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Home » Admin and Setup » Installing the database Installing the Database This document attempts to provide information for both experienced and novice users alike. If the command line is your preference, we have command line examples for you to follow. There are also simple GUI approaches, as described in the pgAdmin section. And if all you want is a quick install for demo purposes, then check out our automated installers information. For additional information, you might also read Perry Clark s blog post "Installing PostBooks... the long way." Quick Overview This quick overview assumes you are not using one of the automated installers. Download and extract the xTuple ERP client application to a local directory Download and install PostgreSQL Initialize PostgreSQL for xTuple (This simply means adding the super user admin and the group xtrole .) Create a database using UTF-8 encoding Download and restore an xTuple database on your new database Automated Installers Automated installers are currently available for PostBooks on Windows and Mac. You can download the installers from the PostBooks project pages on SourceForge. The installers are perfect for users interested in demo-ing the product. When you run the installer, everything is handled for you Installs (and starts) PostrgreSQL Loads a demo PostBooks database Installs the PostBooks client Enterprise users should not rely on the installer for their production systems. Instead, install production databases manually as described in this document. The reason for this is that the installers make certain assumptions which may not be recommended for production environments. PostgreSQL Considerations Before you can start using xTuple ERP, you must first have PostgreSQL 8.1.x or later installed and properly configured. Also make sure to check the SupportedPostgresVersions page for the latest details on which PostgreSQL version will work best with your xTuple ERP version. For information related to easy database administration using the open source tool pgAdmin, please see the pgAdmin section below. And for additional information related to installing PostgreSQL, please visit www.postgresql.org where you will find in-depth documentation and other resources related to PostgreSQL. xTuple ERP uses encryption for credit card processing--and because of this, the PostgreSQL "pgcrypto" module is required to support encryption in xTuple ERP. You should be sure to include the pgcrypto module when installing PostgreSQL. If you do not, you will encounter errors. Detailed Instructions The following paragraphs detail the steps (long version) required to both initialize your PostgreSQL instance to support the xTuple Database and load the database schema. To skip these details, see the (short version) Command Line Examples section below. Or skip to the pgAdmin section below to learn about initializing and loading your database using pgAdmin, a free GUI database administration tool. Once you have the PostgreSQL server running, the next step is to establish the user admin and the group xtrole on your PostgreSQL instance. This is done by executing the init.sql script, which is available in the downloads area. The complete text of the init.sql file is as follows -- ** PLEASE NOTE, THE GROUP ROLE IS NOW xtrole , not openmfg -- This script creates the group xtrole and the user admin -- -- -- Create the xtrole group CREATE GROUP xtrole; -- -- Create the admin user with createdb and createuser -- permissions. Place the user in the xtrole group and -- set the password to the default of admin. -- CREATE USER admin WITH PASSWORD admin CREATEDB CREATEUSER IN GROUP xtrole; -- End of init.sql If you are initializing the database server instance from the command line, the init.sql script must be loaded by the postgres superuser. This is not required if you are using pgAdmin to initialize the database server. Please also note that since the default password the admin user is "admin," you ll want to change it immediately. You may create a different admin user with a different name if you choose to. However, do this with caution as all documentation examples refer to the default admin user. When you have finished executing the init.sql script, you should next create a new PostgreSQL database to contain the xTuple Database schema. Use UTF-8 encoding when creating the database. You can name the database anything you want. Shorter names that are easy to remember are preferred. Once the database has been created, you are ready to load the xTuple schema into it. There are several starter schema to choose from, including the following empty.backup - This is an empty database with no data, but all the tables and structures created. quickstart.backup - This database contains a basic Chart of Accounts and also the Account Assignments required to run the full range of transactions. demo.backup - This database (if available) contains a suite of sample data built on top of the quickstart database Like the init.sql script, the database schema can be loaded on the command line. Alternately, you may use GUI tools like pgAdmin III to execute the script and load the schema. For information on loading the databases using pgAdmin, please see the pgAdmin section below. The .backup format of the xTuple Database schemas is a compressed format used by the pg_restore binary. This format may be loaded seamlessly using pgAdmin. To load a .backup file using pgAdmin, connect to the database you created. Right-click on the database object and select the option Restore . On the resulting screen, use the ellipses to navigate to the location of the .backup file on your local machine. With the .backup file selected, simply click OK. To learn more about the psql utility or the pgAdmin application, please consult the PostgreSQL documentation. Command Line Examples The following examples demonstrate the steps needed to initialize, create, and load an xTuple Database. You may give the database you create any name which does not conflict with the rules for naming PostgreSQL databases. However, we recommend that you choose a simple name with all lowercase characters. For example, we have used a database named production in the following example. With a clean PostgreSQL instance installed, you can use the following commands to get started psql -U postgres -f init.sql template1 createdb -U admin production pg_restore -U admin -d production quickstart.backup -v The first command line example uses the psql utility to load the init.sql script. This script creates the user admin and the group xtrole . The first option ( -U postgres ) tells the system to connect as the postgres user. This user is typically the default PostgreSQL superuser. The next option ( -f init.sql ) tells psql to read the init.sql script and execute the commands. The last option ( template1 ) tells psql which database to connect to. You are not required to run the init.sql script against the template1 database. You may also run it against another database you create. Also In newer versions of PostgreSQL, the postgres database is the new default template. By default, the init.sql script will create the admin user with the password of "admin". You should be sure to change the password once you have your xTuple system installed and running. The second command line example uses createdb to create a new database. Notice that this command uses the same first two options as used in the psql command to specify the user to connect as. Note that now we are using the option -U admin to indicate we want to connect as the admin user created previously. The last option is the name of the new database we want to create (e.g., production ). The third command line example loads the schema for the xTuple quickstart Database. The .backup file format is a compressed format and is used by the pg_restore binary. The -d switch enables you to specify the database into which the restore will be performed (i.e., the production database in this example.) Next, we specify the name of the .backup file with the path to its location if necessary. Finally, we specify -v for verbose output. It is important to keep in mind that if you configured PostgreSQL to listen on a port other than the default port of 5432, you will need to specify this with -p XXXX where XXXX is the port number. If you want a .sql file instead of a .backup, you can easily do this using pg_restore, as follows pg_restore -f quickstart.sql quickstart.backup This example says use pg_restore to create a file called quickstart.sql from the file called quickstart.backup . This completes the command line examples section. Using pgAdmin To Get Started pgAdmin is a free, cross-platform GUI tool for administering PostgreSQL databases. In this section we assume you have PostgreSQL already installed on your system. The following screenshots and narrative describe how to get xTuple ERP running on your PostgreSQL server. We will describe how to accomplish two main objectives Configuring PostgreSQL for xTuple Loading the xTuple database(s) Configuring for xTuple Since you already have PostgreSQL installed, the first thing to do is initialize the server so xTuple databases will run successfully on it. While that last sentence may sound complicated, the reality is you only have to do the following things Link pgAdmin to your PostgreSQL server Create a group called "xtrole" Create a user "admin" Put the user "admin" in the group "xtrole" This section assumes you installed PostgreSQL on your local drive (a.k.a. "localhost" or "127.0.0.1"). Okay, so the first thing to do is to create a link between your pgAdmin application and your PostgreSQL database. If that link already exists, then you can skip this step. But if not, simply select the "File" menu option and then select the "Add Server" option. Add New Server When you are presented with the new server screen, enter the information as it s shown in the next screenshot. You have flexibility in some of the options you choose. However, the following must be used Host = localhost or 127.0.0.1 Port = 5432 Username = postgres Password = Password used for postgres user when you installed PostgreSQL Server Definition Once you have the connection between pgAdmin and PostgreSQL completed, the next step is to configure PostgreSQL so xTuple databases will run successfully on it. The first thing to do then is to create the "xtrole" group. By right-clicking on the Group Roles section, you can select the "New Group Role" option. Group Roles When creating the new group role for "xtrole", you only need to enter a minimal amount of information. Enter the same information as it s shown in the next screenshot. The Role name should be lower case. And the only Role Privilege you need is "Inherits rights from parent roles". That s it. No password required. And you don t have to add any information under the other tabs that are shown. Group Role for xtrole Now that you have the "xtrole" group role define, the next step is to create the "admin" user and place the user in the group "xtrole". The next screenshot shows how you can access the screen for creating a new login role. Login Roles The screen for creating a login role for "admin" looks similar to the screen we saw before for creating the "xtrole" group. However, this time we will need to add more information--and select more options. You have some flexibility over some of the options you choose, but the following should be the same as shown in the screenshot Role name = admin Role Privileges = Select all If you don t need the account to expire at a certain point, then just leave the expiration date blank. That will keep the account open indefinitely. Login Role for admin User Once the "admin" user s properties have been defined, select the Role membership tab. It s on this screen you make the user "admin" a member of the group "xtrole". The following screenshot shows the end result of this action. By using the double arrows " " you can move "admin" from not being a member in "openmfg" to being a member in "openmfg". Admin in Group xtrole And that s all you need to initialize PostgreSQL for xTuple. You can now load xTuple ERP databases onto the server and connect to them using your xTuple ERP client application. Creating New Database The last getting started step is to create a database and load (i.e., restore) an xTuple ERP backup file into it. The next screenshot shows how right-clicking on the "Databases" element enables you to access the "New Database" option. List of Databases You can name your database anything you want to. In our example we will be calling our new database "dbTest". When you are creating a new database with pgAdmin, be sure to use the following values, as shown in the screenshot Owner = admin Encoding = UTF8 Template = template1 You can leave everything else with the default values pgAdmin gives you. And there s no need to enter additional information under any of the other tabs. Create New Database The database we just created now appears in the list of databases, as you can see in the next screenshot. Our final step is now to load an xTuple database backup file into the database we created. For the purposes of this example, we will assume you have already downloaded the database backup file from either the PostBooks site on SourceForge--or from the xTuple website (Standard and Manufacturing Editions only). Restoring from Backup File As the next screenshot shows, we can reach the "Restore" option by right-clicking on the new database we just created. The "Restore" option is the one we need to load the xTuple .backup file. Restore Backup File The Restore screen looks just like the next screenshot. All you have to do here is Browse your computer for the xTuple .backup file you downloaded Select it the .backup file so the path to it appears in the "Filename" field You should leave the other options not-selected--except for the last one, which will give you more verbose messaging during the load process (this can be helpful). And then simply select the OK button to begin the restore process. Begin Restore BeginRestore.png Don t worry if the restore takes several minutes to complete. This is normal. At the end of the process you will see log messages which look like those shown in the following screenshot. Depending on the circumstances of your PostgreSQL installation (e.g., whether previous databases have been installed there, etc.), the messages pgAdmin reports may vary. The ideal scenario on a fresh PostgreSQL install is for 0 errors to be reported and an exit code = 0. However, as the next screenshot shows, pgAdmin may report a number of errors and a non-zero exit code. If this is the result you get, don t be alarmed. Simply review the list of errors by using the scroll bar in the "Restore Database" screen. Scroll to the top and review the list of errors which were reported. Most if not all of the errors you get can safely be ignored. Here are some examples of error messages which can safely be ignored. The first error reports that the PostgreSQL procedural language plpgsql is already installed--and so it does not need to be restored pg_restore creating PROCEDURAL LANGUAGE plpgsql pg_restore [archiver (db)] Error while PROCESSING TOC pg_restore [archiver (db)] Error from TOC entry 2121; 2612 48797691 PROCEDURAL LANGUAGE plpgsql pg_restore [archiver (db)] could not execute query ERROR language "plpgsql" already exists Command was CREATE PROCEDURAL LANGUAGE plpgsql; Likewise, you may see other messages such as the following two, which both indicate functionality already exists and does not need to be restored from the .backup file Example 1 pg_restore [archiver (db)] Error from TOC entry 18; 1255 7469922 FUNCTION armor(bytea) admin pg_restore [archiver (db)] could not execute query ERROR function "armor" already exists with same argument types Command was CREATE FUNCTION armor(bytea) RETURNS text AS $libdir/pgcrypto , pg_armor LANGUAGE c IMMUTABLE STRICT; Example 2 pg_restore [archiver (db)] Error from TOC entry 20; 1255 7470043 FUNCTION crypt(text, text) admin pg_restore [archiver (db)] could not execute query ERROR function "crypt" already exists with same argument types Command was CREATE FUNCTION crypt(text, text) RETURNS text AS $libdir/pgcrypto , pg_crypt LANGUAGE c IMMUTABLE STRICT; In short, you should review any error messages you get when restoring an xTuple database backup file. However, in many cases the errors that are being reported can safely be ignored. Use your common sense when reviewing error messages. If you come across an error message which concerns you, search the xTuple forums to see if others have been concerned about the same thing. Quite often others in the community will have seen the same errors you are concerned about. Once the restore is completed, select the OK button. Restore Complete To see that the restore operation loaded the xTuple database successfully, simply refresh your pgAdmin view. Then expand the new database element to see the xTuple schema (i.e., tables, functions, etc.) listed under the Schema element. The following screenshot shows the "api" and "public" schema found in every xTuple database. Database Schema Loaded Successfully So that s all you have to do. Now simply locate your xTuple client application and open it up. Then use the following login options Server = localhost or 127.0.0.1 Database = dbTest (or whatever you named yours) Port = 5432 Username = admin Password = admin You can use the same steps described above to add more databases to your PostgreSQL server. However, if you are running a production database, we recommend that you run only the production database on the server--and don t load other databases onto the same PostgreSQL instance.
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SQLの観点から「Oracle Database」「PostgreSQL」「MySQL」の特徴を整理しよう！ | アシスト PostgreSQLの使い方 [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ] [ ]
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Oracle 環境 Ubuntu10.04LTS server OracleXE 10.2 ドキュメント http //www.oracle.com/technetwork/jp/indexes/documentation/ 旧OTN掲示板 http //otn.oracle.co.jp/forum/index.jspa?categoryID=2 ※ReadOnly 新OTN掲示板 https //forums.oracle.com/forums/main.jspa?categoryID=484 Oracle Knowledge data base https //krown.oracle.co.jp/krown/oisc_search.do ■ SQL Developer Oracle謹製のGUI tool。これが無いと見えないカラムもあったりするので、対Oracleでは必須です。 SQL Developer Javaで書かれてるので、起動にはJavaが必要になるんだけど...なぜかJREではなくJDKが必須になってます。 何使ってるんでしょうね？ で、64bit環境のOracle Database突っ込むと、SQL DeveloperとJDKも一緒に付いてくるんだけど...SQL Developerって32bit環境のJDKでないと動かないらしい。別途32bit環境用のJDKのinstallが必要になるとかどーとか...ちゃんと試してません。(´・ω・｀) ■参考サイト オラクルちょこっとリファレンス http //luna.gonna.jp/oracle/ https //www.shift-the-oracle.com/ ～ install ～ install install(11gR2) 最初のdatabase作り uninstall ORA-01033 sqlplus /nolog SQL conn sys/manager as sysdba SQL shutdown normal SQL startup mount SQL recover database SQL alter database open で、recover時にエラーが出る。 ■tips 調べるのに良く使いたくなるコマンド SQLPlusを使う前に設定しておきたいこと ADRCIの使い方 『PublicKeyToken=89b483f429c47342』とか出てDBにつながらない UninstallしたハズのOracle.DataAccessが邪魔をする 32bit版と64bit版のODACを共存させたい Backupの方法 既存のdatabaseからDDLを生成したい tnsnames.oraの確認方法 外部からの接続を許可したい TNSNAMEを使わない接続文字列 tablespaceの使用量を知りたい セッションが勝手に切れる時間の設定 SQL*Plusの応答が全く返って来なくなったら… パスワードの有効期限を無期限に変更する パスワードの変更方法 Database/Oracle/tips/ ～ SQL Developer tips ～ 使い始める前に知っといた方が良いこと Database/Oracle/SQLDeveloper/tips/ Oracle Install時に異常終了する 『設定 構成データのリポジトリへのアップロード中にエラーが発生しました』とか出てinstallが正常終了しない... 原因判明。ローカルな環境でinstall作業してたから。 どうも、コレinternet回線を利用して何かをuploadしてるらしい...(－ω－;) 何をuploadしとるんだ...何を... internet回線含まれてるnetworkに繋いで作業したらあっさり入った。ヽ(=´▽`=)ﾉ 日付関係でおかしい言われたら ORA-01861が発生して日付のフォーマットがおかしいといちゃもんつけられたら、そのSQL実行前に以下のSQLを実行。 ALTER SESSION SET NLS_DATE_FORMAT='yyyy-mm-dd hh24 mi ss'; あと、暗黙変換に使われるフォーマットは以下で取得可能。 select * from v$nls_parameters where parameter='NLS_DATE_FORMAT'; REDO Logの使い方 -- 現在使用されているREDO Logのgroup番号を調べる -- CURRENT：使用中 -- INACTIVE：待機中 select group#, status from v$log; -- REDO Logの各groupの実ファイルpath select group#, member from v$logfile; -- アーカイブLogのモード確認 -- ARCHIVELOG：アーカイブログを残す -- NOARCHIVELOG：アーカイブログを残さない select log_mode from v$database; -- システムのテーブル一覧SELECT * FROM DICT ORDER BY TABLE_NAME; -- ユーザのテーブル一覧SELECT * FROM TAB;SELECT * FROM USER_TABLES;-- テーブルのカラム一覧SELECT * FROM USER_TAB_COLUMNS WHERE TABLE_NAME= TABLE ;-- PK，FK，制約一覧SELECT * FROM USER_CONS_COLUMNS WHERE TABLE_NAME= TABLE ; -- 実行SQL一覧(DBA)-- ※ただし、SQLはparse(解析処理)済みの状態でキャッシュされており、要求SQLと一致するparse済みキャッシュがあると記録されない。SELECT * FROM V$SQL WHERE PARSING_SCHEMA_NAME= USER ;SELECT SQL_FULLTEXT, FIRST_LOAD_TIME, LAST_LOAD_TIME, LAST_ACTIVE_TIME FROM V$SQL WHERE PARSING_SCHEMA_NAME= USER ; -- parse cache削除 ※共有プール内のライブラリ・キャッシュ(sqlのparse結果、PL/SQL、Javaコードなど)、ディクショナリ・キャッシュ(ユーザ名、プロファイル、セグメント、テーブルスペース情報、順序番号、スキーマオブジェクトのメタデータなど)が削除される。ALTER SYSTEM FLUSH SHARED_POOL; -- セッション一覧SELECT * FROM V$SESSION WHERE SCHEMANAME= USER ;SELECT USERNAME, OSUSER, TERMINAL, PROGRAM, LOGON_TIME, SERVICE_NAME FROM V$SESSION WHERE USERNAME= USER ; 更新日： 2020年05月25日 (月) 11時19分21秒 DBの総データ量を調べる方法： http //imfaq.intra-mart.jp/imfaq/index.php?action=artikel cat=32 id=449 artlang=ja -- (s1n) 2012-10-03 16 23 55 sqlplusでSIDを省略するとどうなるか？通常『sqlplus user/passwd@sid』のようにして接続を行う。接続時、SIDを省略『sqlplus user/passwd』しても接続できる環境とできない環境がある。接続できるのは、接続先のOracleDBが接続元PCのローカル環境に存在し、環境変数『ORACLE_SID』が設定されている場合。この時sqlplusはLISTENERを用いずBEQ接続を用いてDBへの接続を行う。 -- (s1n) 2012-10-10 10 11 10 Bequeath Net8 IPC接続 -- (s1n) 2012-10-10 10 23 26 行ロック： 行ロックをしたい場合は『select文』を使う。『select文』末に『for update』と記載するとhitしたレコードがロックされる。ただし、表を結合していた場合は『of句』を使わないとロックされないらしい。 また、『wait句』を使うことで既にロックがかかっていた場合に、ロックが解除されるまでの時間を秒で指定する。『nowait句』を指定すると既にロックがかかっていた場合、エラーとなる。どちらも設定しない場合はロックが解除されるまで延々待ち続ける。 -- (s1n) 2012-10-15 18 19 06 マルチテーブル・インサート。『insert all』これを使うと、1回のSQLで複数データをinsertしたり、複数のtableに一度にい -- (s1n) 2012-11-19 09 15 07 Oracle10gまではlistener.logが4GByteに達するとTNSListenerが強制終了してたらしい。しかもサービス起動中はlistener.logが動かせないっておまけ付き。ｗ 11gからはADR(Automatic Diagnostic Repository)って仕組みが導入されたおかげでサービス起動中でもlistener.logの移動はできるようになったらしい。 -- (s1n) 2012-12-10 20 58 41 OracleDatabase11gにおいてObject名は30Byte内に収めんといけんらしい。Table名やPKEY名、TableSpace名とか色々全部っぽい。 -- (s1n) 2015-09-18 17 03 06 DBA_TABLESPACE_USAGE_METRICS テーブルスペースの使用量を調べる -- (s1n) 2016-03-13 10 30 02 https //mydbhost.example.com 5500/em/ -- (s1n) 2018-07-18 16 25 46 Oracleでlimitを使いたい場合、ROWNUM＋サブクエリを使う。12c以降であれば、OFFSET＆FETCHを使う。 -- (s1n) 2020-05-25 11 20 34 名前 コメント すべてのコメントを見る
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DataBaseとSQL 超基本的SQL文 SQL文あわせ技 データの削除 テーブルの作成と削除 ビューの作成と削除 IDをDBのシーケンスで自動採番する テーブルをロックする postgresql
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PUC_Database A.音ゲーサークルPUCで、役に立ちそうな音ゲー関連のデータベースを作ってみようという企画です。 特に作成制限とかはありません。 編集希望の方はTwitter@komkoma2727まで連絡ください。 URL：https //docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1F1wZGorY8OC6ijz7Dfhxi6KtFNHCWtJcG0MtfB-F5Yk/edit?usp=sharing
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Home » Admin and Setup » General Information Backing Up the Database This document attempts to provide information for both experienced and novice users alike. If the command line is your preference, we have command line examples for you to follow. There are also simple GUI approaches, as described in the pgAdmin section. Command line examples (all platforms) The following examples all use the user name "admin". This is the default name created when installing the PostBooks/OpenMFG software starting with version 3. Earlier versions used the user name "mfgadmin" as the default user and it is possible that the databases can be configured with a different name. You should use the appropriate privileged username in place of "admin" for your system. If logged in to the server running Postgres as a user with the correct permissions, and Postgres runs on default port of 5432 pg_dump -U admin databasename backupname.sql This will create a backup of databasename called backupname.sql If Postgres is running on a port other than 5432 pg_dump -U admin -p 5433 databasename backupname.sql If you are running pg_dump from a remote client pg_dump -U admin -h mypgserver.mydomain.com -p 5433 databasename backupname.sql See also documentation related to installing the database and restoring the database.
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dEaI 3)sの中でも一番の腕を持っていた(ＡＩＭ)。 メンバーの中でも先頭に立って戦ってくれるような感じで、メンバーからの信頼は強く、クラン戦ではVirusを中心に戦うことが多かった。。。主にＳＲを担当することも多かった。。。 メイン武器 TRG-21、AK-47 IN率 マスターと同じで廃人LvはInできるよ（笑） 一言 まぁおれは「楽しむためには勝つ、勝つためには楽しむ」がモットーなんで、そこんとこよろしくねｗ 楽しいから一度このクランに入ってみなよｗ
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Virus メーカー Audley ベアリングサイズ ジャム大径 レスポンス シリコンOリング ボディ･リム材質 メタル 重さ 64.5g 直径 55.5mm 厚さ 40mm ギャップ幅 4mm（固定） 形状が特殊なので、キャッチが痛い。使い心地はいたって普通。 -- 名無しさん (2009-01-06 23 23 22) 知りあいに振らせてもらったが、値段分以上に使える -- 名無しさん (2009-04-25 19 19 28) 5A用にすればキャッチの痛さは気にならないかも。 -- 名無しさん (2009-05-30 10 54 25) 自分が買ったときはおまけで凹ベアが付属してた。ちょっと得した気分。 -- 名無しさん (2010-07-28 17 35 48) 名前 コメント