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CheckIO Electronic Stationの問題和訳 問題ページのうち, 問題の前提となる小話は訳してません. また各問題ページ下部にある「Precondition」は「前提条件」のため訳しません(数値の範囲などだけなので). Letter Queue The Hamming Distance Numbers Factory Brackets Restricted sum Find Sequence Numbered triangles Three Points Circle Radiation search Parse Array How much gold Minesweeper Bit Message Letter Queue First In, First Out. Next! In computer science, a queue is a particular kind of data type in which the entities in the collection are kept in order and the principal operations on the collection are the addition of entities to the rear terminal position (enqueue or push), and removal of entities from the front terminal position (dequeue or pop). This makes the queue a First-In-First-Out (FIFO) data structure. In a FIFO data structure, the first element added to the queue will be the first one to be removed. This is equivalent to the requirement that once a new element is added, all elements that were added before have to be removed before the new element can be removed. We will emulate the queue process with Python. You are given a sequence of commands "PUSH X" -- enqueue X, where X is a letter in uppercase. "POP" -- dequeue the front position. if the queue is empty, then do nothing. The queue can only contain letters. You should process all commands and assemble letters which remain in the queue in one word from the front to the rear of the queue. Let s look at an example, here’s the sequence of commands ["PUSH A", "POP", "POP", "PUSH Z", "PUSH D", "PUSH O", "POP", "PUSH T"] Command Queue Note PUSH A A Added "A" in the empty queue POP Removed "A" POP The queue is empty already PUSH Z Z PUSH D ZD PUSH O ZDO POP DO PUSH T DOT The result Input A sequence of commands as a list of strings. Output The queue remaining as a string. How it is used Queues provide services in computer science, transportation, and operations research where various entities such as data, objects, persons, or events are stored and held to be processed later. In these contexts, the queue performs the function of a buffer. 訳 コンピュータサイエンスでは, キューはエンティティの順序を保持するコレクションで, 主要な操作は後方の端から行われるエンティティの追加(enqueueまたはpushと呼ばれる)と前方の端から行われるエンティティの削除(dequeueまたはpopと呼ばれる)である. これはFirst-In-First-Out(FIFO)構造である. FIFOデータ構造では, キューに最初に追加された要素は最初に削除される. これは新しい要素が追加されることが, 新しい要素が削除される前に以前に追加された全ての要素が削除されていなければならないことに相当する. pythonでのキューのプロセスをエミュレートしよう. あなたにはコマンドのシーケンスが与えられる. "PUSH X" はXをキューに追加する, ここでのXは大文字の文字である. "POP" はキューの先頭の文字を削除する. もしキューが空なら, 何もしない. キューは文字のみを含む. あなたは全てのコマンドを処理し, キューに残った文字を, 先頭から後方に向かって組み立てる. 例を見てみよう. 次のコマンドを実行するとする. ["PUSH A", "POP", "POP", "PUSH Z", "PUSH D", "PUSH O", "POP", "PUSH T"] Command キュー メモ PUSH A A 空のキューに"A"を追加 POP "A"を削除 POP キューは空なので何もしない PUSH Z Z PUSH D ZD PUSH O ZDO POP DO PUSH T DOT 結果 入力 文字列のリストとしてコマンド. 出力 キューに残った文字を文字列として. 備考 キューはコンピュータサイエンス, 輸送, オペレーションズリサーチなどにおいて, データ, オブジェクト, 人, イベントなどが格納され文字として保持されているような様々なエンティティを提供する. これらの環境では, キューはバッファとして機能する. The Hamming Distance Calculate the binary Hamming Distance The Hamming distance between two binary integers is the number of bit positions that differs (read more about the Hamming distance on Wikipedia). For example 117 = 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 17 = 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 H = 0+1+1+0+0+1+0+0 = 3 You are given two positive numbers (N, M) in decimal form. You should calculate the Hamming distance between these two numbers in binary form. Input Two arguments as integers. Output The Hamming distance as an integer. How it is used This is a basis for Hamming code and other linear error-correcting programs. The Hamming distance is used in systematics as a measure of genetic distance. On a grid (ie a chessboard,) the Hamming distance is the minimum number of moves it would take a rook to move from one cell to the other. 訳 2つの2進数のハミング距離とは, ビットの位置の数の差である(詳しくはWikipediaを見てね). たとえば 117 = 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 17 = 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 H = 0+1+1+0+0+1+0+0 = 3 あなたに2つの正の10進数(N, M)が与えられる. あなたは2つの数の2進表記からハミング距離を計算する必要がある. 入力 2つの整数 出力 ハミング距離, 整数 備考 これはハミング符号や他の線形エラー訂正問題の基礎だ. ハミング距離は体系学でよく使われる一般的な距離の指標だ. チェスボードのようなグリッドでは, ハミング距離はルークの移動の最小値である. Numbers Factory Deconstruct and reconstruct numbers to create a new number You are given a two or more digits number N. For this mission, you should find the smallest positive number of X, such that the product of its digits is equal to N. If X does not exist, then return 0. Let s examine the example. N = 20. We can factorize this number as 2*10, but 10 is not a digit. Also we can factorize it as 4*5 or 2*2*5. The smallest number for 2*2*5 is 225, for 4*5 -- 45. So we select 45. Hints Remember prime numbers (numbers divisible by only one) and be careful with endless loops. Input A number N, an integer. Output The number X, an integer. How it is used This task will teach you how to work with numbers in code. You can factorize numbers and reconstruct them into new numbers. Of course you can solve this problem with brute force, but is that the best way? Numbers are the foundation of mathematics and programming. 訳 あなたに二桁以上の数Nが与えられる. このミッションでは, あなたはNの1桁の因数を桁とする最小の整数Xを見つけ出す必要がある. Xが存在しないなら0を返す. たちえば, N = 20のとき, 私たちは因数分解して2*10を得るが, 10は1桁ではない. 他にも4*5や2*2*5を得る. 225と45のうち最小の数は45だ. よって45を選ぶ. ヒント 素数を保持しておくとよい, また無限ループに注意. 入力 整数N 出力 整数X 備考 このタスクは数の扱いをあなたに教える. あなたは因数分解し, 再構築して新しい数を得られる. もちろん, あなたは力技(brute-force)で解くこともできるが, それが最良の方法かな? 数は数学とプログラミングの基礎だ. Brackets Check to see that the brackets have been implemented correctly You are given an expression with numbers, brackets and operators. For this task only the brackets matter. Brackets come in three flavors "{}" "()" or "[]". Brackets are used to determine scope or to restrict some expression. If a bracket is open, then it must be closed with a closing bracket of the same type. The scope of a bracket must not intersected by another bracket. For this task, you should to make a decision to correct an expression or not based on the brackets. Do not worry about operators and operands. Input An expression with different of types brackets. A string (unicode). Output The correctness the expression or don’t. A boolean. How it is used When you write code or complex expressions in a mathematical package, you can get huge headache when it comes to excess or missing brackets. This concept can be useful for your own IDE. 訳 あなたに数と演算子と括弧だけの数式が与えられる. このタスクでは括弧のことだけ注目する. 括弧は"{}"と"()"と"[]"の3つがある. 括弧はスコープを決定したり, いくつかの数式に制限を与えるために使われる. もし括弧が開いていたら, それは同じタイプの括弧で, 近い位置で閉じられていなければならない. 括弧のスコープはほかの括弧を横切ってはならない. このタスクを解くために, あなたは数式が正しいかどうか, または括弧が間違っていると教えなければならない. 演算子などについては心配しなくてもよい. 入力 異なる括弧を含む数式, 文字列(unicode) 出力 数式が正しいかどうか, boolean 備考 あなたのコードや数学パッケージの複雑な数式などで, あなたは括弧の過多, 欠如で頭痛を抱えるだろう. このコンセプトはあなたのIDEで役に立っている. Restricted sum Find a sum of numbers without using the banned words. Our new calculator is censored and as such it does not accept certain words. You should try to trick by writing a program to calculate the sum of numbers. Given a list of numbers, you should find the sum of these numbers. Your solution should not contain any of the banned words, even as a part of another word. The list of banned words are as follows sum import for while reduce Input A list of numbers. Output The sum of numbers. How it is used This task challenges your creativity to come up with a solution to fit this mission s specs! 訳 私たちの新しい計算機は検閲されていて, 特定の単語が使えない. あなたは数の和を計算するプログラムをトリッキーな方法で書く必要がある. 数のリストが与えられ, あなたはそれらの和を計算する. あなたの答えは制限された単語を含んではいけない. 制限されている単語は以下のとおり. sum import for while reduce 入力 数のリスト 出力 数の和 備考 このタスクはミッションのスペックに合わせて解決策を考え出す, あなたの創造力への挑戦である! Find Sequence Search a matrix for a sequence of numbers You are given a matrix of NxN (4≤N≤10). You should check if there is a sequence of 4 or more matching digits. The sequence may be positioned horizontally, vertically or diagonally (NW-SE or NE-SW diagonals). Input A list of lists. Each list contains integers. Output A boolean. Whether or not a sequence exists. How it is used This concept is useful for games where you need to detect various lines of the same elements (match 3 games for example). This algorithm can be used for basic pattern recognition. 訳 あなたにNxN(4≤N≤10)の行列が与えられる. あなたは4つ以上の同じ数字が並んでいるかどうかをチェックする. シーケンスは水平, 垂直, そして斜めがある. 入力 リストのリスト, 要素は整数 出力 boolean, シーケンスがあるかどうか 備考 このコンセプトは同じ要素のさまざまな線の検出を必要とするゲームで使われる. このアルゴリズムは基本的なパターン認識で使われる. Numbered triangles Help the robots win with the highest score that can be achieved in a triangle game Our robots like games that require the ability to calculate equations. Mission control recently sent them the new game to occupy their time while flying from one Island to the next. This game is called "Numbered Triangles". Players take 6 chips from the pile, each chip is made of an equilateral triangle with three numbers one on each edge. You can move, rotate and flip the chips so they form a hexagon. The hexagon is only legal if the adjacent edges for each triangle have matching numbers. The score for a legal hexagon is the sum of the numbers on the outside six edges. The player s goal is to find the highest score that can be achieved with the given six chips. Each chip is represented as a list with three positive numbers. You should help the robots find the highest score for the given chips and return the score as a number. If you cannot form legal hexagon from the chips, then return a score of 0. Input The chip info as a list of lists. Each list contain three integers. Output The highest possible score as an integer. How it is used This concept is used in optimization systems; you have constraints but you should work to get the most with these constraints. Of course this algorithm can be useful for the realisation of gameplay mechanics. 訳 私たちのロボットは数式を計算する能力が必要なゲームが好きだ. ミッションコントロールは最近次の島に行くまでの暇つぶしのために, 新しいゲームを送ってきた.このゲームは"Numbered Triangles"と呼ばれる. プレイヤーは山から6枚のチップをとる. それぞれのチップは3つの数字が端に書かれた三角形で出来ている. あなたはチップを 回転や反転させて6角形を作る. この6角形はそれぞれの三角形の隣り合う辺の数字が一致しなければならない. 外側の数値の和が, 出来た6角形のスコアとなる. プレイヤーのゴールは与えられた6枚のチップからもっとも高いスコアを探し出すことである. それぞれのチップは3つの整数からなるリストとして表現される. あなたはロボットが与えられたチップを使って最高のスコアを探し出すことを手助けし, スコアを整数として返す必要がある. もし6枚のチップからそのような6角形が作れない場合, 0を返す. 入力 チップの情報としてリストのリスト. それぞれのリストは3つの整数を持つ. 出力 可能なスコアのうちもっとも高いスコアを整数で. 備考 このコンセプトは最適化システムで使われる, あなたは制約条件の中でもっとも高いものを得る必要がある. もちろん, このアルゴリズムはゲームプレイ技術の実現としてよく使われる. メモ +... 全探索(すなわち, すべての6角形の場合をしらみつぶしに探して, 6角形になるもののうちもっとも高いスコアを出せばよいが, 全探索時のオーダーはかなり大きい. Three Points Circle Using three points and code, build a circle for Nikola. Nicola discovered a calliper inside a set of drafting tools he received as a gift. Seeing the caliper, he has decided to learn how to use it. Through any three points that do not exist on the same line, there lies a unique circle. The points of this circle are represented in a string with the coordinates like so "(x1,y1),(x2,y2),(x3,y3)" Where x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3 are digits. You should find the circle for three given points, such that the circle lies through these point and return the result as a string with the equation of the circle. In a Cartesian coordinate system (with an X and Y axis), the circle with central coordinates of (a,b) and radius of r can be described with the following equation "(x-x0)^2+(y-y0)^2=r^2" where x0,y0,r are decimal numbers rounded to two decimal points. Remove extraneous zeros and all decimal points, they are not necessary. For rounding, use the standard mathematical rules. Input A string with coordinates. Output The equation of the circle as a string. How it is used This equation, also known as Equation of the Circle, comes from the Pythagorean theorem when applied to any point on a circle the radius is the hypotenuse of a right-angled triangle whose other sides are of length x − a and y − b. Of course you can use this concept for you mathematics software, but we just want to remind about how awesome circles are. 訳 ニコラはギフトとして受けとった製図器のセットの中にあるカリパスを発見した. カリパスを見ると, 彼は使い方を学ぶためにあることを決めた. 同一線上に存在しない任意の3点を通るように描くと, それは円になる. この円のポイントは座標の文字列として以下のように表現される. "(x1,y1),(x2,y2),(x3,y3)" ここで, x1,y1,x2,y2,x3,y3はすべて数値である. あなたは与えられた3点から円を見つける必要がある. 3点を通る円は円の方程式を文字列として返す. デカルト座標(X軸とY軸を持つ)では, 円は中心の座標(a,b)と, 半径rを用いて以下の方程式で表記される. "(x-x0)^2+(y-y0)^2=r^2" ここで x0,y0,rは小数点第2位で丸められた10進数である. 小数点以下が0の場合は取り除く, それらは必要ない. 丸めには標準的な数学のルールを用いる. 入力 3つの座標の文字列 出力 円の方程式を文字列として 備考 この方程式は, 円の方程式として知られており, 円上の任意の点に適用するときは, ピタゴラスの定理から, 半径は右直角三角形の斜辺であり, 残りの辺の長さはx - aとy - bとなる. もちろん, あなたの数学的なソフトウェアのために, この問題を使うこともできるが, 円の方程式の求め方について忘れないでほしい. メモ +... カリパス(キャリパー)はコンパスのようなもの. デカルト座標は普通のX軸, Y軸からなる直交座標のこと. Radiation search Search for contaminated cargo and number unions. The robots have learned that the last container which they picked up during a supply stop on another island is radioactive. There are five different kinds of spare parts contained within marked by number. The radiation is emitted from the largest group of identical spare parts (where each part is adjacently joined). Help them find this group and point out the quantity of identical parts within the group as well as the number of the spare part itself in the container. The container is represented as a square matrix A (3≤|A|≤10). The numbers 1 through 5 are used to label the different kinds of spare parts -- the elements of A. Zero is an empty cell. Find the largest group of identical numbers adjacently joined to each other and point out both the quantity of the spare parts within the group and the number of the spare part itself. Input A square matrix as a list of lists. Each list contains integers Output The size and marking of the largest group as a list of two integers. How it is used In this task, you can learn about Union-finding algorithms and Disjoint-set data structures. It can be used in image recognition, geographic analysis and even model the partitioning of a set. 訳 ロボットは, 彼らが別の島に供給停止した際に拾った, 最後のコンテナが放射性であることを学んだ. 数字のマークがついた5種類のスペアパーツがある. 放射は同一のスペアパーツ(それぞれのパーツは隣接してつながっている)のもっとも大きなグループから出る. このグループを見つけて, グループ内の同一のパーツの量を出すと, コンテナの中のスペアパーツの数がわかる. コンテナはサイズA(3≤|A|≤10)の正方行列として表現される. 1から5の数字はスペアパーツの種類を指す. 0は空のセルだ. 隣り合っている同一の数のグループのうち, もっとも大きなものを見つけると, スペアパーツの数がわかる. 入力 リストのリストとして渡される正方行列. それぞれのリストは整数を含む. 出力 もっとも大きなグループのマークと大きさを2つの整数のリストとして. 備考 このタスクでは, あなたはUnion-Findingアルゴリズムと, 素集合データ構造について学ぶことが出来る. それらは画像認識や地形分析, 集合の分割モデルとして使われる. Parse Array The parser is broken and requires repair. In this task you you already have the solution. The problem is that it has a bug and you must try to find and fix it. "import", "exec" and "eval" don t work for this task. You are given a string that contains a list with integers or nested lists. The integers could have single plus or minus sign before them. If the input string does not contain an array, then raise ValueError. For an incorrectly formatted string -- raise ValueError. Elements of the array are separated by commas. Input A string. Output The list with nested lists or integers. How it is used This task is designed for you to show off your bug hunting skills. The parser code itself can be modified and improved to work as part of a larger more complex parsing system. 訳 このタスクでは, あなたは既に解を持っている. それにはバグがあり, あなたはバグを見つけ直さなければならない. ただし, "import", "exec", "eval"はこのタスクでは使ってはならない. あなたには整数またはネストしたリストの文字列が与えられる. 整数は数の前に符号がある. 入力文字列が配列でないなら, ValueErrorを返す. 不正な形式の文字列もValueErrorだ. 配列の要素はカンマで区切られる. 入力 文字列 出力 ネストしたリストから, 整数のリスト 備考 このタスクはあなたのバグハンティングスキルを見るために作られた. 複雑な解析システムではパーサーコード自身は改造, 改良されている. メモ +... pythonデバッガ(pdb, ないしpython -m pdb filenameで実行)を使ってステップ実行して挙動を確認しながらやったらできた. How much gold Determine how pure a gold ingot is. Our Favorite Trio has found a mysterious metal bar. This bar appears to be made of various metal including gold, iron, copper and tin. The bar does not contain any other metal except these. We do not know the quantity of each metal in the bar, but we do know the proportions of the various alloys. For example the gold and tin proportion is 1/2, gold and iron -- 1/3, gold and copper -- 1/4. "the gold and tin proportion id 1/2" means that gold and tin together (their sum, not their ratio!) are the 1/2 of the whole bar (the sum of them all). You should calculate the proportion of gold in the entire bar. The proportions are given as a dictionary where keys are alloy names and values are proportions. The alloy names are presented as strings, which are composed of two metal names separated by a dash (Ex "gold-tin", "iron-copper", "iron-gold"). The proportions are presented as fractions (fractions.Fraction date type. Read about this module). You should return the proportion of gold in the bar as a fraction (fractions.Fraction). Input Alloys names and proportions. A dictionary. Output Proportion of gold. A fractions.Fraction. How it is used This task teaches you how to work with the Fraction data type. Fraction is very useful data type when you work with fractional numbers and want to avoid the float-rounding problem. You can learn how to use equation sets and pick out information from the combined data. 訳 私たち仲良し3人組は, 不思議な金属のインゴットを見つけた. このインゴットは金, 鉄, 銅そして錫からなる. インゴットはそれら以外の金属を含んでいない. 私たちはインゴットの中のそれぞれの金属の量を知らないが, 合金としての割合は知っている. たとえば, 金と錫は1/2, 金と鉄は1/3, 金と銅は1/4だとする. 「金と錫の割合が1/2」というのは金と錫を合わせて, インゴットの1/2の重さであることを意味する. あなたはインゴットの中の金の割合を計算する必要がある. 割合は合金の名前をキーとした辞書として与えられる. 合金の名前は文字列として, ダッシュによって区切られた2つの金属名として表現される(例 "gold-tin", "iron-copper", "iron-gold"). 割合は分数として表現される(fractionsモジュールのFraction型). あなたはインゴットの中の金の割合を分数として返す. 入力 合金の名前と割合, 辞書 出力 金の割合, Fractionで 備考 このタスクはあなたにFraction型の使い方を教える. Fractionは分数や, 浮動小数点の丸め問題を回避するため非常によく使われるデータ型である. あなたは複合したデータから式のセットと情報を取り出すことを学ぶことが出来る. Minesweeper Learn to play the game "Minesweeper” all over again with coding! Minesweeper is a popular classic computer game. The object of the game is to clear an abstract minefield without detonating a mine. The player is initially presented with a grid of undifferentiated squares. Some randomly selected squares, unknown to the player, contain mines. The size of the grid is typically 10x10. The game is played by revealing various squares of the grid. If a square containing a mine is revealed, it detonates and the player loses the game. When a non-mined square is clicked, a digit is revealed in the square. This indicates the number of adjacent squares (typically, out of the possible eight) that contain mines. In typical implementations, if this number is zero then the square appears blank, and the surrounding squares are automatically revealed. You should open all cells without mine or mark all mines. Let s learn the rules If you uncover a mine, the game ends. If you uncover an empty square, you can keep playing. If you mark as mine a mined cell, you can keep playing. If you uncover a number, it will tell you how many mines lay hidden beneath the eight surrounding squares—use this information to deduce which nearby squares are safe to click on. If you mark as mine a cell without mine, the game ends. If you uncover already opened cell, the game ends (we don t like perpetual game.). On each iteration, the checkio function got a field s map as argument. The map is presented as a list of list. Each cell on the map can be marked as -1 -- not opened cells, 9 -- a mine, a number from 0 to 8 -- a count of the number of mines surrounding the cell. Your checkio function must return a tuple or a list of three values. The first value reflects whether there is a landmine on the following coordinates (true or false). The second and third values are the coordinates in the passed field map (field[i][j]). For starting the game you can use [0, 0] cell -- it is empty always. Input A field map. A list of lists. Output A tuple or a list with next values is it a mine as boolean, row and column as integers. How it is used Of course the goal of this task is to show that you have the skills to write a bot for the original Windows game and save your colleagues from procrastination. These skills can also help with more serious problems and can be used in prediction and decision systems. 訳 マインスイーパはポピュラーで古典的なゲームだ. このゲームの目的は地雷を爆発させることなく, 仮想の地雷原をクリアにすることだ. プレイヤーにはまず未分化の正方グリッドが与えられる. いくつかのスクエアには, プレイヤーに知られることなく, 地雷が置かれる. グリッドのサイズは10x10だ. このゲームはグリッドのスクエアを明らかにすることによってプレイされる. もし地雷を含んだスクエアが明らかにされると, それは爆発し, プレイヤーはゲームに敗北する. 地雷のないスクエアをクリックしたとき, スクエアには数字が表示される. この数字は隣接8マスに含まれる地雷の数を示している. 典型的な実装として, 数字が0の場合スクエアは表示せず, 周囲のスクエアを自動的に明らかにする. あなたは地雷を爆発させることなく, または全ての地雷にマークをつけて, すべてのセルを開く必要がある. ルールをまとめよう. 地雷を開くと, ゲームは終了. 空のスクエアを開くと, ゲームは続行. 地雷のあるセルをマークしても, ゲームは続行. 数字を開いたら, それはその周囲8セルにある地雷の数を教えてくれ, 近くの安全なセルを推測させてくれる. 地雷のないところに地雷マークをつけると, ゲームは終了 既に開いているセルを開くと, ゲームは終了 繰り返しのうえで, checkio関数はフィールドのマップを引数として受け取る. マップはリストのリストとして表現される. マップのそれぞれのセルは次のようにマークされる. －1 開いていないセル 9 地雷 0-8 周囲のセルにある地雷の数 あなたのchekcio関数はタプルかリストで3つの値を返す. 最初の値は座標上のセルが地雷かどうか(TrueかFalse). 残り2つは座標だ. あなたは[0, 0]からゲームを始める, ここは常に空だ. 入力 フィールドマップ, リストのリスト 出力 タプルかリスト, 地雷かどうかのbooleanと, 座標を指す行と列 備考 もちろんこのタスクのゴールはオリジナルのwindowsのゲームのためのbotを書くあなたのスキルを見るためと, 先延ばしからあなたの同僚を守るためだ. これらのスキルはより重大な問題の助けや予報, 決定システムでよく使われる. Bit Message Decode a message The Bit Message is a message that is hidden within the lines of an octet stream and it is represented as a hexadecimal string which has maximum length of 149 octets. The first 9 octets of the message contain the header for the message and the rest comprise the content. The header contains 1 type octet, 7 timestamp octets, and 1 message length octet. The content contains a maximum of 140 octets and could be packed with either 7 bit, 8 bit or 16 bit. 7 bit packed messages have a length of 160 characters, 8 bit packed messages have a length of 140 characters, and 16 bit packed messages will only have a length of 70 characters. Input data A hexadecimal string that is a bit message (unicode). Output data A list containing the timestamp, length of message and the message itself. The message is unicode. 訳 Bit Messageはオクテットストリームに隠されたメッセージで, それは最大149オクテットの長さの16進数の文字列として表現される. 最初の9オクテットは, メッセージのヘッダーであり, メッセージの情報が格納されている. ヘッダーの1オクテットはメッセージの種類を指し, 7オクテットはタイムスタンプを, 残りの1オクテットはメッセージの長さである. メッセージ自体は最大140オクテットであり, (メッセージの種類によって)7bit, 8bit, 16bitパックになっている. 7bitパックのメッセージは160文字, 8bitパックのメッセージは140文字, 16bitパックの文字は70文字までとなっている. 入力 ビットメッセージとして16進数の文字列(unicode) 出力 タイムスタンプ, メッセージとメッセージの長さを含んだリスト, メッセージはunicode. メモ +... オクテット(octet)は8bitのこと, 1byteは処理系によって8bitとは限らない.
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Instinct BASIC ADVANCED EXTREME Level 4 6 9 Notes 252 473 662 BPM 151-180 Time - Artist Strike Anywhere Version jukebeat 動画 ニコニコ動画 譜面動画 EXTREME (フラワー) 攻略 各譜面の攻略に関する情報はこちらへ。 9では難しい方ではないが、逆方向2列スライドと斜め同時縦連打が苦しい -- 名無しさん (2011-08-12 22 22 07) 名前 コメント ※攻略の際は、文頭に[BSC] [ADV] [EXT] のいずれかを置くと、どの譜面に関する情報かが分かりやすいです。 コメント時は、以前同じような攻略が投稿されていないか、よく読んでからにしましょう 「攻略」には、譜面の攻略情報を書きましょう（攻略と関係ないものは削除の対象になることがあります） 攻略に関係の無い話はこちらで ⇒ 情報交換＆雑談 【よくある書き込み】 1. 譜面攻略に関する質問 ⇒ まずは、ひと通りページを読みましょう。既に出ている情報の場合、重複とみなし削除されます。 2.『クリアできた』『やっとS取れた』といった報告 ⇒ 攻略に関係の無いコメントは禁止です。 3. 攻略とは関係の無い、曲に関する情報 ⇒ 関連情報は、ページ上部（タイトル近く）に追記されることがあります。 4. 他の曲との比較 ⇒ ほどほどにしましょう。 注意書きを編集する
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autolink トリスケラバス/Triskelavus (７) アーティファクト・クリーチャー ― 構築物(Construct) 飛行 トリスケラバスはその上に+1/+1カウンターが３個置かれた状態で戦場に出る。 (１),トリスケラバスから+1/+1カウンターを１個取り除く：飛行を持つ無色の1/1のトリスケラバイト(Triskelavite)・アーティファクト・クリーチャー・トークンを１体戦場に出す。それは「このクリーチャーを生け贄に捧げる：クリーチャー１体かプレイヤー１人を対象とする。このクリーチャーはそれに１点のダメージを与える。」を持つ。 1/1 《トリスケラバス/Triskelavus》をGathererで確認 《トリスケラバス/Triskelavus》をGoogleで検索 《トリスケラバス/Triskelavus》が使用された大会 取得中です。 カードテキスト転載元：Wisdom Guild様 2011 / 10 / 01
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Weapon Statistics Cover Table Target Table Wehrmacht Panzerschreck Damage 120?120 Fire Aim Time 0?0 Range Max 35 Min 0 L 35 Aim Multiplier L 1 AOE Distance L 1.2 M 20 M 1 M 0.5 S 12 S 1 S 0 Accuracy L 0.35 Ready Aim Time 0.25?0.25 AOE Accuracy L 1 M 0.75 Post Firing Aim Time 1.25 M 1 S 1 Post Firing Cooldown 0.75 S 1 Reload 8.5?7.5 AOE Damage L 0.2 1 Reload Multiplier L 1.25 Penetration L 1 M 0.4 1 M 1 M 1 S 1.25 1 S 1 S 1 AOE penetration L 0.75 Cooldown 0?0 Deflection Multiplier 0.15 M 1 Cooldown Multiplier L 2 Suppression L 0.004 S 1 M 1 M 0.004 AOE Suppression L 0 0 S 0.5 S 0.004 M 0 0 Wind Up 0.1 Nearby Supp. Multiplier 1 S 0 0 Wind Down 0 Nearby Supp. Radius 10 Setup Time 1 Vs. Supp. Targets A 1 Fire Cone Angle 5 Burst Duration 0?0 P 1 Tracking Vertical 45?-45 Rate of Fire 0?0 D 1 Tracking Horizontal -60?60 Reload Frequency 1?1 S 1.25 Speed Vertical 90 Moving Accuracy 0.5 Speed Horizontal 120 Moving Burst 1 Scatter Angle 15 Moving Cooldown 1 Scatter Max 20 AA Weapon false Acc. Incremental 1 Scatter Offset 0.1 Attack Ground true Search Radius L 0 Scatter Ratio 0.5 Projectile m9_bazooka_60mm_rocket M 0 FoW Angle Mult. 2 S 0 FoW Distance Mult. 2 Cover Type Accuracy Damage Suppression Penetration Default 1 1 1 1 Garrison 3 1 0 1 Halftrack 0.5 0.25 1 1 Heavy 0.25 1 0.5 0.5 Light 1 0.75 0.75 1 Negative 1.25 1 1.25 1 Open 1.25 1 1 1 Smoke 0.25 1 1 1 Trench 0.15 0.1 0 1 Water 1 1 1 1 Bunker 0.15 1 0 0.25 Emplacement 0.5 1 0.75 1 Target Name Acc Mov Dmg Pen R-Pen Sup Pri Infantry 0.15 0.5 1 2 1 1 10 Infantry Airborne 0.15 0.5 1 2 1 1 10 Airborne Inflight 1 1 1 2 1 1 50 Infantry Heroic 0.15 0.5 1 2 1 0.5 10 Infantry Elite 0.15 0.5 1 2 1 1 10 Infantry Sniper 0.15 0.5 3 2 1 1 10 Infantry Soldier 0.15 0.5 1 2 1 1 10 Bren Carrier 1 0.5 1 5 3 1 50 Motorcycle 1 0.6 1 3 3 1 60 Jeep 1 0.6 1 3 3 1 60 M3 Halftrack 1 0.8 0.8 10 1 1 90 Greyhound 0.73 0.8 0.7 10 1 1 90 Stuart 1 1 1 5 5 1 90 Sdkfz 234 Puma 0.73 0.8 0.7 6.15 10 1 90 Sdkfz 251 Halftrack 1 0.8 0.8 10 1 1 90 Sdkfz 22x 1 1 1 5 1 1 90 M10 TD 0.93 1 1 2.27 1.62 1 90 Sherman 1 1 1 0.878 5.68 1 90 Flak Panzer 1 1 1 2.64 3.35 1 90 Panther 1 1 1 0.529 6.12 1 90 Panther w/Skirts 1 1 0.75 0.397 6.12 1 90 Panzer IV 1 1 1 0.878 5.79 1 90 Panzer IV w/Skirts 1 1 0.75 0.658 5.79 1 90 StuG 1 1 1 0.878 5.89 1 90 StuG w/Skirts 1 1 0.75 0.658 5.89 1 90 Tiger 1 1 1 0.459 1.98 1 90 Churchill 1 1 1 0.529 2.28 1 90 Cromwell 0.93 1 1 2.64 5 1 90 Priest 1 1 1 5 5 1 90 Pershing 1.08 1 1 0.459 4.63 1 90 Marder III 1 1 1 1 5 1 90 Hetzer 1 1 1 0.823 3.33 1 90 Hummel 1 1 1 5 3 1 90 Jagdpanther 1 1 1 0.459 5 1 90 Team Weapon 1 1 1 1 1 1 5 Howitzer 1 1 1 1 1 1 25 Towed Gun 0.75 1 1 1 1 1 25 Flak 88 1 1 0.7 1 1 1 25 P47 Thunderbolt 1 1 1 1 1 1 25 Building Construction 1 1 2.5 3 1 1 25 Building 10 1 0.5 3 1 1 20 Checkpoint 5 1 0.8 3 1 1 0 Bunker 5 1 1 10 1 1 3 CW Emplacement 5 1 1 1 1 1 25 CW Emplaced HQ 1 1 1 1 1 1 25 CW Mobile HQ 1 1 1 1 1 1 25 Defenses 1 1 0.5 3 1 1 25 Defenses Construction 5 1 5 1 1 1 25 Trench 0.25 1 1 2 1 1 25 Mine 1 1 1 2 1 1 25 Mine Airdrop 1 1 1.5 2 1 1 40 Detector Radio 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 Bridge 1 1 0.05 0.1 1 1 25 Critical Table Retrieved from http //coh-stats.com/Weapon Wehrmacht_Panzerschreck
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Primary Mathematics for the Caribbean Macmillan Caribbean? Melvyn Nolan? MacmillanCaribbean? MelvynNolan? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Children sBooks-Science,Nature&HowItWorks-Math? Subjects-Science-Mathematics? Skyline 2 CD Audio Split B Macmillan ELT? Brewster Et Al? MacmillanELT? BrewsterEtAl? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Skyline 3 CD Audio Split A Macmillan ELT? Brewster Et Al? MacmillanELT? BrewsterEtAl? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Skyline 3 CD Audio Split B Macmillan ELT? Brewster Et Al? MacmillanELT? BrewsterEtAl? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Skyline Macmillan ELT? Brewster? et al? MacmillanELT? Brewster? etal? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Nonfiction-Education-LanguageInstruction-Instruction-EnglishasaForeignLanguage-BooksonCassette? Subjects-Reference-ForeignLanguages-Instruction-EnglishasaForeignLanguage-BooksonCassette? Formats-AudioCDs-General? Formats-Audiocassettes-Languages-EnglishasaForeignLanguage? 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ロイリング・インキャント Roiling Incant Though many spellcasters can harness the forces of magic in a consistent manner, such power can't always be controlled, especially in the hands of reckless researchers, megalomaniacal villains, or untested novices. When magical accidents result in large-scale property damage and the loss of life, these forces sometimes take on lives of their own, forming a dangerous amalgamation of ongoing magical energy known as a roiling incant. A roiling incant's appearance depends on the type of magic it sprang forth from, though it always carries with it an echo of the destruction it has caused. A fiery evocation roiling incant might look like a storm of burning ashes echoing with the sounds of crackling timber, while a necromancy roiling incant could be mistaken for ghostly tendrils puppeteering shambling corpses. No matter what it looks like, a roiling incant roams mindlessly, attacking everything it encounters, heedless of further carnage it causes. Roiling Incant Variations Roiling Incant Variations Each roiling incant is tied to a magic tradition as well as to a school of magic, and thus each has the traits of that tradition and school. Its innate spells must come from that tradition and school of magic, and they are usually related to the accident that caused the roiling incant's creation. The additional damage from their Engulf ability also changes based on their innate cantrip. Variant roiling incants usually have one 4th-level spell, one 3rd-level spell, one 2nd-level spell, and a cantrip, just like the example roiling incant presented below. Evocation roiling incants are the most common, as that school of magic is often the most destructive. ロイリング・インキャント Roiling Incant クリーチャー9 アンコモン N 大型 精神なし 秘術 出典 Bestiary 3 215ページ 知覚＋15 技能 〈軽業〉＋19 【筋】＋4、【敏】＋4、【耐】＋6、【知】－5、【判】±0、【魅】－5 AC 25；頑健＋19、反応＋17、意志＋15 HP 155；完全耐性 ［出血］、即死効果、病気、凶兆状態、吸精状態、力術、疲労状態、治癒、精神、死霊術、負のエネルギー、非致傷攻撃、麻痺状態、毒、不調状態、気絶状態 Absorb Evocation／Absorb Evocation A roiling incant is made of evocation energy. Any time it would be affected by another creature's non-cantrip evocation spell、after applying its immunity、it also regains 5 Hit Points. 移動速度 飛行40フィート 近接 [one-action] arcane tendril ＋19［＋14／＋9］（秘術、力術、魔法、間合い：10フィート）、ダメージ 2d12＋10［力場］ 遠隔 [one-action] arcane bolt ＋19［＋14／＋9］（秘術、力術、射程単位30フィート）、ダメージ 2d10＋10［力場］ 秘術生得呪文 DC 30、攻撃＋20；4レベル ウォール・オヴ・ファイアー(回数無制限；see Unstable Magic)；3レベル ファイアーボール(回数無制限；see Unstable Magic)；2レベル フレイミング・スフィアー(回数無制限；see Unstable Magic)；キャントリップ （4レベル） プロデュース・フレイム 包み込み [two-actions] DC 28, 2d8 force plus 4d4 fire, 脱出DC 28、破裂20 Unstable Magic／Unstable Magic A roiling incant is as much a mass of unstable magic as it is a creature. Is isn't living or undead, nor is it even a construct. It can't be healed or Repaired and is destroyed at 0 Hit Points, though it naturally recovers a number of Hit Points equal to its level × its Constitution modifier (54 for most roiling incants) each day. Each time a roiling incant casts one of its non-cantrip spells, it drains its own magic to do so, taking 5 force damage. 追加の知識：Roiling Incant Origins Roiling Incant Origins A roiling incant is a curiosity among scholars. It is neither living nor dead, nor is it a construct. Instead, it is magic of its tradition and school manifesting as a mindless entity, a magical force of nature. While some particularly vile spellcasters have attempted to create these beings intentionally and unleash them on an enemy's home, thus far no one has determined a reliable method to do so.
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memo source 1 /* Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more 2 * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with 3 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. 4 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 5 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with 6 * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at 7 * 8 * http //www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 9 * 10 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 11 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, 12 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. 13 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and 14 * limitations under the License. 15 */ 16 17 #ifndef APACHE_HTTP_CONFIG_H 18 #define APACHE_HTTP_CONFIG_H 19 20 #include "apr_hooks.h" 21 #include "util_cfgtree.h" 22 23 #ifdef __cplusplus 24 extern "C" { 25 #endif 26 27 /** 28 * @file http_config.h 29 * @brief Apache Configuration 30 */ 31 32 /* 33 * The central data structures around here... 34 */ 35 36 /* Command dispatch structures... */ 37 38 /** 39 * How the directives arguments should be parsed. 40 * @remark Note that for all of these except RAW_ARGS, the config routine is 41 * passed a freshly allocated string which can be modified or stored 42 * or whatever... 43 */ 44 enum cmd_how { 45 RAW_ARGS, /** cmd_func parses command line itself */ 46 TAKE1, /** one argument only */ 47 TAKE2, /** two arguments only */ 48 ITERATE, /** one argument, occuring multiple times 49 * (e.g., IndexIgnore) 50 */ 51 ITERATE2, /** two arguments, 2nd occurs multiple times 52 * (e.g., AddIcon) 53 */ 54 FLAG, /** One of On or Off */ 55 NO_ARGS, /** No args at all, e.g. /Directory */ 56 TAKE12, /** one or two arguments */ 57 TAKE3, /** three arguments only */ 58 TAKE23, /** two or three arguments */ 59 TAKE123, /** one, two or three arguments */ 60 TAKE13 /** one or three arguments */ 61 }; 62 /** 63 * This structure is passed to a command which is being invoked, 64 * to carry a large variety of miscellaneous data which is all of 65 * use to *somebody*... 66 */ 67 typedef struct cmd_parms_struct cmd_parms; 68 69 #if defined(AP_HAVE_DESIGNATED_INITIALIZER) || defined(DOXYGEN) 70 71 /** 72 * All the types of functions that can be used in directives 73 * @internal 74 */ 75 typedef union { 76 /** function to call for a no-args */ 77 const char *(*no_args) (cmd_parms *parms, void *mconfig); 78 /** function to call for a raw-args */ 79 const char *(*raw_args) (cmd_parms *parms, void *mconfig, 80 const char *args); 81 /** function to call for a take1 */ 82 const char *(*take1) (cmd_parms *parms, void *mconfig, const char *w); 83 /** function to call for a take2 */ 84 const char *(*take2) (cmd_parms *parms, void *mconfig, const char *w, 85 const char *w2); 86 /** function to call for a take3 */ 87 const char *(*take3) (cmd_parms *parms, void *mconfig, const char *w, 88 const char *w2, const char *w3); 89 /** function to call for a flag */ 90 const char *(*flag) (cmd_parms *parms, void *mconfig, int on); 91 } cmd_func; 92 93 /** This configuration directive does not take any arguments */ 94 # define AP_NO_ARGS func.no_args 95 /** This configuration directive will handle it s own parsing of arguments*/ 96 # define AP_RAW_ARGS func.raw_args 97 /** This configuration directive takes 1 argument*/ 98 # define AP_TAKE1 func.take1 99 /** This configuration directive takes 2 arguments */ 100 # define AP_TAKE2 func.take2 101 /** This configuration directive takes 3 arguments */ 102 # define AP_TAKE3 func.take3 103 /** This configuration directive takes a flag (on/off) as a argument*/ 104 # define AP_FLAG func.flag 105 106 /** method of declaring a directive with no arguments */ 107 # define AP_INIT_NO_ARGS(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 108 { directive, { .no_args=func }, mconfig, where, RAW_ARGS, help } 109 /** method of declaring a directive with raw argument parsing */ 110 # define AP_INIT_RAW_ARGS(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 111 { directive, { .raw_args=func }, mconfig, where, RAW_ARGS, help } 112 /** method of declaring a directive which takes 1 argument */ 113 # define AP_INIT_TAKE1(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 114 { directive, { .take1=func }, mconfig, where, TAKE1, help } 115 /** method of declaring a directive which takes multiple arguments */ 116 # define AP_INIT_ITERATE(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 117 { directive, { .take1=func }, mconfig, where, ITERATE, help } 118 /** method of declaring a directive which takes 2 arguments */ 119 # define AP_INIT_TAKE2(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 120 { directive, { .take2=func }, mconfig, where, TAKE2, help } 121 /** method of declaring a directive which takes 1 or 2 arguments */ 122 # define AP_INIT_TAKE12(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 123 { directive, { .take2=func }, mconfig, where, TAKE12, help } 124 /** method of declaring a directive which takes multiple 2 arguments */ 125 # define AP_INIT_ITERATE2(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 126 { directive, { .take2=func }, mconfig, where, ITERATE2, help } 127 /** method of declaring a directive which takes 1 or 3 arguments */ 128 # define AP_INIT_TAKE13(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 129 { directive, { .take3=func }, mconfig, where, TAKE13, help } 130 /** method of declaring a directive which takes 2 or 3 arguments */ 131 # define AP_INIT_TAKE23(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 132 { directive, { .take3=func }, mconfig, where, TAKE23, help } 133 /** method of declaring a directive which takes 1 to 3 arguments */ 134 # define AP_INIT_TAKE123(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 135 { directive, { .take3=func }, mconfig, where, TAKE123, help } 136 /** method of declaring a directive which takes 3 arguments */ 137 # define AP_INIT_TAKE3(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 138 { directive, { .take3=func }, mconfig, where, TAKE3, help } 139 /** method of declaring a directive which takes a flag (on/off) as a argument*/ 140 # define AP_INIT_FLAG(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 141 { directive, { .flag=func }, mconfig, where, FLAG, help } 142 143 #else /* AP_HAVE_DESIGNATED_INITIALIZER */ 144 145 typedef const char *(*cmd_func) (); 146 147 # define AP_NO_ARGS func 148 # define AP_RAW_ARGS func 149 # define AP_TAKE1 func 150 # define AP_TAKE2 func 151 # define AP_TAKE3 func 152 # define AP_FLAG func 153 154 # define AP_INIT_NO_ARGS(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 155 { directive, func, mconfig, where, RAW_ARGS, help } 156 # define AP_INIT_RAW_ARGS(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 157 { directive, func, mconfig, where, RAW_ARGS, help } 158 # define AP_INIT_TAKE1(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 159 { directive, func, mconfig, where, TAKE1, help } 160 # define AP_INIT_ITERATE(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 161 { directive, func, mconfig, where, ITERATE, help } 162 # define AP_INIT_TAKE2(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 163 { directive, func, mconfig, where, TAKE2, help } 164 # define AP_INIT_TAKE12(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 165 { directive, func, mconfig, where, TAKE12, help } 166 # define AP_INIT_ITERATE2(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 167 { directive, func, mconfig, where, ITERATE2, help } 168 # define AP_INIT_TAKE13(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 169 { directive, func, mconfig, where, TAKE13, help } 170 # define AP_INIT_TAKE23(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 171 { directive, func, mconfig, where, TAKE23, help } 172 # define AP_INIT_TAKE123(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 173 { directive, func, mconfig, where, TAKE123, help } 174 # define AP_INIT_TAKE3(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 175 { directive, func, mconfig, where, TAKE3, help } 176 # define AP_INIT_FLAG(directive, func, mconfig, where, help) \ 177 { directive, func, mconfig, where, FLAG, help } 178 179 #endif /* AP_HAVE_DESIGNATED_INITIALIZER */ 180 181 /** 182 * The command record structure. Each modules can define a table of these 183 * to define the directives it will implement. 184 */ 185 typedef struct command_struct command_rec; 186 struct command_struct { 187 /** Name of this command */ 188 const char *name; 189 /** The function to be called when this directive is parsed */ 190 cmd_func func; 191 /** Extra data, for functions which implement multiple commands... */ 192 void *cmd_data; 193 /** What overrides need to be allowed to enable this command. */ 194 int req_override; 195 /** What the command expects as arguments 196 * @defvar cmd_how args_how*/ 197 enum cmd_how args_how; 198 199 /** usage message, in case of syntax errors */ 200 const char *errmsg; 201 }; 202 203 /** 204 * @defgroup ConfigDirectives Allowed locations for configuration directives. 205 * 206 * The allowed locations for a configuration directive are the union of 207 * those indicated by each set bit in the req_override mask. 208 * 209 * @{ 210 */ 211 #define OR_NONE 0 /** *.conf is not available anywhere in this override */ 212 #define OR_LIMIT 1 /** *.conf inside Directory or Location 213 and .htaccess when AllowOverride Limit */ 214 #define OR_OPTIONS 2 /** *.conf anywhere 215 and .htaccess when AllowOverride Options */ 216 #define OR_FILEINFO 4 /** *.conf anywhere 217 and .htaccess when AllowOverride FileInfo */ 218 #define OR_AUTHCFG 8 /** *.conf inside Directory or Location 219 and .htaccess when AllowOverride AuthConfig */ 220 #define OR_INDEXES 16 /** *.conf anywhere 221 and .htaccess when AllowOverride Indexes */ 222 #define OR_UNSET 32 /** unset a directive (in Allow) */ 223 #define ACCESS_CONF 64 /** *.conf inside Directory or Location */ 224 #define RSRC_CONF 128 /** *.conf outside Directory or Location */ 225 #define EXEC_ON_READ 256 /** force directive to execute a command 226 which would modify the configuration (like including another 227 file, or IFModule */ 228 /** this directive can be placed anywhere */ 229 #define OR_ALL (OR_LIMIT|OR_OPTIONS|OR_FILEINFO|OR_AUTHCFG|OR_INDEXES) 230 231 /** @} */ 232 233 /** 234 * This can be returned by a function if they don t wish to handle 235 * a command. Make it something not likely someone will actually use 236 * as an error code. 237 */ 238 #define DECLINE_CMD "\a\b" 239 240 /** Common structure for reading of config files / passwd files etc. */ 241 typedef struct ap_configfile_t ap_configfile_t; 242 struct ap_configfile_t { 243 int (*getch) (void *param); /** a getc()-like function */ 244 void *(*getstr) (void *buf, size_t bufsiz, void *param); 245 /** a fgets()-like function */ 246 int (*close) (void *param); /** a close handler function */ 247 void *param; /** the argument passed to getch/getstr/close */ 248 const char *name; /** the filename / description */ 249 unsigned line_number; /** current line number, starting at 1 */ 250 }; 251 252 /** 253 * This structure is passed to a command which is being invoked, 254 * to carry a large variety of miscellaneous data which is all of 255 * use to *somebody*... 256 */ 257 struct cmd_parms_struct { 258 /** Argument to command from cmd_table */ 259 void *info; 260 /** Which allow-override bits are set */ 261 int override; 262 /** Which methods are Limit ed */ 263 apr_int64_t limited; 264 /** methods which are limited */ 265 apr_array_header_t *limited_xmethods; 266 /** methods which are xlimited */ 267 ap_method_list_t *xlimited; 268 269 /** Config file structure. */ 270 ap_configfile_t *config_file; 271 /** the directive specifying this command */ 272 ap_directive_t *directive; 273 274 /** Pool to allocate new storage in */ 275 apr_pool_t *pool; 276 /** Pool for scratch memory; persists during configuration, but 277 * wiped before the first request is served... */ 278 apr_pool_t *temp_pool; 279 /** Server_rec being configured for */ 280 server_rec *server; 281 /** If configuring for a directory, pathname of that directory. 282 * NOPE! That s what it meant previous to the existance of Files , 283 * Location and regex matching. Now the only usefulness that can be 284 * derived from this field is whether a command is being called in a 285 * server context (path == NULL) or being called in a dir context 286 * (path != NULL). */ 287 char *path; 288 /** configuration command */ 289 const command_rec *cmd; 290 291 /** per_dir_config vector passed to handle_command */ 292 struct ap_conf_vector_t *context; 293 /** directive with syntax error */ 294 const ap_directive_t *err_directive; 295 }; 296 297 /** 298 * Module structures. Just about everything is dispatched through 299 * these, directly or indirectly (through the command and handler 300 * tables). 301 */ 302 typedef struct module_struct module; 303 struct module_struct { 304 /** API version, *not* module version; check that module is 305 * compatible with this version of the server. 306 */ 307 int version; 308 /** API minor version. Provides API feature milestones. Not checked 309 * during module init */ 310 int minor_version; 311 /** Index to this modules structures in config vectors. */ 312 int module_index; 313 314 /** The name of the module s C file */ 315 const char *name; 316 /** The handle for the DSO. Internal use only */ 317 void *dynamic_load_handle; 318 319 /** A pointer to the next module in the list 320 * @defvar module_struct *next */ 321 struct module_struct *next; 322 323 /** Magic Cookie to identify a module structure; It s mainly 324 * important for the DSO facility (see also mod_so). */ 325 unsigned long magic; 326 327 /** Function to allow MPMs to re-write command line arguments. This 328 * hook is only available to MPMs. 329 * @param The process that the server is running in. 330 */ 331 void (*rewrite_args) (process_rec *process); 332 /** Function to allow all modules to create per directory configuration 333 * structures. 334 * @param p The pool to use for all allocations. 335 * @param dir The directory currently being processed. 336 * @return The per-directory structure created 337 */ 338 void *(*create_dir_config) (apr_pool_t *p, char *dir); 339 /** Function to allow all modules to merge the per directory configuration 340 * structures for two directories. 341 * @param p The pool to use for all allocations. 342 * @param base_conf The directory structure created for the parent directory. 343 * @param new_conf The directory structure currently being processed. 344 * @return The new per-directory structure created 345 */ 346 void *(*merge_dir_config) (apr_pool_t *p, void *base_conf, void *new_conf); 347 /** Function to allow all modules to create per server configuration 348 * structures. 349 * @param p The pool to use for all allocations. 350 * @param s The server currently being processed. 351 * @return The per-server structure created 352 */ 353 void *(*create_server_config) (apr_pool_t *p, server_rec *s); 354 /** Function to allow all modules to merge the per server configuration 355 * structures for two servers. 356 * @param p The pool to use for all allocations. 357 * @param base_conf The directory structure created for the parent directory. 358 * @param new_conf The directory structure currently being processed. 359 * @return The new per-directory structure created 360 */ 361 void *(*merge_server_config) (apr_pool_t *p, void *base_conf, 362 void *new_conf); 363 364 /** A command_rec table that describes all of the directives this module 365 * defines. */ 366 const command_rec *cmds; 367 368 /** A hook to allow modules to hook other points in the request processing. 369 * In this function, modules should call the ap_hook_*() functions to 370 * register an interest in a specific step in processing the current 371 * request. 372 * @param p the pool to use for all allocations 373 */ 374 void (*register_hooks) (apr_pool_t *p); 375 }; 376 377 /** 378 * @defgroup ModuleInit Module structure initializers 379 * 380 * Initializer for the first few module slots, which are only 381 * really set up once we start running. Note that the first two slots 382 * provide a version check; this should allow us to deal with changes to 383 * the API. The major number should reflect changes to the API handler table 384 * itself or removal of functionality. The minor number should reflect 385 * additions of functionality to the existing API. (the server can detect 386 * an old-format module, and either handle it back-compatibly, or at least 387 * signal an error). See src/include/ap_mmn.h for MMN version history. 388 * @{ 389 */ 390 391 /** The one used in Apache 1.3, which will deliberately cause an error */ 392 #define STANDARD_MODULE_STUFF this_module_needs_to_be_ported_to_apache_2_0 393 394 /** Use this in all standard modules */ 395 #define STANDARD20_MODULE_STUFF MODULE_MAGIC_NUMBER_MAJOR, \ 396 MODULE_MAGIC_NUMBER_MINOR, \ 397 -1, \ 398 __FILE__, \ 399 NULL, \ 400 NULL, \ 401 MODULE_MAGIC_COOKIE, \ 402 NULL /* rewrite args spot */ 403 404 /** Use this only in MPMs */ 405 #define MPM20_MODULE_STUFF MODULE_MAGIC_NUMBER_MAJOR, \ 406 MODULE_MAGIC_NUMBER_MINOR, \ 407 -1, \ 408 __FILE__, \ 409 NULL, \ 410 NULL, \ 411 MODULE_MAGIC_COOKIE 412 413 /** @} */ 414 415 /* CONFIGURATION VECTOR FUNCTIONS */ 416 417 /** configuration vector structure */ 418 typedef struct ap_conf_vector_t ap_conf_vector_t; 419 420 /** 421 * Generic accessors for other modules to get at their own module-specific 422 * data 423 * @param conf_vector The vector in which the modules configuration is stored. 424 * usually r- per_dir_config or s- module_config 425 * @param m The module to get the data for. 426 * @return The module-specific data 427 */ 428 AP_DECLARE(void *) ap_get_module_config(const ap_conf_vector_t *cv, 429 const module *m); 430 431 /** 432 * Generic accessors for other modules to set at their own module-specific 433 * data 434 * @param conf_vector The vector in which the modules configuration is stored. 435 * usually r- per_dir_config or s- module_config 436 * @param m The module to set the data for. 437 * @param val The module-specific data to set 438 */ 439 AP_DECLARE(void) ap_set_module_config(ap_conf_vector_t *cv, const module *m, 440 void *val); 441 442 #if !defined(AP_DEBUG) 443 444 #define ap_get_module_config(v,m) \ 445 (((void **)(v))[(m)- module_index]) 446 #define ap_set_module_config(v,m,val) \ 447 ((((void **)(v))[(m)- module_index]) = (val)) 448 449 #endif /* AP_DEBUG */ 450 451 452 /** 453 * Generic command handling function for strings 454 * @param cmd The command parameters for this directive 455 * @param struct_ptr pointer into a given type 456 * @param arg The argument to the directive 457 * @return An error string or NULL on success 458 */ 459 AP_DECLARE_NONSTD(const char *) ap_set_string_slot(cmd_parms *cmd, 460 void *struct_ptr, 461 const char *arg); 462 463 /** 464 * Generic command handling function for integers 465 * @param cmd The command parameters for this directive 466 * @param struct_ptr pointer into a given type 467 * @param arg The argument to the directive 468 * @return An error string or NULL on success 469 */ 470 AP_DECLARE_NONSTD(const char *) ap_set_int_slot(cmd_parms *cmd, 471 void *struct_ptr, 472 const char *arg); 473 474 /** 475 * Return true if the specified method is limited by being listed in 476 * a Limit container, or by *not* being listed in a LimiteExcept 477 * container. 478 * 479 * @param method Pointer to a string specifying the method to check. 480 * @param cmd Pointer to the cmd_parms structure passed to the 481 * directive handler. 482 * @return 0 if the method is not limited in the current scope 483 */ 484 AP_DECLARE(int) ap_method_is_limited(cmd_parms *cmd, const char *method); 485 486 /** 487 * Generic command handling function for strings, always sets the value 488 * to a lowercase string 489 * @param cmd The command parameters for this directive 490 * @param struct_ptr pointer into a given type 491 * @param arg The argument to the directive 492 * @return An error string or NULL on success 493 */ 494 AP_DECLARE_NONSTD(const char *) ap_set_string_slot_lower(cmd_parms *cmd, 495 void *struct_ptr, 496 const char *arg); 497 /** 498 * Generic command handling function for flags 499 * @param cmd The command parameters for this directive 500 * @param struct_ptr pointer into a given type 501 * @param arg The argument to the directive (either 1 or 0) 502 * @return An error string or NULL on success 503 */ 504 AP_DECLARE_NONSTD(const char *) ap_set_flag_slot(cmd_parms *cmd, 505 void *struct_ptr, 506 int arg); 507 /** 508 * Generic command handling function for files 509 * @param cmd The command parameters for this directive 510 * @param struct_ptr pointer into a given type 511 * @param arg The argument to the directive 512 * @return An error string or NULL on success 513 */ 514 AP_DECLARE_NONSTD(const char *) ap_set_file_slot(cmd_parms *cmd, 515 void *struct_ptr, 516 const char *arg); 517 /** 518 * Generic command handling function to respond with cmd- help as an error 519 * @param cmd The command parameters for this directive 520 * @param struct_ptr pointer into a given type 521 * @param arg The argument to the directive 522 * @return The cmd- help value as the error string 523 * @tip This allows simple declarations such as; 524 * pre 525 * AP_INIT_RAW_ARGS("Foo", ap_set_deprecated, NULL, OR_ALL, 526 * "The Foo directive is no longer supported, use Bar"), 527 * /pre 528 */ 529 AP_DECLARE_NONSTD(const char *) ap_set_deprecated(cmd_parms *cmd, 530 void *struct_ptr, 531 const char *arg); 532 /** 533 * For modules which need to read config files, open logs, etc. this returns 534 * the canonical form of fname made absolute to ap_server_root. 535 * @param p pool to allocate data from 536 * @param fname The file name 537 */ 538 AP_DECLARE(char *) ap_server_root_relative(apr_pool_t *p, const char *fname); 539 540 /* Finally, the hook for dynamically loading modules in... */ 541 542 /** 543 * Add a module to the server 544 * @param m The module structure of the module to add 545 * @param p The pool of the same lifetime as the module 546 */ 547 AP_DECLARE(void) ap_add_module(module *m, apr_pool_t *p); 548 549 /** 550 * Remove a module from the server. There are some caveats 551 * when the module is removed, its slot is lost so all the current 552 * per-dir and per-server configurations are invalid. So we should 553 * only ever call this function when you are invalidating almost 554 * all our current data. I.e. when doing a restart. 555 * @param m the module structure of the module to remove 556 */ 557 AP_DECLARE(void) ap_remove_module(module *m); 558 /** 559 * Add a module to the chained modules list and the list of loaded modules 560 * @param m The module structure of the module to add 561 * @param p The pool with the same lifetime as the module 562 */ 563 AP_DECLARE(void) ap_add_loaded_module(module *mod, apr_pool_t *p); 564 /** 565 * Remove a module fromthe chained modules list and the list of loaded modules 566 * @param m the module structure of the module to remove 567 */ 568 AP_DECLARE(void) ap_remove_loaded_module(module *mod); 569 /** 570 * Add a module to the list of loaded module based on the name of the 571 * module 572 * @param name The name of the module 573 * @param p The pool valid for the lifetime of the module 574 * @return 1 on success, 0 on failure 575 */ 576 AP_DECLARE(int) ap_add_named_module(const char *name, apr_pool_t *p); 577 /** 578 * Find the name of the specified module 579 * @param m The module to get the name for 580 * @return the name of the module 581 */ 582 AP_DECLARE(const char *) ap_find_module_name(module *m); 583 /** 584 * Find a module based on the name of the module 585 * @param name the name of the module 586 * @return the module structure if found, NULL otherwise 587 */ 588 AP_DECLARE(module *) ap_find_linked_module(const char *name); 589 590 /** 591 * Open a ap_configfile_t as apr_file_t 592 * @param ret_cfg open ap_configfile_t struct pointer 593 * @param p The pool to allocate the structure from 594 * @param name the name of the file to open 595 */ 596 AP_DECLARE(apr_status_t) ap_pcfg_openfile(ap_configfile_t **ret_cfg, 597 apr_pool_t *p, const char *name); 598 599 /** 600 * Allocate a ap_configfile_t handle with user defined functions and params 601 * @param p The pool to allocate from 602 * @param descr The name of the file 603 * @param param The argument passed to getch/getstr/close 604 * @param getc_func The getch function 605 * @param gets_func The getstr function 606 * @param close_func The close function 607 */ 608 AP_DECLARE(ap_configfile_t *) ap_pcfg_open_custom(apr_pool_t *p, 609 const char *descr, 610 void *param, 611 int(*getc_func)(void*), 612 void *(*gets_func) (void *buf, size_t bufsiz, void *param), 613 int(*close_func)(void *param)); 614 615 /** 616 * Read one line from open ap_configfile_t, strip LF, increase line number 617 * @param buf place to store the line read 618 * @param bufsize size of the buffer 619 * @param cfp File to read from 620 * @return 1 on success, 0 on failure 621 */ 622 AP_DECLARE(int) ap_cfg_getline(char *buf, size_t bufsize, ap_configfile_t *cfp); 623 624 /** 625 * Read one char from open configfile_t, increase line number upon LF 626 * @param cfp The file to read from 627 * @return the character read 628 */ 629 AP_DECLARE(int) ap_cfg_getc(ap_configfile_t *cfp); 630 631 /** 632 * Detach from open ap_configfile_t, calling the close handler 633 * @param cfp The file to close 634 * @return 1 on sucess, 0 on failure 635 */ 636 AP_DECLARE(int) ap_cfg_closefile(ap_configfile_t *cfp); 637 638 /** 639 * Read all data between the current foo and the matching /foo . All 640 * of this data is forgotten immediately. 641 * @param cmd The cmd_parms to pass to the directives inside the container 642 * @param directive The directive name to read until 643 * @return Error string on failure, NULL on success 644 */ 645 AP_DECLARE(const char *) ap_soak_end_container(cmd_parms *cmd, char *directive); 646 647 /** 648 * Read all data between the current foo and the matching /foo and build 649 * a config tree from it 650 * @param p pool to allocate from 651 * @param temp_pool Temporary pool to allocate from 652 * @param parms The cmd_parms to pass to all directives read 653 * @param current The current node in the tree 654 * @param curr_parent The current parent node 655 * @param orig_directive The directive to read until hit. 656 * @return Error string on failure, NULL on success 657 */ 658 AP_DECLARE(const char *) ap_build_cont_config(apr_pool_t *p, 659 apr_pool_t *temp_pool, 660 cmd_parms *parms, 661 ap_directive_t **current, 662 ap_directive_t **curr_parent, 663 char *orig_directive); 664 665 /** 666 * Build a config tree from a config file 667 * @param parms The cmd_parms to pass to all of the directives in the file 668 * @param conf_pool The pconf pool 669 * @param temp_pool The temporary pool 670 * @param conftree Place to store the root node of the config tree 671 * @return Error string on erro, NULL otherwise 672 */ 673 AP_DECLARE(const char *) ap_build_config(cmd_parms *parms, 674 apr_pool_t *conf_pool, 675 apr_pool_t *temp_pool, 676 ap_directive_t **conftree); 677 678 /** 679 * Walk a config tree and setup the server s internal structures 680 * @param conftree The config tree to walk 681 * @param parms The cmd_parms to pass to all functions 682 * @param section_vector The per-section config vector. 683 * @return Error string on error, NULL otherwise 684 */ 685 AP_DECLARE(const char *) ap_walk_config(ap_directive_t *conftree, 686 cmd_parms *parms, 687 ap_conf_vector_t *section_vector); 688 689 /** 690 * @defgroup ap_check_cmd_context ap_check_cmd_context 691 * @{ 692 */ 693 /** 694 * Check the context a command is used in. 695 * @param cmd The command to check 696 * @param forbidden Where the command is forbidden. 697 * @return Error string on error, NULL on success 698 */ 699 AP_DECLARE(const char *) ap_check_cmd_context(cmd_parms *cmd, 700 unsigned forbidden); 701 702 #define NOT_IN_VIRTUALHOST 0x01 /** Forbidden in Virtualhost */ 703 #define NOT_IN_LIMIT 0x02 /** Forbidden in Limit */ 704 #define NOT_IN_DIRECTORY 0x04 /** Forbidden in Directory */ 705 #define NOT_IN_LOCATION 0x08 /** Forbidden in Location */ 706 #define NOT_IN_FILES 0x10 /** Forbidden in Files */ 707 /** Forbidden in Directory / Location / Files */ 708 #define NOT_IN_DIR_LOC_FILE (NOT_IN_DIRECTORY|NOT_IN_LOCATION|NOT_IN_FILES) 709 /** Forbidden in VirtualHost / Limit / Directory / Location / Files */ 710 #define GLOBAL_ONLY (NOT_IN_VIRTUALHOST|NOT_IN_LIMIT|NOT_IN_DIR_LOC_FILE) 711 712 /** @} */ 713 714 #ifdef CORE_PRIVATE 715 716 /** 717 * The topmost module in the list 718 * @defvar module *ap_top_module 719 */ 720 AP_DECLARE_DATA extern module *ap_top_module; 721 722 /** 723 * Array of all statically linked modules 724 * @defvar module *ap_prelinked_modules[] 725 */ 726 AP_DECLARE_DATA extern module *ap_prelinked_modules[]; 727 /** 728 * Array of all preloaded modules 729 * @defvar module *ap_preloaded_modules[] 730 */ 731 AP_DECLARE_DATA extern module *ap_preloaded_modules[]; 732 /** 733 * Array of all loaded modules 734 * @defvar module **ap_loaded_modules 735 */ 736 AP_DECLARE_DATA extern module **ap_loaded_modules; 737 738 /* For mod_so.c... */ 739 /** Run a single module s two create_config hooks 740 * @param p the pool to allocate from 741 * @param s The server to configure for. 742 * @param m The module to configure 743 */ 744 AP_DECLARE(void) ap_single_module_configure(apr_pool_t *p, server_rec *s, 745 module *m); 746 747 /* For http_main.c... */ 748 /** 749 * Add all of the prelinked modules into the loaded module list 750 * @param process The process that is currently running the server 751 */ 752 AP_DECLARE(void) ap_setup_prelinked_modules(process_rec *process); 753 754 /** 755 * Show the preloaded configuration directives, the help string explaining 756 * the directive arguments, in what module they are handled, and in 757 * what parts of the configuration they are allowed. Used for httpd -h. 758 */ 759 AP_DECLARE(void) ap_show_directives(void); 760 761 /** 762 * Show the preloaded module names. Used for httpd -l. 763 */ 764 AP_DECLARE(void) ap_show_modules(void); 765 766 /** 767 * Show the MPM name. Used in reporting modules such as mod_info to 768 * provide extra information to the user 769 */ 770 AP_DECLARE(const char *) ap_show_mpm(void); 771 772 /** 773 * Read all config files and setup the server 774 * @param process The process running the server 775 * @param temp_pool A pool to allocate temporary data from. 776 * @param config_name The name of the config file 777 * @param conftree Place to store the root of the config tree 778 * @return The setup server_rec list. 779 */ 780 AP_DECLARE(server_rec *) ap_read_config(process_rec *process, 781 apr_pool_t *temp_pool, 782 const char *config_name, 783 ap_directive_t **conftree); 784 785 /** 786 * Run all rewrite args hooks for loaded modules 787 * @param process The process currently running the server 788 */ 789 AP_DECLARE(void) ap_run_rewrite_args(process_rec *process); 790 791 /** 792 * Run the register hooks function for a specified module 793 * @param m The module to run the register hooks function fo 794 * @param p The pool valid for the lifetime of the module 795 */ 796 AP_DECLARE(void) ap_register_hooks(module *m, apr_pool_t *p); 797 798 /** 799 * Setup all virtual hosts 800 * @param p The pool to allocate from 801 * @param main_server The head of the server_rec list 802 */ 803 AP_DECLARE(void) ap_fixup_virtual_hosts(apr_pool_t *p, 804 server_rec *main_server); 805 806 /* For http_request.c... */ 807 808 /** 809 * Setup the config vector for a request_rec 810 * @param p The pool to allocate the config vector from 811 * @return The config vector 812 */ 813 AP_CORE_DECLARE(ap_conf_vector_t*) ap_create_request_config(apr_pool_t *p); 814 815 /** 816 * Setup the config vector for per dir module configs 817 * @param p The pool to allocate the config vector from 818 * @return The config vector 819 */ 820 AP_CORE_DECLARE(ap_conf_vector_t *) ap_create_per_dir_config(apr_pool_t *p); 821 822 /** 823 * Run all of the modules merge per dir config functions 824 * @param p The pool to pass to the merge functions 825 * @param base The base directory config structure 826 * @param new_conf The new directory config structure 827 */ 828 AP_CORE_DECLARE(ap_conf_vector_t*) ap_merge_per_dir_configs(apr_pool_t *p, 829 ap_conf_vector_t *base, 830 ap_conf_vector_t *new_conf); 831 832 /* For http_connection.c... */ 833 /** 834 * Setup the config vector for a connection_rec 835 * @param p The pool to allocate the config vector from 836 * @return The config vector 837 */ 838 AP_CORE_DECLARE(ap_conf_vector_t*) ap_create_conn_config(apr_pool_t *p); 839 840 /* For http_core.c... ( Directory command and virtual hosts) */ 841 842 /** 843 * parse an htaccess file 844 * @param resulting htaccess_result 845 * @param r The request currently being served 846 * @param override Which overrides are active 847 * @param path The path to the htaccess file 848 * @param access_name The list of possible names for .htaccess files 849 * int The status of the current request 850 */ 851 AP_CORE_DECLARE(int) ap_parse_htaccess(ap_conf_vector_t **result, 852 request_rec *r, int override, 853 const char *path, 854 const char *access_name); 855 856 /** 857 * Setup a virtual host 858 * @param p The pool to allocate all memory from 859 * @param hostname The hostname of the virtual hsot 860 * @param main_server The main server for this Apache configuration 861 * @param ps Place to store the new server_rec 862 * return Error string on error, NULL on success 863 */ 864 AP_CORE_DECLARE(const char *) ap_init_virtual_host(apr_pool_t *p, 865 const char *hostname, 866 server_rec *main_server, 867 server_rec **); 868 869 /** 870 * Process the config file for Apache 871 * @param s The server rec to use for the command parms 872 * @param fname The name of the config file 873 * @param conftree The root node of the created config tree 874 * @param p Pool for general allocation 875 * @param ptem Pool for temporary allocation 876 */ 877 AP_DECLARE(void) ap_process_resource_config(server_rec *s, const char *fname, 878 ap_directive_t **conftree, 879 apr_pool_t *p, apr_pool_t *ptemp); 880 881 /** 882 * Process all directives in the config tree 883 * @param s The server rec to use in the command parms 884 * @param conftree The config tree to process 885 * @param p The pool for general allocation 886 * @param ptemp The pool for temporary allocations 887 */ 888 AP_DECLARE(void) ap_process_config_tree(server_rec *s, ap_directive_t *conftree, 889 apr_pool_t *p, apr_pool_t *ptemp); 890 891 /* Module-method dispatchers, also for http_request.c */ 892 /** 893 * Run the handler phase of each module until a module accepts the 894 * responsibility of serving the request 895 * @param r The current request 896 * @return The status of the current request 897 */ 898 AP_CORE_DECLARE(int) ap_invoke_handler(request_rec *r); 899 900 /* for mod_perl */ 901 902 /** 903 * Find a given directive in a command_rec table 904 * @param name The directive to search for 905 * @param cmds The table to search 906 * @return The directive definition of the specified directive 907 */ 908 AP_CORE_DECLARE(const command_rec *) ap_find_command(const char *name, 909 const command_rec *cmds); 910 911 /** 912 * Find a given directive in a list module 913 * @param cmd_name The directive to search for 914 * @param mod The module list to search 915 * @return The directive definition of the specified directive 916 */ 917 AP_CORE_DECLARE(const command_rec *) ap_find_command_in_modules(const char *cmd_name, 918 module **mod); 919 920 /** 921 * Ask a module to create per-server and per-section (dir/loc/file) configs 922 * (if it hasn t happened already). The results are stored in the server s 923 * config, and the specified per-section config vector. 924 * @param server The server to operate upon. 925 * @param section_vector The per-section config vector. 926 * @param section Which section to create a config for. 927 * @param mod The module which is defining the config data. 928 * @param pconf A pool for all configuration allocations. 929 * @return The (new) per-section config data. 930 */ 931 AP_CORE_DECLARE(void *) ap_set_config_vectors(server_rec *server, 932 ap_conf_vector_t *section_vector, 933 const char *section, 934 module *mod, apr_pool_t *pconf); 935 936 #endif 937 938 /* Hooks */ 939 940 /** 941 * Run the header parser functions for each module 942 * @param r The current request 943 * @return OK or DECLINED 944 */ 945 AP_DECLARE_HOOK(int,header_parser,(request_rec *r)) 946 947 /** 948 * Run the pre_config function for each module 949 * @param pconf The config pool 950 * @param plog The logging streams pool 951 * @param ptemp The temporary pool 952 * @return OK or DECLINED on success anything else is a error 953 */ 954 AP_DECLARE_HOOK(int,pre_config,(apr_pool_t *pconf,apr_pool_t *plog, 955 apr_pool_t *ptemp)) 956 957 958 /** 959 * Run the post_config function for each module 960 * @param pconf The config pool 961 * @param plog The logging streams pool 962 * @param ptemp The temporary pool 963 * @param s The list of server_recs 964 * @return OK or DECLINED on success anything else is a error 965 */ 966 AP_DECLARE_HOOK(int,post_config,(apr_pool_t *pconf,apr_pool_t *plog, 967 apr_pool_t *ptemp,server_rec *s)) 968 969 /** 970 * Run the open_logs functions for each module 971 * @param pconf The config pool 972 * @param plog The logging streams pool 973 * @param ptemp The temporary pool 974 * @param s The list of server_recs 975 * @return OK or DECLINED on success anything else is a error 976 */ 977 AP_DECLARE_HOOK(int,open_logs,(apr_pool_t *pconf,apr_pool_t *plog, 978 apr_pool_t *ptemp,server_rec *s)) 979 980 /** 981 * Run the child_init functions for each module 982 * @param pchild The child pool 983 * @param s The list of server_recs in this server 984 */ 985 AP_DECLARE_HOOK(void,child_init,(apr_pool_t *pchild, server_rec *s)) 986 987 /** 988 * Run the handler functions for each module 989 * @param r The request_rec 990 * @remark non-wildcard handlers should HOOK_MIDDLE, wildcard HOOK_LAST 991 */ 992 AP_DECLARE_HOOK(int,handler,(request_rec *r)) 993 994 /** 995 * Run the quick handler functions for each module. The quick_handler 996 * is run before any other requests hooks are called (location_walk, 997 * directory_walk, access checking, et. al.). This hook was added 998 * to provide a quick way to serve content from a URI keyed cache. 999 * 1000 * @param r The request_rec 1001 * @param lookup_uri Controls whether the caller actually wants content or not. 1002 * lookup is set when the quick_handler is called out of 1003 * ap_sub_req_lookup_uri() 1004 */ 1005 AP_DECLARE_HOOK(int,quick_handler,(request_rec *r, int lookup_uri)) 1006 1007 /** 1008 * Retrieve the optional functions for each module. 1009 * This is run immediately before the server starts. Optional functions should 1010 * be registered during the hook registration phase. 1011 */ 1012 AP_DECLARE_HOOK(void,optional_fn_retrieve,(void)) 1013 1014 #ifdef __cplusplus 1015 } 1016 #endif 1017 1018 #endif /* !APACHE_HTTP_CONFIG_H */
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Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Children sBooks-Science,Nature&HowItWorks-Math? Uganda Primary Mathematics (Macmillan Primary Mathematics for Uganda) Macmillan Education Ltd? L.O. Okello? MacmillanEducationLtd? L.O.Okello? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Children sBooks-Science,Nature&HowItWorks-Math? Pri Maths 6 Pb Uganda Macmillan Education Ltd? Okello L? MacmillanEducationLtd? OkelloL? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Children sBooks-Science,Nature&HowItWorks-Math? Uganda Primary Mathematics (Macmillan Primary Mathematics for Uganda) Macmillan Education Ltd? L.O. Okello? MacmillanEducationLtd? L.O.Okello? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Children sBooks-Science,Nature&HowItWorks-Math? Pri Maths Course 1 TB Uganda Macmillan Education Ltd? Okello L O? MacmillanEducationLtd? OkelloLO? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Children sBooks-Science,Nature&HowItWorks-Math? Pri Maths Course 2 TB Uganda Macmillan Education Ltd? Okello L O? MacmillanEducationLtd? OkelloLO? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Children sBooks-Science,Nature&HowItWorks-Math? Uganda Primary Mathematics (Macmillan Primary Mathematics for Uganda) Macmillan Education Ltd? L.O. Okello? MacmillanEducationLtd? L.O.Okello? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Children sBooks-Science,Nature&HowItWorks-Math? Uganda Primary Mathematics (Macmillan Primary Mathematics for Uganda) Macmillan Education Ltd? L.O. Okello? MacmillanEducationLtd? L.O.Okello? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Children sBooks-Science,Nature&HowItWorks-Math? Uganda Primary Mathematics (Macmillan Primary Mathematics for Uganda) Macmillan Education Ltd? L.O. Okello? MacmillanEducationLtd? L.O.Okello? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Children sBooks-Science,Nature&HowItWorks-Math? Uganda Primary Mathematics (Macmillan Primary Mathematics for Uganda) Macmillan Education Ltd? L.O. Okello? MacmillanEducationLtd? L.O.Okello? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Children sBooks-Science,Nature&HowItWorks-Math? Unionism in Modern Ireland New Perspectives on Politics and Culture Macmillan Pub Co? Richard English? Graham S. Walker? MacmillanPubCo? RichardEnglish? GrahamS.Walker? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-History-Europe-England? Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-PoliticalScience-SystemsOfGovernment-General? The Failure of British Fascism Palgrave Macmillan? Michael Cronin? PalgraveMacmillan? MichaelCronin? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-PoliticalScience-PoliticalDoctrines-Fascism? Comprehension Checkpoints Macmillan ELT? Jack Norman? Mark Fletcher? Wendy Elks? MacmillanELT? JackNorman? MarkFletcher? WendyElks? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Nonfiction-Education-LanguageInstruction-Instruction-EnglishasaForeignLanguage-General? Subjects-Reference-ForeignLanguages-Instruction-EnglishasaForeignLanguage-General? Comprehension Checkpoints Macmillan ELT? J. Norman? M. Fletcher? MacmillanELT? J.Norman? M.Fletcher? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Nonfiction-Education-Reference-Words&Language-General? Subjects-Reference-Words&Language-General? Madam, This Is Annie (Macmillan Modern Writers) Macmillan Education Ltd? Dianne Case? MacmillanEducationLtd? DianneCase? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Literature&Fiction-General-Contemporary? Bitter Consequences (Pacesetters) Macmillan Education Ltd? Osman Conteh? MacmillanEducationLtd? OsmanConteh? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Children sBooks-Literature? Subjects-Literature&Fiction? Peace at Last Macmillan Children s Books? Jill Murphy? MacmillanChildren sBooks? JillMurphy? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Children sBooks-Baby-3? Subjects-Children sBooks-Animals? Britain's Economic Problem Revisited Palgrave Macmillan? Robert Bacon? W.A. Eltis? PalgraveMacmillan? RobertBacon? W.A.Eltis? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Business&Investing-Economics-Macroeconomics? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-Macroeconomics? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-Macroeconomics? Growing Up Girl Palgrave Macmillan? Valerie Walkerdine? Helen Lucey? June Melody? PalgraveMacmillan? ValerieWalkerdine? HelenLucey? JuneMelody? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Business&Investing-BusinessLife-Workplace? Subjects-Health,Mind&Body-Psychology&Counseling-Personality? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-GenderStudies-Women? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-Sociology-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-Education-EducationTheory-EducationalPsychology? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Education-Theory-EducationalPsychology? Before the Fact (Pan Classic Crime) Pan Books? Francis Iles? Colin Dexter? PanBooks? FrancisIles? ColinDexter? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Mystery&Thrillers-Authors,A-Z-(D)-Dexter,Colin? Engineering Mathematics Programmes and Problems Macmillan P? K.A. Stroud? MacmillanP? K.A.Stroud? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Wish I Was Here Picador? Jackie Kay? Picador? JackieKay? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Literature&Fiction-Authors,A-Z-(K)-Kay,Jackie? Subjects-Literature&Fiction-General-Contemporary? Bachelor Kisses Pan Books? Nick Earls? PanBooks? NickEarls? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Literature&Fiction-General-Contemporary? Frames Picador? John Banville? Picador? JohnBanville? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Literature&Fiction-Authors,A-Z-(B)-Banville,John? Subjects-Literature&Fiction-General-Contemporary? Subjects-Literature&Fiction-GenreFiction-Anthologies? Subjects-Literature&Fiction-WorldLiterature-Irish? Family Fictions Palgrave Macmillan? Janet Thumim? Sarah Harwood? Jo Campling? PalgraveMacmillan? JanetThumim? SarahHarwood? JoCampling? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Entertainment-Movies-History&Criticism? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-Sociology? The Abuses of Punishment Palgrave Macmillan? Robert Adams? PalgraveMacmillan? RobertAdams? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Nonfiction-Crime&Criminals-Penology? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 洋書
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Inequality Around the World (International Economic Association) Palgrave Macmillan? Richard B. Freeman? PalgraveMacmillan? RichardB.Freeman? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Business&Investing-Biographies&Primers-PopularEconomics? Subjects-Business&Investing-Economics-Development&Growth? Subjects-Business&Investing-Economics-International? Subjects-Business&Investing-Finance-Finance&Investing? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-Development&Growth? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-International? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-International-Economics? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Finance-General? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Finance-Finance&Investing? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-Development&Growth? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-General? The General Theory of Profit Equilibrium Palgrave Macmillan? Connell M. Fanning? David Mahony? PalgraveMacmillan? ConnellM.Fanning? DavidMahony? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Business&Investing-Biographies&Primers-BusinessHistory? Subjects-Business&Investing-Economics-Theory? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-EconomicHistory? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-Theory? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-EconomicHistory? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-Theory? Clap Andy, Rose and Friends (Grade K) (Clap) Macmillan Caribbean? St Lucia Ministry of Education? MacmillanCaribbean? StLuciaMinistryofEducation? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Nonfiction-Education-LanguageInstruction-Instruction-EnglishasaForeignLanguage-Reading? Subjects-Reference-ForeignLanguages-Instruction-EnglishasaForeignLanguage-Reading? Clap the Greens Move (Grade Two) (Clap) Macmillan Caribbean? St Lucia Ministry of Education? MacmillanCaribbean? StLuciaMinistryofEducation? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Nonfiction-Education-LanguageInstruction-Instruction-EnglishasaForeignLanguage-Reading? Subjects-Reference-ForeignLanguages-Instruction-EnglishasaForeignLanguage-Reading? Clap Reading and Writing Everyday (Grade Four) (Clap) Macmillan Caribbean? St Lucia Ministry of Education? MacmillanCaribbean? StLuciaMinistryofEducation? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Nonfiction-Education-LanguageInstruction-Instruction-EnglishasaForeignLanguage-Reading? Subjects-Reference-ForeignLanguages-Instruction-EnglishasaForeignLanguage-Reading? Clap Reading and Writing Everyday (Grade Six) (Clap) Macmillan Caribbean? St Lucia Ministry of Education? MacmillanCaribbean? StLuciaMinistryofEducation? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Nonfiction-Education-LanguageInstruction-Instruction-EnglishasaForeignLanguage-Reading? Subjects-Reference-ForeignLanguages-Instruction-EnglishasaForeignLanguage-Reading? Chunky Farm (Chunky Farm) Macmillan Children s Books? Emily Bolam? MacmillanChildren sBooks? EmilyBolam? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Children sBooks-Baby-3-BasicConcepts-Counting? Subjects-Children sBooks-Baby-3-BoardBooks? Subjects-Children sBooks-Sports&Activities-ActivityBooks-Cut&Assemble? Chunky Farm (Chunky Farm) Macmillan Children s Books? Emily Bolam? MacmillanChildren sBooks? EmilyBolam? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Children sBooks-Baby-3-BasicConcepts-Counting? Subjects-Children sBooks-Baby-3-BoardBooks? Subjects-Children sBooks-Sports&Activities-ActivityBooks-Cut&Assemble? Chunky Farm (Chunky Farm) Macmillan Children s Books? Emily Bolam? MacmillanChildren sBooks? EmilyBolam? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Children sBooks-Baby-3-BasicConcepts-Counting? Subjects-Children sBooks-Baby-3-BoardBooks? Subjects-Children sBooks-Sports&Activities-ActivityBooks-Cut&Assemble? Universal Human Rights Palgrave Macmillan? Robert G. Patman? PalgraveMacmillan? RobertG.Patman? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Law-ConstitutionalLaw-HumanRights? Subjects-Nonfiction-Law-ConstitutionalLaw-HumanRights? Busy Bee English (Busy Bee English) Macmillan ELT? Julie Kniveton? Angela Llanas? Libby Williams? MacmillanELT? JulieKniveton? AngelaLlanas? LibbyWilliams? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Children sBooks-Reference&Nonfiction-LanguageArts-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-Education-LanguageInstruction-Instruction-EnglishasaForeignLanguage-EnglishLanguageTeaching-General? Subjects-Reference-ForeignLanguages-Instruction-EnglishasaForeignLanguage-EnglishLanguageTeaching-General? Reward Macmillan Education Ltd? Simon Greenall? MacmillanEducationLtd? SimonGreenall? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Nonfiction-Education-LanguageInstruction-Instruction-EnglishasaForeignLanguage-EnglishLanguageTeaching-General? Subjects-Reference-ForeignLanguages-Instruction-EnglishasaForeignLanguage-EnglishLanguageTeaching-General? Re-examining Sovereignty Palgrave Macmillan? Hideaki Shinoda? PalgraveMacmillan? HideakiShinoda? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-Ideologies? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-PoliticalScience-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-Government-Constitutions? Social Policy for Social Work Palgrave Macmillan? Robert Adams? PalgraveMacmillan? RobertAdams? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-SocialWork? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-PoliticalScience-LevelsofGovernment-FederalGovernment? Subjects-Nonfiction-CurrentEvents-Poverty-SocialServices&Welfare? Regionalism Among Developing Countries Palgrave Macmillan? Sheila Page? PalgraveMacmillan? SheilaPage? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Business&Investing-Economics-Development&Growth? Subjects-Business&Investing-Economics-International? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-Development&Growth? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-International? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-International-Economics? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-Development&Growth? British Television Drama Palgrave Macmillan? Jonathan Bignell? Stephen Lacey? Madeleine MacMurraugh-Kavanagh? PalgraveMacmillan? JonathanBignell? StephenLacey? MadeleineMacMurraugh-Kavanagh? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Entertainment-Television-General? Subjects-Literature&Fiction-Drama? British Television Drama Palgrave Macmillan? Jonathan Bignell? Stephen Lacey? Madeleine MacMurraugh-Kavanagh? PalgraveMacmillan? JonathanBignell? StephenLacey? MadeleineMacMurraugh-Kavanagh? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Entertainment-Television-General? Subjects-Literature&Fiction-Drama? What Constitutes a Good Society? Palgrave Macmillan? Bent Greve? PalgraveMacmillan? BentGreve? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-Sociology-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-Sociology-SocialTheory? Ibsen's Drama Palgrave Macmillan? Theoharis Constantine Theoharis? PalgraveMacmillan? TheoharisConstantineTheoharis? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-History-HistoricalStudy-HistoryofIdeas? Subjects-Literature&Fiction-Drama-General? Art, Culture and the Semiotics of Meaning (Semaphores Signs) Palgrave Macmillan? Jackson G. Barry? PalgraveMacmillan? JacksonG.Barry? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Arts&Photography-Art-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-Sociology-Culture? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-Linguistics-Applied? Subjects-Reference-Words&Language-Linguistics? Ideology (Transitions (Palgrave Macmillan (Firm)).) Palgrave Macmillan? James M. Decker? PalgraveMacmillan? JamesM.Decker? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Literature&Fiction-Classics-UnitedStates-General? Subjects-Literature&Fiction-History&Criticism-Criticism&Theory-General? Subjects-Literature&Fiction-History&Criticism-Criticism&Theory-Semiotics? Subjects-Nonfiction-Philosophy? Ideology (Transitions (Palgrave Macmillan (Firm)).) Palgrave Macmillan? James M. Decker? PalgraveMacmillan? JamesM.Decker? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Literature&Fiction-Classics-UnitedStates-General? Subjects-Literature&Fiction-History&Criticism-Criticism&Theory-General? Subjects-Literature&Fiction-History&Criticism-Criticism&Theory-Semiotics? Subjects-Nonfiction-Philosophy? Effective Communication for Science and Technology (Study Guides) Palgrave Macmillan? Joan Van Emden? PalgraveMacmillan? JoanVanEmden? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Business&Investing-BusinessLife-Communication-General? Subjects-Business&Investing-Careers? Subjects-Nonfiction-Education-StudySkills? Subjects-Reference-Careers? Subjects-Science-Technology-General&Reference Globalization and Its Discontents Palgrave Macmillan? Stephen McBride? John Wiseman? PalgraveMacmillan? StephenMcBride? JohnWiseman? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Business&Investing-Biographies&Primers-PopularEconomics? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-PoliticalScience-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-General? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-General? Language Mastery for the Caribbean (Language Mastery for the Caribbean) Macmillan Caribbean? June Mitchelmore? MacmillanCaribbean? JuneMitchelmore? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Children sBooks-Reference&Nonfiction-LanguageArts-General? Move Ahead 1 Student's Book Macmillan ELT? Et A Ellis? MacmillanELT? EtAEllis? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Nonfiction-Education-LanguageInstruction-Instruction-EnglishasaForeignLanguage-Coursebooks? Subjects-Reference-ForeignLanguages-Instruction-EnglishasaForeignLanguage-Coursebooks? Move Ahead 2 Workbook Macmillan ELT? Howard-Wil? MacmillanELT? Howard-Wil? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Nonfiction-Education-LanguageInstruction-Instruction-EnglishasaForeignLanguage-Coursebooks? Subjects-Reference-ForeignLanguages-Instruction-EnglishasaForeignLanguage-Coursebooks? Operations Management Palgrave Macmillan? Terry Hill? PalgraveMacmillan? TerryHill? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Business&Investing-Management&Leadership-Management? Subjects-Business&Investing-Management&Leadership-QualityControl? Subjects-Professional&Technical-BusinessManagement-Management&Leadership-Management? Subjects-Professional&Technical-BusinessManagement-Management&Leadership-QualityControl? Succession Politics in Indonesia Palgrave Macmillan? Bilveer Singh? PalgraveMacmillan? BilveerSingh? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-PoliticalScience-Elections? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-PoliticalScience-Leaders&Leadership? With Silent Tread (Caribbean Classics) Macmillan Caribbean? Frieda Cassin? Evelyn O Callaghan? MacmillanCaribbean? FriedaCassin? EvelynO Callaghan? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Literature&Fiction-GenreFiction-Historical? Constitution-Making and the Labour Party Palgrave Macmillan? Mark Evans? PalgraveMacmillan? MarkEvans? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Law-One-L-ConstitutionalLaw? Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-PoliticalScience-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-PoliticalScience-PoliticalDoctrines-Socialism? Subjects-Nonfiction-Government-Constitutions? Subjects-Nonfiction-Law-One-L-ConstitutionalLaw? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Law-ConstitutionalLaw-General? Myths, Madness and the Family Palgrave Macmillan? Jo Campling? PalgraveMacmillan? JoCampling? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Health,Mind&Body-Psychology&Counseling? Subjects-Health,Mind&Body-Self-Help-General? Subjects-Medicine-Nursing-Psychiatric? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-SocialWork? Subjects-Parenting&Families-FamilyRelationships? Subjects-Science-Medicine-Nursing-Psychiatric? Internet Ethics Palgrave Macmillan? Duncan Langford? PalgraveMacmillan? DuncanLangford? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Computers&Internet-Business&Culture-DigitalLaw? Subjects-Computers&Internet-Business&Culture-Culture? Subjects-Computers&Internet-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-Philosophy-Ethics&Morality? Subjects-Nonfiction-Philosophy-General? Management Palgrave Macmillan? Liz Fulop? Stephen Linstead? PalgraveMacmillan? LizFulop? StephenLinstead? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Business&Investing-Management&Leadership-Management? Subjects-Professional&Technical-BusinessManagement-Management&Leadership-Management? The Biology of Child Health Palgrave Macmillan? Sarah Neill? Helen Knowles? PalgraveMacmillan? SarahNeill? HelenKnowles? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Health,Mind&Body-General? Subjects-Medicine-Nursing-Pediatric&Neonatal? Subjects-Medicine-Specialties-Pediatrics-General? Subjects-Science-Medicine-Nursing-Pediatric&Neonatal? Subjects-Science-Medicine-Specialties-Pediatrics-General? Research, Truth and Authority Palgrave Macmillan? Gary Rolfe? PalgraveMacmillan? GaryRolfe? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Literature&Fiction-History&Criticism-Movements&Periods-Postmodernism? Subjects-Medicine-Nursing? Subjects-Science-Medicine-Nursing? Multi-professional Learning for Nurses (Nurse Education in Practice) Palgrave Macmillan? Tony Leiba? Sally Glen? PalgraveMacmillan? TonyLeiba? SallyGlen? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Medicine-Nursing? Subjects-Science-Medicine-Nursing? Pain Palgrave Macmillan? Eloise Carr? Eileen Mann? PalgraveMacmillan? EloiseCarr? EileenMann? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Medicine-Nursing? Subjects-Medicine-Pharmacology-PainMedicine? Subjects-Science-Medicine-Nursing? Subjects-Science-Medicine-Pharmacology-PainMedicine? Histories of the Future Palgrave Macmillan? Alan Sandison? Robert Dingley? PalgraveMacmillan? AlanSandison? RobertDingley? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Literature&Fiction-History&Criticism-UnitedStates-LiteraryTheory? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-Sociology-Culture? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-MediaStudies? Subjects-ScienceFiction&Fantasy-ScienceFiction? The Political Economy of Globalization Palgrave Macmillan? Ngaire Woods? PalgraveMacmillan? NgaireWoods? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Business&Investing-Economics-International? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-International? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-International-Economics? The Political Economy of Globalization Palgrave Macmillan? Ngaire Woods? PalgraveMacmillan? NgaireWoods? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Business&Investing-Economics-International? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-International? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-International-Economics? Critical Social Psychology Palgrave Macmillan? Brendan Gough? Majella McFadden? PalgraveMacmillan? BrendanGough? MajellaMcFadden? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Health,Mind&Body-Psychology&Counseling-SocialPsychology&Interactions? Global Labour Flexibility Palgrave Macmillan? Guy Standing? PalgraveMacmillan? GuyStanding? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Business&Investing-Economics-International? Subjects-Business&Investing-Economics-Unemployment? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-International? Subjects-Nonfiction-Economics-Unemployment? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-International-Economics? Subjects-Professional&Technical-Accounting&Finance-Economics-Unemployment? The Cancer Handbook Palgrave Macmillan? Malcolm R., Ph.D. Alison? PalgraveMacmillan? MalcolmR.,Ph.D.Alison? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Medicine-Reference-General? Subjects-Medicine-InternalMedicine-Oncology-General? Subjects-Reference? Subjects-Science-Reference-Medical-General? Subjects-Science-Medicine-Reference-General? Subjects-Science-Medicine-InternalMedicine-Oncology-General? Humour and Irony in Kierkegaard's Thought Palgrave Macmillan? John Lippitt? PalgraveMacmillan? JohnLippitt? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Nonfiction-Philosophy-Consciousness&Thought? Macmillan CXC Revision AIDS - Maths (CXC Revision Aids) Macmillan Caribbean? Stephen Jackson? MacmillanCaribbean? StephenJackson? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Science-Mathematics? The Future of Brands (Macmillan Business) Palgrave Macmillan? Rita Clifton? Esther Maughan? PalgraveMacmillan? RitaClifton? EstherMaughan? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Business&Investing-Marketing&Sales? Subjects-Professional&Technical-BusinessManagement-Marketing&Sales? The Social Democratic Dilemma Palgrave Macmillan? Stuart Thomson? PalgraveMacmillan? StuartThomson? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-Nonfiction-Politics-PoliticalParties? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-PoliticalScience-PoliticalDoctrines-Liberalism? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-PoliticalScience-PoliticalDoctrines-Socialism? Caribbean Families in Britain Macmillan Caribbean? Goulbourne? MacmillanCaribbean? Goulbourne? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Subjects-History-Americas-UnitedStates-AfricanAmericans-AfricanAmericanStudies? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-Sociology-RaceRelations-General? Subjects-Nonfiction-SocialSciences-SpecialGroups-African-AmericanStudies? Reading Comprehension 1 Macmillan ELT? L. Fidge? MacmillanELT? L.Fidge? ジャンル別? Substores-UnknownASINs-8 Substores-UnknownASINs-8 洋書
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Market Analysis The global Online Sports Betting Market is predicted to increase at a cagr of 13.6%, from USD 24,988.4 million in 2019 to USD 59,530.7 million by the forecast period. The global online sports betting market is expanding due to increased demand for sports, which is essential for reaching development goals. In a number of geographical, cultural, and political contexts, sport can play an important role in promoting societal integration and economic prosperity. Sports impact on social capital, culture, trust, and crime can help with increasing capital accumulation, thereby improving and strengthening market functioning. All these outcomes further reinforce each other to grow the market. Furthermore, participating in sports allows players to live longer and healthier lives. The global E-Sports market has been expanding in recent years, with an increasing number of players participating as competitors or spectators. The modern sports-only websites are now growing in popularity just like the traditional sports betting website, now offer chances to bet on events and tournaments, similar to how many people bet on E-Sports. The major growth factor of such market share would be the increasing sports demand and rising demand for e-Sports activities. The online sports betting market is seeing an increase in growth due to rising digital innovation. However, due to Government prohibitions, some nations are expected to put some restrain in the global market expansion. Then again, the enhancement of digital innovation through advanced programming and technological use can bring more opportunities in the global market due to high-quality games. COVID-19 Impact on the Worldwide Online Sports Betting Market The spread of new coronavirus has impacted numerous industries, including manufacturing, from raw material production to final product distribution. On the other hand, in order to track the spread of a deadly virus, governments around the world imposed restrictions on a variety of sporting activities. Scheduled events including the English Premier League, Serie A in Italy, La Liga in Spain, Super Lig in Turkey, and Major League Soccer in the United States were canceled or postponed due to a rise in the number of COVID-19 cases globally. Some organizations prefer to reschedule events in order to decrease expenditure losses, such as the Belgian Cup final, which was initially slated for March 2020 but was moved to August 1st. Another case in point is the African Nations Championship 2020 competition, which was scheduled to take place in Cameroon in April 2020 but has been postponed until further notice. Since governments imposed lockdowns to contain and monitor the spread of the fatal virus, a sizable percentage of the workforce has been instructed to remain indoors, resulting in a surge in demand for virtual entertainment and media. Microsoft, for instance, announced a large rise in multiplayer participation in March and April 2020. Furthermore, when physical venues stayed closed to prevent the spread of the virus, online casino gaming and fantasy sports betting grew by more than 30%. Request a Free Sample @ https //www.marketresearchfuture.com/sample_request/8641 Market Segmentation The global online sports betting market is classified into various segments based on sports type, by type, by application. Moreover, on the basis of sports type, the online sports betting market is bifurcated into football, cricket, tennis, baseball, volleyball, basketball, hockey, horse riding, boxing, golf, racing, and many others. Further, the football segment is sub-segments into FIFA, Premier League, UEA/EURO, and others. The market analysis report suggests that the FIFA segment has registered for acquiring the largest market value in the preview period and increasing at a CAGR of 125 in the forecast period. According to the by Type segment, the online sports betting market is classified into line-in-play, fixed old betting, daily fantasy, e-sports, exchange betting, spread betting, and others. The online sports betting market is again segregated into web-based and mobile-based based on the application segment. Regional Analysis According to the global market analysis report, the regional bifurcation of the online sports betting market includes North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, and the rest of the world. Moreover, the market study also states that Europe has dominated the online sports betting market in the preview years and is expected to grow at a CAGR of 12.1%. The driving factor would be the increasing zeal of watching sports with the advancement of innovative game formats and gaming modes. However, during the forecast period, the North American market is predicted to grow at the fastest rate of 15.8%. Key Players Notable players in the worldwide online sports betting market include 888 Holdings PLC (UK), Flutter Entertainment PLC (UK), Bet365 Group Ltd (UK), Fortuna Entertainment Group (Netherlands), Churchill Downs Incorporated (US), Entain PLC (UK), DraftKings (US), Betsson AB (Sweden), Betfred Ltd (UK), Webis Holdings PLC (Isle of Man), Kindred Group PLC (Malta), Sportech PLC (UK), BetAmerica (US), HKJC Football Betting Limited (Hong Kong), and Megapari (Cyprus). Industry Updates In April 2019, Betfred made the debut of its American Sports betting platform at Betting on Sports America 2019 at Meadowlands, New Jersey. In January 2022, Inspired, one of the leading B2B gaming content providers, announced to have acquired Sportech Lotteries, Inc., a subsidiary of Sportech PLC. Browse Full Report Details @ https //www.marketresearchfuture.com/reports/online-gambling-market-8641 Table of Contents 1 Executive Summary 2 Scope of The Report 2.1 Market Definition 2.2 Scope of The Study 2.2.1 Research Objectives 2.2.2 Assumptions Limitations 2.3 Market Structure Continued… Similar Report** Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) Market By Security Type (Human Intelligence, Content Intelligence, Dark Web Analysis, Link/Network Analysis, Data Analytics, Text Analytics, Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, Others), Technology (Bid Data Software, Video Analytics, Text Analytics, Visualization Tool, Cyber Security, Web Analysis, Social Media Analysis, Others), Application (Military Defense, Homeland Security, Private Sector, Public Sector, National Security, Others) Voice Assistant Market** https //mrfrinformation.tistory.com/615 Network-Attached Storage Market** https //telescope.ac/information-technology-Lc1XMRDqL/5WlKY9Kx4 About Market Research Future At Market Research Future (MRFR), we enable our customers to unravel the complexity of various industries through our Cooked Research Report (CRR), Half-Cooked Research Reports (HCRR), Raw Research Reports (3R), Continuous-Feed Research (CFR), and Market Research Consulting Services. 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