully they'll take the experience on board and will be prepared next time. qstr_The_bandits_are_brok|The bandits are broken! Those few who remain alive and conscious run off with their tails between their legs, terrified of the peasants and their new champion. qstr_{s1}_s_Ship|{s1}'s Ship qstr_However_{reg3?You_ar|However, {reg3?You are {s1} is} unable to find any trade goods that would bring a profit. qstr_^Buying_{s4}_here_an|^Buying {s4} here and selling it at {s5} would bring a profit of {reg6} denars per item.{s3} qstr_{reg3?You_find {s1}_|{reg3?You find {s1} finds} out the following ^{s3} qstr_{s2}^{reg1}_{s1}_ear|{s2}^{reg1} {s1} earned {reg0} experience. qstr_{s2}^{s1}_earned_an_|{s2}^{s1} earned an additional {reg0} experience. qstr_^You_earned_{reg0}_e|^You earned {reg0} experience.{s2} qstr_The_training_didn_t_|The training didn't go well at all. qstr_The_training_didn_t_g|The training didn't go very well. qstr_The_training_went_qu|The training went quite well. qstr_The_training_went_ve|The training went very well. qstr_The_training_went_pe|The training went perfectly. qstr_{s13}_asked_you_to_r|{s13} asked you to report to him with at least {reg13} troops. qstr_{s13}_ordered_you_to|{s13} ordered you to join the assault against {s14}. qstr_Find_and_speak_with_|Find and speak with {s3} of {s4} to give him your oath of homage. qstr_There_has_been_an_al|There has been an alleged border incident {s9} qstr_^^Note_that_so_long_|^^Note that so long as you remain marshal, the lords of the realm will be expecting you to lead them on campaign. So, if you are awaiting a feast, either for a wedding or for other purposes, you may wish to resign the marshalship by speaking to your liege. qstr_ERROR_IN_THE_RECRUIT|ERROR IN THE RECRUITER KIT GAME MENUS RECRUITER CALCULATION! qstr_Now_your_party_now_c|注意! あなたの部隊は現在速く動くことができます。しかしパーティーの士気を低下させます。 qstr_Now_your_party_now_ca|現在あなたの部隊は隠密行動がとれますが、あなたの統率力によれば有効時間は{reg1}時間です。 qstr_Gift_{reg1}_{s1}_as_|贈り物として{reg1}人の {s1}を奴隷として渡しました。 qstr_They_joined_your_par|彼らはあなたのパーティーに参加しました。 qstr_There_is_no_capacity|参加資格はありません! qstr_successd|成功 qstr_You_have_reached_the|あなたは前哨基地の限界に達しました! qstr_Outpost_built!|前哨基地が建てられました! qstr_You_don_t_have_enoug|前哨基地を建設するのに十分なお金がありません! qstr_Outpost_upgraded.|前哨基地のアップグレード qstr_You_don_t_have_enough|前哨基地をアップグレードするのに十分なお金がありません qstr_Patrol_enlisted!|パトロールを組織しました! qstr_Outpost_Patrol|前哨基地のパトロール qstr_You_don_t_have_enough_|パトロールを組織するのに十分なお金がありません。 qstr_Basic|Basic qstr_Regular|Regular qstr_Advanced|Advanced qstr_Expert|Expert qstr_Patrol_trained!|パトロール隊を訓練する! qstr_You_don_t_have_enough_m|パトロール隊を訓練するのに十分なお金がありません。 qstr_Outpost_demolished.|前哨基地が解体されました。 qstr_You_don_t_have_enough_mo|前哨基地を解体するのに十分なお金がありません! qstr__Your_own_banner_flies| 貴方の旗が砦の上に掲げられています。 qstr__You_see_the_banner_of| {s7}の旗が砦の上に掲げられています。 qstr__The_townsfolk_here_|ここの町民は独立を宣言した。 qstr_You_have_deserted_an|貴方は落ちぶれ、賞金首の身です! qstr_Breaking_camp...|キャンプの破棄... qstr_You_have_broken_off_|あなたは{s1}の包囲を打ち破った。 qstr_You_cannot_maintain_|この距離から{s1}の包囲を維持することはできません。 あなたの包囲網が崩れる危険があります。 qstr_You_have_broken_off_y|あなたは{s1}の襲撃を阻止した。 qstr_Kingdom_Fails_to_Res|王国は反応せず^^{s1}は{s2}の挑発に応じず、^{s3}は{reg4?彼女 彼}の好戦的主張のため面目を失った・・・。^ qstr_{reg0}.{reg1}|{reg0}.{reg1} qstr_PBOD_Updated_to_vers|PBOD Updated to version 0.{s1} qstr_Your_party_is_spotte|Your party is spotted by {s1}. qstr_Party_has_nothing_to|Party has nothing to eat! qstr_{reg1}_{s1}_{reg2?ha|{reg1} {s1} {reg2?have has} escaped from your party during the night. qstr_{s1}_of_{s3}_has_bee|{s1} of {s3} has been released from captivity. qstr_Building_of_{s0}_in_|Building of {s0} in {s4} has been completed. qstr_{s1}_has_won_the_tou|{s1} has won the tournament at {s2}. qstr_{s1}_is_no_longer_in|{s1} is no longer infested by bandits (at night). qstr_You_pay_for_accommod|You pay for accommodation. qstr_Betrothal_to_{s5}_ex|Betrothal to {s5} expires qstr__Your_tactics_skill_| Your tactics skill has increased by 1. qstr__Your_persuasion_ski| Your persuasion skill has increased by 1. qstr__Your_leadership_ski| Your leadership skill has increased by 1. qstr__Your_intelligence_h| Your intelligence has increased by 1. qstr__Your_trade_skill_ha| Your trade skill has increased by 1. qstr__Your_weapon_master_| Your weapon master skill has increased by 1. qstr__Your_engineer_skill| Your engineer skill has increased by 1. qstr_You_have_finished_re|You have finished reading {s1}.{s2} qstr_Book_Read|Book Read qstr_{s1}_is_scouted.|{s1} is scouted. qstr_{s1}_has_switched_fr|{s1} has switched from {s2} to {s3}. qstr_Notice!_The_Bank_ask|Notice! The Bank ask you to pay back the money! Otherwise They will take any measures qstr_Notice!_The_Bank_has|Notice! The Bank has confiscated your depositc in bank. If you don't pay back the money in time, they will take extreme measures! qstr_Notice!Cover_up_is_n|Notice!Cover up is now end. qstr_You_spend_lot_time_i|You spend lot time in desert! qstr_You_spend_lot_time_in|You spend lot time in ocean! qstr_yanhuiinfo|yanhuiinfo qstr_ERROR_IN_THE_RECRUITE|ERROR IN THE RECRUITER KIT SIMPLE TRIGGERS! qstr_A_recruiter_has_brou|A recruiter has brought {reg10} recruits to {s13}. qstr_You_are_not_strong_e|You are not strong enough to lift a weapon fit for your promotion! qstr_You_are_not_strong_en|You are not strong enough to hold all that weight required with promotion!. qstr_Your_arms_are_to_wea|Your arms are to weak to advance in the artillary at this moment. qstr_You_require_more_hor|You require more horse riding skills to fit your next poisition! qstr_The_released_prisone|The released prisoners were not be trusted and they are preparing to attack you! qstr_Warning!|Warning! qstr_The_released_prisoner|The released prisoners scattered as soon as the battle finished. You will not be seeing them again. qstr_Notice!|Notice! qstr_The_released_prisoners|The released prisoners have remained loyal and will join your party qstr_You_have_{reg0}_days_|You have {reg0} days left till you are declared as a deserter! qstr_You_have_now_been_de|You have now been declared as a deserter! qstr_any_kind_of|any kind of qstr_France|フランス qstr_Moscow|モスクワ qstr_German|ドイツ qstr_Lombardy|ロンバルディア同盟 qstr_Kalmarunionen|カルマル同盟 qstr_Ottoman|オスマン帝国 qstr_China|明 qstr_England|イングランド qstr_Spain|スペイン qstr_Mongol|モンゴル qstr_Japan|日本 qstr_Safavid|サファヴィー朝 qstr_poland_lポーランド・リトアニア共和国 qstr_North_Africa|北アフリカ qstr_Indian_Tribes|インディアン部族 qstr_Portugal|ポルトガル qstr_Deli|デリー qstr_Soutueast_Asia|東南アジア qstr_Korea|朝鮮 qstr_Jurchen|女真 qstr_Kazakh|カザフ qstr_Crimean|クリミア qstr_Mamluk|マムルーク qstr_Scotland|スコットランド qstr_Azteca|アステカ qstr_Maya|マヤ qstr_Livonia|リヴォニア qstr_Saint_John|聖ヨハネ騎士団 qstr_Songhai|ソンガイ qstr_neutral|中立 qstr_{reg65?my_Lady my_Lo|{reg65?陛下 陛下} qstr_{reg65?My_Lady My_Lo|{reg65?陛下 陛下} qstr_{reg65?madame sir}|{reg65?マダム 閣下} qstr_{reg65?Madame Sir}|{reg65?マダム 閣下} qstr__no_fiefs_|(領地はありません) qstr__fiefs _{s0}_|(領地 {s0}) qstr_It_s_your_money_or_y|よぉ{兄弟/姉ちゃん}、ここを通りたければ、^金か命のどちらかを差し出しな! qstr_Lucky_for_you_you_ca|お前はツイてる。今の俺は実に機嫌がいい。^有り金ぜんぶ出しな。そうすりゃ殺さないでやるかも知れん。 qstr_This_a_robbery_eh?_I|俺たちゃ強盗だぜ?^お前の全財産を俺と兄弟に差し出さなきゃ^ここまでの命ってことよ。わかったな? qstr_we_have_made_very_li|ほとんど進展していない qstr_we_have_suceeded_in_|いくつか領土を獲得したが、まだ道のりは遠い qstr_we_have_become_a_sig|我々は大勢力となり、勝利を得る好機である qstr_we_are_winning_the_w|我々は戦争に勝利しているが、戦はまだ続いている qstr_we_are_on_the_verge_|我々の勝利は目前である。^残っている敵は脅威ではないが殲滅する必要がある qstr_head|head qstr_tail|tail qstr_{playername}_when_we|{playername}よ、我々がこの長い旅路を始めた時、^私を助ける勇気を持つ人間は少なかった。^そして私の為に命を投げ出す覚悟を持つ人間となると^殆どいなかった。だがお前は私の敵と命を懸けて戦うのに^なんら躊躇しなかった。我々は数多くの苦難を体験し、^もう全ての希望が失われたと思う時すらあった。^だが神の助けにより、我らは生き残った。^今こそ私はお前の隊を抜け玉座に座り、{s3}を^統治すると言う重大な責任を背負おう。^私の前には未だに多くの困難が待ち受けているが、^お前がいれば何ほどの事も無い。そしてもちろん、^お前は常に私の一番重要な家臣であり続けるだろう。 qstr__We_will_of_course_n| 我が国の軍事行動が一段落つくまで待つ必要があるがな。 qstr_I_am_{s4}_the_ruler_|我は{s4}、 {s6}の長である qstr_I_am_{s4}_a_vassal_o|我は{s4}、 {s6}の臣下である qstr_{s9}{reg5?_and_the_l|{s9}。^{reg5? {s8}が私の領地だ。 } qstr_{s13}_asked_you_to_g|{s13}から、{reg3}頭の牛を集めて^彼の元へ送り届けるように命じられた。 qstr_{s9}_asked_you_to_sc|{s9} はあなたに {s13}、 {s14}、 {s15} を偵察し、報告するように命じた。 qstr_you|you qstr_You_are_challenging_|貴公が私に決闘を挑むだと?何と滑稽な! よかろう{playername}よ、 貴公の頭を叩き潰すのは良い運動になろうて。 qstr_{s16}_and_{s17}|{s16}、 {s17} qstr_Very_well_I_will_acc|よろしい、もしもう一度誓いを立てると言うのなら^我が隊に復帰する事を認めてやろう。 qstr_A_pardon_will_only_b|和平を結びたいのなら {s17} を私に譲渡しろ。^合意するか? qstr_No._There_is_no_chan|いや、私は和平などに興味はない。有り得ん事だ。 qstr_Our_marshal_{s1}|我らが元帥、 {s1} qstr_{s11}_and_{s12}|{s11}、 {s12} qstr_We_are_not_at_war_wi|我らはどの勢力とも戦争状態にはない。 qstr_We_are_at_war_with_{|我らは{s12}と戦争中である。 qstr_go_on_the_offensive_|今こそ、攻勢に移る qstr_act_to_defend_our_la|我らの領土を守るべく行動する qstr_take_more_time_to_ga|より時間をかけて軍を結集する qstr_You_promised_to_help|あなたは {s13} が {s14} の^玉座を手に入れるのを支援すると約束した。 qstr_What_do_you_say_to_e|あなたは傭兵の指揮官として、 {s9}の軍に入るのに何か言う事はありますか? 私は、あなたは職務を果たすことができると信じています。 qstr_{s9}_asked_you_to_ta|{s9}はあなたに、 {s13}へ手紙を届けるよう依頼した。^{s13}は依頼を受けた時点では {s4}にいたはずだ。 qstr_{s9}_asked_you_to_tak|{s9}から、{s15}の{s13}へ 手紙を届けるよう依頼された。^{s13}は依頼を受けた時点では {s4}にいたはずだ。 qstr_{s11}_asked_you_to_e|あなたは{s11}に、彼の{s17}の{s13}を^{s14}へ届けるよう依頼された。 qstr_{s13}_asked_you_to_d|{s13}から{s15}の 村を襲い立て篭もった盗賊団を^退治するよう依頼された。完了後、彼に報告すること。 qstr_{s9}_asked_you_to_ra|{s9}から{reg1}人の {s14}を育成して^彼の元へ届けるよう依頼された。 qstr_{s9}_asked_you_to_co|{s9}から{s3}で税金を徴収するよう依頼された。^徴収金額の1/5が報酬として支払われる。 qstr_{s9}_asked_you_to_hu|{s9}から、{s4}という名の逃亡者を^追い詰めるよう依頼された。現在彼は{s3}にいるとされている。 qstr_{s9}_asked_you_to_as|{s9}から{s3}の 商人を暗殺するよう依頼された。 qstr_{s9}_has_asked_you_t|{s9}はあなたに{s13}に 潜んでいるスパイに会うように命じた。 qstr_{s11}_asked_you_to_f|{s11}はあなたに、もうすぐ{s12}から出発する^敵のスパイを尾行するように命じた。^スパイが尾行に気付かない様に慎重に後を追い、共謀者と合流した後に^彼らを捕縛し、{s11}のもとへ連行しろ。 qstr_{s11}_asked_you_to_c|{s11}はあなたに {s13}の卿の一人を捕縛し、^{s11}に連行してくる様に命じた。 qstr_{s9}_asked_you_to_le|{s9}から、仲間の{s3}を 1週間貸し出すよう依頼された。 qstr_{s9}_asked_you_to_col|{s9}から、{s3}が彼に借りた^{reg4}デナルを取り立てるよう依頼された。^{s3}は依頼を受けた時点では{s4}にいたはずだ。 qstr_{s11}_gave_you_a_fak|{s11}はあなたに、 {s13}が^彼の家臣{s16}を追放させる為の偽の手紙を手渡した。^あなたは{s14}の近くに行き、 あなたの{s15}の^一人に手紙を渡して命令が本物だと信じさせた後に、^街に密使として遣わせなければならない。 qstr_{s9}_has_requested_y|{s9}から、 {reg1}人の {s3}を^捕虜として連行するよう依頼された。 qstr_Lend_your_experience|外科手術の能力に優れる{s3}を {s1}に貸し出すよう依頼された。 qstr_Your_wife_asked_you_|Your wife asked you to get her a gift. Don't disappoint her! qstr_Then_take_it_with_my|私の永遠の感謝と共に受け取ってください。^あなたは高貴な{男性/女性}だ。この恩は絶対に忘れません。 qstr_Forgive_me_{playerna|お願いです、{playername}、受け取ってください。^あなたに受けた恩に比べればこの程度のお金はなんでも^ありません。受け取って、この事はもう忘れましょう。 qstr_{playername}_what_a_|{playername}、あなたはなんと素晴らしい{男性/女性}だろう。^でもこれだけは受け取ってほしいの。^私はあなたに言葉で言い表すのが^不可能な位の借りができてしまったわ。^それにあなたならこのお金を^私よりずっとうまく使えるでしょう。 qstr_{s11}_asked_you_to_r|{s11}はあなたに彼女の{s17}、{s13}を {s14}から^服をすり替え代わりに牢獄に入る事で助けて欲しいと頼んだ。 qstr_{s11}_asked_you_to_re|{s11}は{s14}から、 彼女の{s17}である {s13}の救出を依頼した。 qstr_{s11}_asked_you_to_d|{s11}はあなたに {s14}に投獄されている^{s13}に手紙を送るように依頼した。 qstr_You_agreed_to_challe|あなたは{s11}の名誉を守るため、^{s13}に挑む事に合意した。 qstr_{s5}__Persuasion_str|{s5}(説得力 {reg5}) qstr_Persuasion_Attempt|説得の試み qstr_Your_current_action_|Your current action is disgraceful. qstr_A_villager_from_{s7}|{s7}村の住民から、彼らの村を襲い立て篭もった^盗賊団を退治するよう依頼された。 qstr_You_chose_well_{sir/|良いご選択ですよ、閣下。^私の仲間達は皆約束を守り、^報酬の稼ぎ方を知ってる奴ばかりですからね。 qstr_Well_done_{sir/madam|良いご選択ですよ、閣下。^我らの行く手に待ち受けるのは金銀財宝と上等な酒のみ、^恐れる敵なんてこの大陸にはいませんよ! qstr_We_are_at_your_servi|我々はこれからあなたの部下です、閣下。^ただ敵のいる方向さえ指差してください、^後は我々が片付けますから。 qstr_The_Guildmaster_of_{|{s13}のギルドマスターが、 あなたに近隣の追いはぎを始末する様に依頼した。 qstr_{s9}_of_{s3}_asked_y|{s3}の{s9}から、{reg5}個の{s6}を^{s4}の宿屋へ7日以内に届けるよう依頼された。 qstr_Escort_the_merchant_|隊商を {s8}の街まで護衛すること。 qstr_Merchant_{s9}_of_{s4|{s4}の商人{s9}から、 街の周辺にたむろする^厄介な盗賊団を退治するよう依頼された。 qstr_Guildmaster_of_{s4}_|{s4}のギルドマスターから、盗賊団に誘拐された少女の身代金として^{reg12}デナルを受け取った。 {s3}付近にいる盗賊団と会い、^身代金を渡さなければならない。^その後少女を{s4}まで連れ帰ること。 qstr_Guildmaster_of_{s4}_p|{s4}のギルドマスターは、もしあなたが^{s12}と{s13}による {s15}と {s14}間の 和平交渉の阻害を止めさせる事が出来れば、 {reg12}デナルを支払う事を約束した。^そのためには彼らを説得するか、 和平交渉が終わるまで捕縛しておかなければならない。 qstr_The_Guildmaster_of_{s|{s14}のギルドマスターはあなたに^{s14}を恐怖に陥れている盗賊達を退治するように頼みました。^彼らは夜のみに現れ、一人で歩いている人間だけを襲います。 qstr_Guildmaster_of_{s10}|{s10}のギルドマスターから、牛の群れを{s13}まで^届けるよう依頼された。{reg8}デナルが報酬として支払われる。 qstr_He_is_not_commanding|彼は現在兵を指揮していない。 qstr_He_currently_command|彼は現在{reg0}名の兵を指揮しています{reg1?。^その内{reg1}名が負傷しています }。 qstr_The_elder_of_the_vil|{s3}の村長から、{reg5}袋の穀物を持ってくるよう依頼された。 qstr_The_elder_of_the_vill|{s13}の村長はあなたに{reg5}人の農民を^盗賊と戦えるように訓練する事を頼んだ。 qstr_The_elder_of_the_villa|{s3}の村長から、{reg5}頭の牛を連れてくるよう依頼された。 qstr_{s16}_and_{s15}|{s16}、 {s15} qstr_I_can_smell_a_fat_pu|そんなに大きな財布じゃ一里離れてても金の匂いが解るぜ。^少しは軽くしたほうがいいんじゃないかい? qstr_Why_it_be_another_tr|おう、また偶然にも旅の人に会ってしまったぞ!^忠告しておくがね、この辺りはあんたの様な{男/女}には危険だ。^俺達にちょっとばかり寄付をしてくれれば^目的地まで安全に行けるぞ? qstr_Well_well_look_at_th|ほほう、こいつを見てみろよ!さっさと金を出すんだな。^じゃなきゃ俺達はあんたを痛い目にあわせにゃならん。 qstr_There_s_a_toll_for_p|ここを通る人間はみんな俺達に^通行料を払わなきゃいけないんでね。^とっとと財布を開いてもらおうか。 qstr_Another_fool_come_to|またマヌケが死ににきたのか?叩き潰してやろう! qstr_We_re_not_afraid_of_|貴様如きを恐れはしないぞ、{若造/嬢ちゃん}。戦いだ! qstr_That_was_a_mistake._|今の言葉は間違いだったな。^なるべく苦しませてから殺してやる。 qstr_Brave_words._Let_s_s|勇敢な事だな。だが果たして貴様の様な犬にそれが出来るかな? qstr_A_{s5}?_Well..._Yes_|{s5}だって?^まあ、確かにそうですけど、随分と変な質問ですね。 qstr_Eh?_No_it_most_certa|は?いや、どう見ても{s5}じゃないでしょう。^もし私があなたなら自分の目を疑いますね。 qstr_This_is_the_{reg4?to|ここは{s5}の{reg4?街 村}です。 qstr_{s6}_Our_{reg4?town |{s6} 私達の{reg4?街 村}とその周辺は^もちろん閣下が治めてらっしゃいます。 qstr_{s6}_Our_{reg4?town v|{s6} 私達の{reg4?街 村}とその周辺は^{s8}の{s7}に治められています。 qstr_{s3}_and_{s5}|{s3}、 {s5} qstr_{reg20?We_mostly_pro|{reg20?私達はここで主に{s5}を生産しています 最近特に生産しているものはないですね}。^もっと詳しいことがお知りになりたいのなら、^{reg4?ギルドマスター 村長}にお聞きください。彼はすぐそこにいるはずです。 qstr_We_are_currently_fol|あなたに従っています。 qstr_We_are_currently_hol|この場所を保持しています。 qstr_We_are_currently_pat|この地域を巡回しています。
https://w.atwiki.jp/handover/pages/35.html
Hiro was a person in charge of the financial system for many years, but he was ordered the overseas post and his successor was Kei. The financial system is used throughout the company and has many functions, so there are enormous knowledge to handover. What should we do to effectively handover huge knowledge to successors? If you pack a lot of knowledge in a short period of time, it may be difficult to settle as knowledge of the successor. There is enough handover period, it is possible to take time for handover. If you handover everything at once, failure would not be allowed. Have more than twice opportunity for handover. And communicate the knowledge little by little. Since there were multiple opportunities to hand over, Hiro was able to handover numerous amount of knowledge without difficulty. Also, Kei was able to have many opportunities to ask a question to Hiro. As a result, Kei was able to fully understand the knowledge, This pattern increases opportunities for using Immediate questions on the unclear spoy and Questions checking the successor s understanding. So it is recommended to use them together. Since this pattern needs enough time, you need to make enough time by using Timing of appointment or Intentionfor responsible handover. On the other hand, if you decided to use this pattern without enough time, you have to be prepared to follow through the Extra-ining for completion of the handover.
https://w.atwiki.jp/mrfrtech/pages/24.html
Computer-Aided Design Market Overview Market Research Future (MRFR), in its latest report on the Global Electrical Computer-Aided Design (ECAD) Market reveals that different forces that are likely to act on it. MRFR conducted a complete analysis on the impact of COVID 19 on the electrical computer-aided design (ECAD) market. MRFR study shows that the electrical computer-aided design market can rise at 9.22% CAGR across 2018 to 2024. The electrical computer-aided design market value can escalate from exhibiting USD 1,710.1 million in 2018 to USD 2,860.3 Million by 2024. Increase in awareness about Electrical computer-aided design (ECAD) benefits, such as easy-to-use, real-time standalone, and multi-user electrical design tool that efficiently resolve electrical interconnections for complex electrical systems is expected to support the rise of the ECAD market across the analysis period. Features, such as designing circuits accurately, quickly, and with optimization of the overall design process can promote the rise of the electrical computer-aided design market in the years to come. The increase in the application of ECAD in diagram making, concurrent designing, 3D assembly, and generation of manufacturing and documentation can favor the market rise. Request a Free Sample @ https //www.marketresearchfuture.com/sample_request/8235 Competitive Analysis ALPI International Software, EPLAN Software Service, Dassault Systèmes SE, Siemens PLM, Trimble, Inc., Autodesk, Inc., Bentley Systems, Inc., IGE+XAO, and Nemetschek SE among others are some reputed providers of global electrical computer-aided design (ECAD) solutions, as listed by MRFR. Segmental Analysis The segment study of the Global Electrical Computer-Aided Design (ECAD) Market is done by Industry Type, application, component, and vertical. The Component based segments of the electrical computer-aided design market are Software and Services. The Industry Type based segments of the electrical computer-aided design market are Process Industries and Discrete Industries. The Application based segments of the electrical computer-aided design market are Plant Design, Water Treatment and Distribution System Control, Switchgear Design, Industrial Machine Controls, Rail Signaling, Mining Equipment Control, and Others. The Vertical based segments of the electrical computer-aided design market are Equipment and Machinery, Construction, Automotive, Aerospace Defense, Power Generation and Energy, Railway, Oil Gas, Equipment and Machinery, and Food Beverage among others. Regional Analysis The trends of the electrical computer-aided design (ECAD) market is studied across APAC, North America, EU, and the rest of the world. MRFR regional evaluation reveals that the electrical computer-aided design market in North America is expected to be the largest market value. North America electrical computer-aided design market can thrive at 7.94% CAGR across the forecast period and reach a valuation of 0USD 620.4 million by 2024. The rise in the adoption of electrical computer-aided design (ECAD) technology across the growing number of discrete industries is expected to support the expansion of the regional market. In addition, the rise in industrial manufacturing investments can also promote the regional market growth. In Europe, the mounting complexities of manufacturing process are creating growth scope for the electrical computer-aided design regional market. Along with, the rise in focus on environmental concerns and industrial safety can impel the expansion of the market across the review period. The rise of EU ECAD market can be attributed to increase in viability of new energy sources, and gradual rise in cost of products as fresh set of competitive designers and engineers are focused on innovation. In APAC, the rise in popularity of ECAD and other effective 3D solution to enhance manufacturing and design processes is expected to drive the regional market. Controls development costs, accelerates time-to-market, aids in increasing cash flow, improves product quality, and profit margins can boost the expansion of APAC ECAD market. Access Report Details @ https //www.marketresearchfuture.com/reports/electrical-computer-aided-design-market-8235 Table of Content 1 Executive Summary 2 Market Introduction 2.1 Definition 17 2.2 Product Considered 17 2.3 Scope of The Study 18 2.4 Market Structure 19 Continued…. Similar Report Application Management Services Market By Service-Type (System Integration, Consulting Services, Modernization Services, And Others), By Organization Size, By Deployment, And By End-Users Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) Market By Security Type (Human Intelligence, Content Intelligence, Dark Web Analysis, Link/Network Analysis, Data Analytics, Text Analytics, Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Others), Technology (Bid Data Software, Video Analytics, Text Analytics, Visualization Tool, Cyber Security, Web Analysis, Social Media Analysis, Others), Application (Military Defense, Homeland Security, Private Sector, Public Sector, National Security, Others) List of Tables Table 1 List of Assumptions 26 Table 2 Global Electrical Computer-Aided Design (Ecad) Market, By Component, 2020–2027 (Usd Million) 35 Table 3 Software Electrical Computer-Aided Design (Ecad) Market Estimates Forecast, By Region 36 Table 4 Global Electrical Computer-Aided Design (Ecad) Market, By Services, 2020–2027 (Usd Million) 36 Table 5 Support Electrical Computer-Aided Design (Ecad) Market Estimates Forecast, By Region 37 Continued….. List of Figures Figure 1 Market Synopsis 16 Figure 2 Market Structure Global Electrical Computer-Aided Design (Ecad) Market 19 Figure 3 North America Market Size Market Share By Country (2020 Vs 2027) 20 Figure 4 Asia-Pacific Market Size Market Share By Country (2020 Vs 2027) 20 Figure 5 Europe Market Size Market Share By Country (2020 Vs 2027) 21 Continued…. About Market Research Future At Market Research Future (MRFR), we enable our clients to unravel the complexity of various industries through our Cooked Research Report (CRR), Half-Cooked Research Reports (HCRR), Raw Research Reports (3R), Continuous-Feed Research (CFR), and Market Research Consulting Services. MRFR team have supreme objective to provide the optimum quality market research and intelligence services to our clients. Our market research studies by Solutions, Application, Logistics and market players for global, regional, and country level market segments, enable our clients to see more, know more, and do more, which help to answer all their most important questions. Contact Market Research Future (Part of Wantstats Research and Media Private Limited) 99 Hudson Street, 5Th Floor New York, NY 10013 United States of America 1 628 258 0071 (US) 44 2035 002 764 (UK) Email sales@marketresearchfuture.com Website https //www.marketresearchfuture.com #market #research #industry #data #growth #trend #report #analyis #share #marketing #forecast #digital #geographic #demographic #gnews Plugin Error キーワードを入力してください。 #tech #researchreport #marketreport #futrue
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Market Scenario The system monitoring market is anticipated to grow by US$3.27 Billion by 2018 rapidly growing at a CAGR of 10.6% during the forecast period. The global system monitoring market is driven by growing demand for business process optimization and process reengineering. These factors have helped shape the system monitoring market and are expected to boost the growth. Companies in the system monitoring market could also face challenges such as concerns regarding usage of intellectual properties as well as lack of awareness. The details covered in the system monitoring market report cover all the aspects of the industry. Analysts studying the system monitoring market have also shared growth projections in the report and have suggested system monitoring market players to plan business strategies accordingly. In its research study, Market Research Future (MRFR), emphasizes that over the forecast period , the global System Monitoring Market 2020 is projected to rise exponentially, achieving a significant market valuation that surpasses USD 3.27 Billion recorded in 2018 and a healthy 10.6% CAGR over the review period. Drivers and Restraints Growth in outsourced IT infrastructure management and the need for accountable and compliance-based use of the framework are major factors that drive market development. Another main factor driving the global device monitoring market is the need for better optimisation of business operations. In addition, a lack of knowledge about device monitoring is expected to present a challenge to this market s growth. The concerns about data protection and privacy, as well as concerns about the use and access of intellectual property, are factors that restrict market development. Request a Free Sample @ https //www.marketresearchfuture.com/sample_request/8477 Competitive Outlook The system monitoring market is supported by well-developed infrastructure that supports digital transformation, availability of skilled expertise to manage IT initiatives, and integration of automation and the latest technological advancements. The population growth around the world and increasing demand of system monitoring market based services and products also support the market growth. However, the system monitoring market growth can be affected due to privacy and data security related concerns. The report covers all such details which will help companies in the system monitoring market to strengthen their business plan and improve their product portfolio. The system monitoring market research report also provides company profiles of major companies. The company profiles of many organizations operating in the system monitoring market report highlights crucial details like company size, revenue growth, and details of mergers and acquisitions taking place in the system monitoring market. New companies and established businesses can plan their strategies based on this data provided in the system monitoring market research report. The key market players operating in the global market as identified by MRFR are SolarWinds (US), ConnectWise Automate (US), Monitis.com (US), NinjaRMM (US), Continuum Managed Services (US), CA Technologies (US), Kaseya (Ireland), Oracle Corporation (US), Ipswitch (US), Red Gate Software Ltd (UK), Paessler AG (Germany), New Relic, Inc. (US), Microsoft Corporation (US), Nagios Enterprises, LLC (US), and Site24x7 (US). The major strategies implemented by most of the players are agreements, partnerships, and collaborations. The other players in the Global System Monitoring Market include Panopta LLC (US), ScienceLogic (US), Datadog (US), ThousandEyes (US), and Exoprise Systems Inc. (US). The global market for monitoring systems is experiencing a high growth as demand from various verticals such as business, energy and utilities, and IT and telecommunications is increasing. Major players have opted for alliances and new product development as their main strategies for organic growth to improve their market position and meet end-user demands across verticals. Segmentation The global system monitoring market has been analyzed based on component, organization size, deployment type, vertical, and region/country. Based on the component, the global system monitoring market has been bifurcated into solution and services. The solution segment has been classified as network monitoring, application monitoring, server monitoring, cloud monitoring, and others. The services segment has further bee divided into professional services and managed services. Based on the deployment type, the global system monitoring market has been bifurcated into cloud and on-premise. Based on the organization size, the global system monitoring market has been bifurcated into small- and medium-sized enterprise (SME) and large enterprise. Based on the vertical, the global system monitoring market has been divided into IT telecom, banking, financial services and insurance, government, energy and utilities, manufacturing, healthcare, and others. Regional Analysis The global business regional analysis was conducted in four major regions including Asia Pacific , North America, Europe and the rest of the world. North America has the largest market share as the corporations in this area have been world leader in technology advancement. Because of the rapid implementation of digital transformation, the US leads the market in North America; as a result, the country s need for accountable and compliance-based program use is rapid. Owing to the strong demand for better optimisation of business operations between companies across verticals and managed service providers, Europe is projected to be the second-largest market during the review period. During the forecast period Asia-Pacific is projected to be the fastest-growing region on the global device monitoring region. Growth in outsourced IT infrastructure management is key driver of Asia-Pacific market growth. Industry News Itamar Medical, a pioneering medical product and digital wellness business focusing on incorporating sleep apnea treatment into the cardiac clinical care process, recently announced its entry into a final agreement to purchase the technologies and properties of Spry Health for an unspecified sum of money. Spry, headquartered in San Francisco Bay, is designing a pulse-based, remote patient monitoring (RPM) solution. Access Report Details @ https //www.marketresearchfuture.com/reports/system-monitoring-market-8477 Table of Contents 1Executive Summary 2Scope of the Report 2.1Market Definition 2.2Scope of the Study 2.2.1Research objectives 2.2.2Assumptions Limitations 2.3Markets Structure Continued…. Similar Report Application Management Services Market By Service-Type (System Integration, Consulting Services, Modernization Services, And Others), By Organization Size, By Deployment, And By End-Users Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) Market By Security Type (Human Intelligence, Content Intelligence, Dark Web Analysis, Link/Network Analysis, Data Analytics, Text Analytics, Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Others), Technology (Bid Data Software, Video Analytics, Text Analytics, Visualization Tool, Cyber Security, Web Analysis, Social Media Analysis, Others), Application (Military Defense, Homeland Security, Private Sector, Public Sector, National Security, Others) About Market Research Future Market Research Future (MRFR) has created a niche in the world of market research. It is counted among the top market research companies that offer well-researched and updated market research reports and insights to businesses of all sizes. What sets us apart is our super-responsive team that offers quality work keeping clients abridged of the prospective challenges and opportunities in various markets. Our team is adept in their space as well as patiently listens to every client. The best part is they know their work inside out and possess the expertise to guide the client in the right direction and achieve results on a tight deadline. We are a one-stop solution for all your data research needs. Our team does not believe in the “one size fits all” approach to creating a report that is detailed and concise. We handle 13 industry verticals including Healthcare, Chemicals and Materials, Information and Communications Technology, Semiconductor and Electronics, Energy and Power, Food, Beverages Nutrition, Automobile, Consumer and Retail, Aerospace and Defense, Industrial Automation and Equipment, Packaging Transport, Construction, and Agriculture. 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音楽 ● 【Youtube】Infinity Rooms ■ Dark Piano - Isolation | Rainy Detuned Dark Piano Version他 ■ Dark Academia Classical Music + ... Dark Academia Classical Music Tracklist 0 00 00 Beethoven -Piano Sonata No. 14 in C-sharp minor, Op. 27 No. 2 “Moonlight Sonata” I. Adagio sostenuto Vadim Chaimovich 0 06 04 Chopin - Nocturne in C-Sharp Minor, Op. Posth., B. 49 Luke Faulkner 0 10 01 Chopin - Nocturnes, Op. 9 No. 1 in B-Flat Minor, Larghetto Luke Faulkner 0 15 49 Schubert - Ständchen (Serenade), S. 560, No. 7 Vadim Chaimovich 0 21 37 Lyadov - Three Morceaux, Op. 11 No. 1, Prelude in B minor Vadim Chaimovich 0 25 20 Bach/Siloti - The Well-Tempered Clavier, Book I Prelude in E Minor, BWV 855a Vadim Chaimovich 0 29 43 Handel - Suite No. 1 in B-Flat Major, HWV 434 IV. Menuet Vadim Chaimovich 0 33 54 Bach - Chorale Prelude Ich ruf zu dir, Herr Jesu Christ , BWV 639 Vadim Chaimovich 0 37 21 Giazotto - Adagio in G Minor (Albinoni s Adagio) Vadim Chaimovich 0 44 49 Satie - Gnossiennes No. 1, Lent Luke Faulkner 0 48 21 Satie - Gnossiennes No. 3, Lent Luke Faulkner 0 51 16 Satie - Gnossiennes No. 4, Lent Luke Faulkner 0 54 33 Satie - Trois gymnopédies No. 1, Lent et douloureux Luke Faulkner 0 57 59 Faurè - Pavane, Op. 50 Vadim Chaimovich 1 04 37 Barrios - Prelude in C Minor Michele Nobler 1 07 37 Barrios - La Catedral No. 1, Preludio Saudade Michele Nobler 1 10 14 Luke Faulkner - The Midnight Tide 1 13 09 Luke Faulkner - Exodus 1 16 19 Luke Faulkner - Harmonies of the Night 1 18 44 Luke Faulkner - Valse Triste 1 21 51 Debussy - Suite Bergamasque, L. 75 III. Clair de Lune Luke Faulkner 1 26 35 Debussy - Préludes, Premier livre, L. 117 No. 8, La fille aux cheveux de lin Giovanni Umberto Battel 1 29 34 Ravel - Pavane pour une infante défunte in G Major, M. 19 Giovanni Umberto Battel 1 36 33 Ljapunov - Rêverie du Soir, Op. 3 Luke Faulkner 1 41 06 Rachmaninoff - Morceaux de Fantaisie, Op. 3 No. 2 in C-Sharp Minor, Prélude "The Bells of Moscow" Luke Faulkner 1 45 35 Rachmaninoff - Morceaux de Fantaisie, Op. 3 No. 1 in E-Flat Minor, Elégie Vadim Chaimovich 1 50 58 Chopin - 24 Preludes, Op. 28 No. 4 in E Minor Vadim Chaimovich 1 53 18 Rachmaninoff - Six Moments Musicaux, Op. 16 No. 3 in B Minor, Andante cantabile Vadim Chaimovich 1 58 43 Scriabin - Étude in C-Sharp Minor, Op. 2 No. 1 Vadim Chaimovich 2 01 53 Chopin - Nocturnes, Op. 55 No.1 in F Minor Vadim Chaimovich ■ DARK ACADEMIA — The Secret History Ambience(Piano Distant Thunder) the time stamps 0 00 heavy footed walk 3 50 declaration 7 40 dark moment 11 11 a long walk 13 23 demore 15 30 losing face 17 43 sad grand piano 19 38 exile 22 13 grains 24 53 jesus 27 29 kingdom of baghk 29 55 les feuitles jucunes (i think thats how you spell it) 33 03 la mia perditon 34 46 mysterious moments 36 41 one must go 38 35 out of words 40 33 song for johanna 44 09 stepping on glass 46 13 september days 49 38 two minds 51 52 vanilla morning 54 02 the glass slipper 55 40 the art teacher 59 18 story is she left without a trace 1 03 54 ate o fim 1 05 56 little idea 1 07 25 steep climb and then the rest of the songs start from the beginning. i hope this helps ) ■ Dark Disco〔Play list〕 ■ Dark Disco II Greg Deep 1. MAKINA GIRGIR- ALPHA 0 00 2. SYNTHS vs ME- MONOTONY 4 40 3. ORION- SPACE GIRL 10 04 4. BETA EVERS- ERUPTIVE 14 40 5. LONNKROG- INGEN 17 59 6. DANCING PLAGUE- CRISIS APPARITION 23 45 7. LAST WARS- FRAIL COMMUNION 28 50 8. KRIS BAHA- BARELY ALIVE 35 34 9. VISION FANTOM FEAT ALEISTER CRAFT- ETERNITY 2000 40 10 10. NNHMN- OMEN 44 00 11. SISKO ELECTROFANATIK- MY REALM 49 27 12. HANTE- WILD ANIMAL FEE LION REMIX 53 49 13. SYZYGYX- PINS AND NEEDLES 58 04 14. CURSES- SURRENDER (CARDINI REMIX) 1 01 25 15. S.PRODUCTS- TNT 1 07 23 16. AMELIE LENS- HYPNOTIZED 1 10 58 17. KOTA KIRA- MIRROR IMAGE 1 16 58 .
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ストーリーの翻訳>29.ONE THOUSAND SUNS ■Part 75 http //www.youtube.com/watch?v=ML3EtsUe0Xo feature=related ■Part 76 http //www.youtube.com/watch?v=9hQphqo0JqY feature=related このPROTOTYPEプレイ動画シリーズには字幕が出ているので、 時間がある人は少しでもいいので英文を載せていってください。 書式が分からない場合はベタ書きで構いません。 (特に重要でなければムービー部分だけで構いません) 最初のムービー U.S.S Reagan-CITADEL Command, Offshore Southwest Manhattan Bay One, U.S.S Reagan-CITADEL Command, Offshore Southwest Manhattan WEB-General Peter Randall U.S.S Reagan-CITADEL Command, Offshore Southwest Manhattan Deck 制限時間つき New York Ending 29.ONE THOUSAND SUNS [数多の灯] 最初のムービー 声 We have less than an hour. What s next? もう1時間もないぞ。どうする? ALEX The last person responsible for all of this died tonight. 今までの事の責任を取らなきゃならない最後の一人が死ぬ。 声 If we make it out of here. Do you think you re ready? ここから脱出できたとして、そんなことができると思うのか? ALEX I was made for this. そのために俺がいるのさ。 Citadel Command this is Captain Cross. Citadel司令部、こちらCross大尉。 Mission Accomplished. I have Colonel Taggart in custody. Ready for extraction. 任務完了。Taggart大佐を確保しました。脱出します。 U.S.S Reagan-CITADEL Command, Offshore Southwest Manhattan GENERAL RANDALL Report. 報告を。 CAPT. CROSS Taggart s order lead directly to the collapse of the central Blue Zone. Taggart大佐の命令が軍制圧エリアを失うことに繋がりました。 GENERAL RANDALL Welcome home. よく戻った。 GENERAL RANDALL Operation Red light is over. Red light作戦も終了だ。 Bay One, U.S.S Reagan-CITADEL Command, Offshore Southwest Manhattan CAPT. CROSS What about our men? The ones on the ground in Manhattan...? 兵士はどうしますか?まだマンハッタンにいる者もいますが・・・? GENERAL RANDALL You didn t think I was that naive, did you? When you have a festering wound, you cauterize it. 私がそんなに甘いと思っているのか?心にわだかまりがあるならそんなもの捨てされ。 GENERAL RANDALL We ll be saving millions of American lives. 我々はアメリカ国民を救うことになるんだぞ。 ALEX I won t let you erase New York like you erased Hope. HopeのようにNYを消させはしないさ。 GENERAL RANDALL Let?.. なんだと・・・? GENERAL RANDALL We re six minutes out. And only I know the code. しかしもうあと6分しかない、そして解除コードを知っているのは私だけだ。 ALEX You were at Hope, Idaho. You took something from Elizabeth Greene. お前はHopeにいた。Elizabeth Greeneから何を奪った? ALEX I know what BLACKWATCH has done. BLACKWATCHがしたことは知っている。 ALEX Because everyone I ve killed--they re in me. They are me. 俺が全員殺したからな・・・奴らは全員俺の中だ。BLACKWATCHは俺だ。 GENERAL RANDALL That s how you.... 一体どうやって・・・。 WEB-General Peter Randall I ve stopped this damn thing before. Stopped it dead. 私はこのイカれた状況を止めた事がある。全員殺すことで。 Hope, Idaho, was just a ... sacrificial lamb.A necessary cruelty. アイダホ州Hopeは・・・生贄の様なものだ。必要なことだった。 Shoot anything that moves. No one comes in, nothing gets out. 動くものは全て撃て。誰一人として出入りさせるな。 Sir,the Walkers have sealed themselves in the hospital. Walkerが病院に立てこもりました。 We have orders to liquidate the entire population! 私たちは全住人を消すという命を受けているんだ! The mother and child are now military assets. あの母子は軍の保護に置く。 ...and I just made General Officer. そして私は将官になった・・・。 U.S.S Reagan-CITADEL Command, Offshore Southwest Manhattan ALEX You bastard. You could have stopped all this...You let it happen. くそ野郎が。お前は全て止められたはずなのにこんなこと引き起こしやがって・・・。 CAPT. CROSS When the weapon detonates, and they think the infection is cleansed, they won t be looking for me. 核が爆発して感染が止められたと思えば、誰も俺を探さないだろう。 CAPT. CROSS And when I consume you, I ll be able to withstand...even this. そしてお前を吸収すれば核でも耐えられる体になるってことか・・・。 Deck BLACKWATCH HEADQUARTERS All hands on deck, all hands on deck! Intruder alert, ZEUS is in barn! This is not a drill! 全員デッキに上がれ!侵入者だ、ZEUSがいる!訓練ではないぞ! BLACKWATCH HEADQUARTERS Roll call, roll call, we are all points requests, Reagan deck is hot. If you re in the air and armed, we need you, Now. 総員に告ぐ、空母Reaganで交戦中。武装ずみの航空部隊がいるならすぐに来てくれ。 BLACKWATCH HEADQUARTERS Pilots on the deck, scramble, scramble! Get those Birds off the deck and into the fight! デッキのパイロットへ、スクランブル発進しろ!空から戦闘に参加してくれ! MARINE JET PILOT Target marked. Ten seconds. 目標をマーク、10秒前。 MARINE JET PILOT Second Wing on approach, confirmed. 第2波が向かっている。 BLACKWATCH TRANSPORT PILOT This is Ghost Hog One Seven, we are deploying forces on the ground, over. こちらGhost hog17。歩兵を連れてきたぞ、オーバー。 BLACKWATCH TRANSPORT PILOT I ve lost control, we are going in! This is Ghost Bird Three Seven Niner, we are going down. Three Seven Niner, going down. SAR to our location, SAR! コントロールできない、落ちるぞ!こちらGhost Bird379、墜落する。379、墜落。合成開口レーダでの場所は? 制限時間つき BLACKWATCH HEADQUARTERS This is Red Crown to all crew. We ll remain on station to co-ordinate. Everyone else needs to abandon the Reagan right now. Support vessels to perform pickup duty and retreat to minnimum safety. That is a general order--abandon the Reagan right now. Red Crownより総員へ。我々は指示のために残る。他の者は今すぐ空母を捨てろ。乗組員の回収がすめば少しでも安全な所へ行ってくれ。これは絶対命令だ・・・空母を今すぐ放棄しろ。 ALEX A bomb. 核か。 BLACKWATCH HEADQUARTERS Any helicopters with open spots, please land and pickup crew and injured on the upper deck. Bringthem home, people. 搭乗人数に余裕のあるヘリはデッキの乗組員と負傷者を拾ってくれ。彼らを家に帰してやってくれ。 BLACKWATCH HEADQUARTERS One minute remaining. あと1分だ。 BLACKWATCH HEADQUARTERS Thirty seconds remaining. 残り30秒。 BLACKWATCH HEADQUARTERS Ten, nine, eight, seven, six, five, four, three, two, one. 10、9、8、7、6、5、4、3、2、1・・・ ALEX Grow that back. あばよ。 New York I looked for the truth. Found it. Didn t like it. Wish to hell I could forget it. 俺は真実を探していた。見つけたが、気に食わないものだった。できることなら忘れたいぐらいだ。 Alex Mercer. This city suffered for his mistakes, for what he did at Penn Station. And whoever he was-that s a part of me. Alex Mercer。この街は彼の失敗で、ペンシルバニア駅で彼がやったことで苦しめられた。そして彼が誰であったとしても今じゃ俺の一部だ・・・。 When I close my eyes I see memories of a thousand dead men, screaming as I take their lives. Moments I ll relive forever. 目を閉じれば何千もの死者の記憶が断末魔の悲鳴とともに浮かんでくる。俺はこれと永遠に付き合っていくんだろう。 What have I become? Something less than human. But also something more. 俺は何になったんだ?俺は人間以上人間未満のなにかだ。 Ending (字幕が一切表示されないので間違いを多く含んでおります。申し訳ありません。) NEWS ONE has comfirmed that the nuclear weapon of unknown origin has detonated ten to fifteen miles offshore ??? Manhattan. NEWS 1は出所不明の核がマンハッタン沖10~15マイルの地点で爆発したことを確認しました。 Estimate ??? at raughly five times at the size of the Bomb dropped at Hiroshima.... これは広島に落とされた原爆の約5倍の規模で・・・ Is there anything you like to say? 何か伝えたいことはありますか? Ah...No,I guess. I ve just ??? and we re gonna be okey. We ll work for back. あーいや、無いです。ただ私たちは元気だということだけで。ほら、これからまた頑張りますので。 If there wasn t for Marine, we will be dead. All of us. They ??? their lives for save us. We owe them. もし海兵隊が来てくれなかったら、私たちは死んでいました。私たち全員がです。海兵隊は彼ら自身の命をかけて私たちを救ってくれたんです。本当に感謝しています。 I have Sergeant ???. Sergeant, what can you tell us about ??? statements of infection? こちらにデトワイラー軍曹がおられます。軍曹、現在の感染状況について教えていただけますか? Since last night, nothing. They don t seem driven same way. There s nothing afraid any more. 昨夜より、何も起きておりません。これまでとは全く様子が違っております。もはや脅威は去った、と言えるでしょう。 Twenty minutes since vice president has been on the ground. ??? excepted to make a statement. 副大統領が現地に入って20分が経ちました。これより何らかの声明を発表する模様です。 New York, has ??? first act a biological and nuclear terrorism in the history of the world. NYは、人類史上初めて生物と核兵器によるテロの脅威にさらされた。 It is the testment to the men and women as a united states arm forces. But New York is still standing. これは米国軍の兵士に課された試練であるが、NYは倒れなかった。 We will find those responsible, we will drug them out of their hiding places, and we will make them pay. 我々はこの首謀者を見つけ出し、その隠れ家から引きずり出して必ず代償を払わせる。 Wherever they are! Wherever they are. たとえ彼らが何処にいようとも!何処にいようともだ。 Whatever weapons they posess! They will learn the final lesson.... 彼らがいかなる武器を保有していようとも!彼らは最後に知ることになるだろう・・・ The America does not start a war! America ends them!! Thank you! 米国は戦争を始めない!米国は戦争を終わらせるということを!ありがとう ALEX One virus, Three weeks, Millions dead. And I was there. My name was Alex Mercer. And my work is almost done. 1つのウイルス、3週間、数百万の死。そして俺はそこにいた・・・俺の名前はAlex Mercerだった。もうすぐ俺の仕事も終わりだ。